International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology
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Study of Scientific Knowledge and Adoption Behavior of Fish Farmers in terms of Economic Benefit at Balaghat (M. P.)
Get PDFScientific fish culture involves stocking and growing two or more compatible and complementary fish species like, Indian Major Carps (IMC) and exotic carps in a water body like pond to maximize the fish production by fullest utilization of all available niches in the pond ecosystem. Therefore this study conducted with 120 fish farmers at Blaghat district. The major finding of the study is the medium adoption might be due to the fact that fish farmers, had the tendency towards efficient working but due to several constraints affects in injudicious use of inputs and practices. Improvement of technical skill and faith might result of these improved practices and technology they adopted medium level of various component of improved fish production practices. 
Analysis of Construction and Demolition Waste and its Applications Based on Recent Studies
Get PDFConstruction and Demolition Waste C & D waste is becoming a havoc each coming day. According to government agencies like Building Material Promotion Council (BMPTC) and Centre for Fly Ash Research and Management (C-FARM) estimated 165 million tonnes from construction. Out of municipal solid waste approximately 15% to 20% of solid waste comes from construction and demolition projects. Centre of Science and Environment (CSE) says in their latest release analysis of the C&D waste management sector, titled Another Brick off the Wall, India manages to recover and recycle only about 1% of its construction and demolition (C&D) waste), as the official recycling capacity is a mere 6,500 tons per day (TPD)- just about 1%. In this paper, we will analyze the C & D waste management to maintain the sustainable approach
The Study of Genetic Divergence in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Genotypes with Grain Yield and Different Morpho Physiological Traits using Mahalanobis’ D2 Analysis
Get PDF The current study attempted to study genetic divergence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes with grain yield and different morpho-physiological traits among 18 rice varieties using Mahalanobis' D2 analysis. Keeping this in mind, the performance of the studied genotypes, as well as the association between various morpho-physiological and yield contributing traits among the genotypes, were evaluated in the field. The experiments were conducted from July to December 2018 at the Agronomy Field, Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajshahi University. In terms of grain yield and other morpho-physiological traits, the genotypes differed significantly. The genotypes were classified into five clusters using Mahalonobis' D2 statistics and Tocher's method (Table 3). Cluster IV was the smallest of the clusters. Cluster l is the largest, with six genotypes. Clusters II and lV each contained three and two genotypes. The pattern of genotype distribution among various clusters reflected the significant genetic variability present in the genotypes, which may be due to adaptation of these genotypes to specific environmental conditions. Genotypes from different clusters are expected (inter-cluster). The intra (bold) and inter-cluster distances from D2 analysis (Table 4). Cluster I has the greatest intra cluster distance (0.956), while Cluster IV has the smallest (0.3583). The greatest inter-cluster distance is observed between cluster IV and (8.190), while the smallest inter-cluster distance is observed between cluster II and IV (2.924). In both vectors, the average inter-cluster distances were greater than the average intra-cluster distances, indicating the presence of greater genetic diversity among genotypes from different clusters than those from the same cluster. These findings indicated that these five traits contributed the most to the divergence among the eighteen rice genotypes. The results revealed that the clusters were remarkably distinct for the majority of the traits, indicating proper clustering. The most effective tiller, grain panicle, effective grain panicle, and days to maturity were found in Cluster V. The intra-cluster mean for grain yield was the lowest in this cluster. Cluster III had the lowest grain yield per acre. This was the cluster with the lowest initial grain yield. The intra-cluster mean for effective tiller and days to maturity was highest in this cluster. Cluster II had the smallest grain yield and the second smallest thousand grain weight. Cluster V had the shortest panicle length intra-cluster. 
Analysis of Genetic Diversity in Some Rice Varieties and Their Performance in Bangladesh
Get PDF This study was conducted to evaluate the genetic diversity for several rice features and their association with yields, as well as to identify genotypes of short-duration rice. The experiment was conducted in the field in a natural environment, and data were collected on several plant parameters for each genotype at various phases of plant development. Twenty genotypes of rice were examined based on their morphological and physiological characteristics. From July through December of 2020, the experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute's regional station in Shyampur, Rajshahi. There was significant diversity among the twenty rice genotypes for all characteristics tested. The genotype BRRI dhan57 displayed the shortest days to flowering. In terms of days to maturity, the genotype BRRI dhan57 was the earliest, with a maturity time of 107.33 days, followed by BRRI dhan56 and BRRI dhan39. The days to blooming had the highest heritability (99.75%), followed by the days to maturity (99.58%), grain yield (85.30%), thousand grain weight (85.22%), grains per panicle (84.91%), plant height (82.21%), and tillers per hill (21.61%). High heritability scores indicated that the researched qualities were less influenced by the surrounding environment. As a percentage of the mean, the genetic gain was greatest for grain yield (36.33%) and lowest for tillers per hill (6.60%) among the yield-contributing factors. In days to flowering, days to maturity, grains per panicle, and plant height, high heritability and genetic progress were seen. According to the principal component analysis (PCA), the Eigen values of the first four components of the total variance accounted for 89.46% of the total variance, indicating that these components were mostly responsible for the genetic diversity of the current materials. It was the largest cluster, containing seven rice genotypes. Clusters II and V contained five and four genotypes of rice, respectively. Clusters III and IV were the smallest, with only two genotypes apiece. The pattern of distribution of genotypes among various clusters demonstrated the significant genetic variety present in the genotypes, which may be the result of adaptation of these genotypes to certain environmental conditions. The largest value of intercluster distance indicated that cluster III genotypes were extremely distinct from cluster IV genotypes. Negative values in both vectors for tillers per hill suggested that this feature contributed the least to the total diversity. The number of panicles per hill, panicle length, weight per thousand grains, and grain yield were all positive in both directions. According to these statistics, these four characteristics contributed the most to the variety. 
TECHNOLOGICAL GAP IN RECOMMENDED CULTIVATION PRACTICES OF CABBAGE GROWERS AT KUHUBOTO BLOCK IN DIMAPUR DISTRICT OF NAGALAND
Get PDFThis study has been conducted to find out the technological gap in recommended cultivation practices of the cabbage growers in order to understand the extent of the difference between the traditional and non- traditional practices practiced by the local farmers in the district. The aforementioned study was conducted at Kuhuboto block in Dimapur district of Nagaland in the year 2021. A descriptive research designed was applied for this study. The primary data was collected from 120 respondents by personal interview method using prestructure interview schedule. After the analysis of the data, it was observed that, maximum number of the respondents (55.83%) were having medium level of overall utilization of information sources and majority of the cabbage growers (62.50%) belonged to medium level of over-all technological gap category. It indicates that a sum number of the population had incorporated the new technologies while others have still yet to adopt and use the new recommended cabbage cultivation. The socio- economic variables associated with the respondents, such as education and training exposure were positively significant with the extent of adoption of improved package of practices of cabbage cultivation. The above results compel the research and extension system to work on the gaps in a pragmatic way
Review of Various Sources of Nutrient Management on Maize (Zea mays) under Maize and Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) Intercropping System
Get PDFExperiment was conducted at Research Farm of Kisan (P.G.) College, Simbhaoli (Ghaziabad) during kharif seasons of 2020 and 2021. Fifteen treatment combinations consisting three cropping system viz. maize sole cropping, mung sole cropping and intercropping of maize and mung and five nutrient sources i.e. recommended doses of NPK (RDF). RDF + Farm Yard Marwure (FYM) 6t/h. RDF + Azospirillum" / Rhizobium. RDF + Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria and RDF- Farm Yard Manure (PYM)a Sub + Azospirillum Rhizobium + PSB were used in factorial RBD in four replications. Application of organic and biofertilisers over NPK increased the yield attributing characters and yield of maize. Highest yield attributing characters of maize was recorded with NPK+FYM A+P which ultimately resulted higher yield 29.67 and 32.22 q/ha during 2020 and 2021 respectively. 
Antioxidant Foods
Get PDFAntioxidant is any substance that delays, prevents or removes oxidative damage to a target molecule. It can be found in many foods, including fruits and vegetables. The role of antioxidants in foods is to retard or control oxidation. The process of autoxidation and development of rancidity in foods involves a free radical chain mechanism via initiation, propagation and termination steps. While radicals are produced in the ‘initiation’ step, they react with unsaturated fatty acids by abstracting a hydrogen atom from a site which requires the least energy that is the allylic or diallylic position in the ‘propagation’ steps. The reactions in the propagation step make up a chain reaction until a ‘termination’ reaction occurs. Due to high stability and low volatility, it helps to maintain the level of nutrients, the texture, colour, taste, freshness, functionality, aroma, and appeal to consumers such as the older person. Various antioxidants found in food viz. natural antioxidants, synthetic antioxidants, dietary antioxidant, endogenous antioxidant play an important role in preservation of food. Vitamin C, Vitamin E, αcarotene, Lycopene, Polyphenol etc. is main sources of antioxidants The benefits of antioxidants include whole foods and beverages (e.g., acai berry, gogi berry, green tea) as well as isolated substances sold primarily as dietary supplements (e.g., vitamin C, lycopene, selenium) or added to foods (e.g., vitamin E). It reduces the risk of developing certain diseases such as; cancer, heart disease, stroke, and arthritis etc
Correlation of Organic Carbon Content of Soil on Paddy Productivity: A Case Study
Get PDFSoil fertility is one of the important factors controlling yield of the crops. Macronutrients (N, P, K and S) are important soil elements which control its fertility. Soil characterization in relation to evaluation of fertility status of the soils of an area or region is an important aspect in context of sustainable agriculture production. A high SOM (Soil Organic Matter) content provides nutrients to plants and improves water availability, both of which enhances soil fertility and ultimately improve food productivity. Since 2017 ARF with support of NABARD has been conducting trials on 300 acres of agriculture land of villages of district Sonipat, Haryana using hydroponically grown Paddy nursery. A study was carried out on randomly selected 50 acres of land to see the effect of SOC (Soil Organic Carbon) and N (Nitrogen) content on the yield in hydroponically grown paddy
FABRICATION OF PADDY TRANSPLANTER MACHINE
Get PDF India is an agrarian country. About 58% of Indians are dependent on agriculture for their livelihood. At least 12 crore families in India are dependent on agriculture. India is world's second largest producers of rice, accounting for 20% of all world rice production. Rice is usually grown by planting paddy in the fields manually. A major population of India is engaged in agriculture. Rice being the major crop cultivated in India, a huge amount of workforce is engaged in rice production. The common practice of rice cultivation is manual transplanting of seedlings in the puddled soil. Rice is primary and major crop cultivated in India. As the large workforce is engaged in this sector, Traditional method is costly, time consuming and labor intensive work. To make the transplanted system several attempt has been made to design and fabricate this machine. So our main of our project is to design and fabricate a paddy transplanted by using this machine we use decrease the labor cost and increased the productivity. So this machine works on a simple mechanism which is easy to maintain and it is eco-friendly. And no skilled labors are required, only single person is required to operate the machine. In this work, the difficulties while planting the seedlings in the field by the farmers are eliminated. 
Estimation of Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advances for Short Duration and High Yielding Rice Genotypes
Get PDFThe goal of the study was to find genotypes of 18 different rice varieties that would yield a lot of rice in a short amount of time. With this in mind, the study genotypes' field performance as well as the relationships between various morpho-physiological and yield-contributing traits among the genotypes was assessed. The experiments were conducted from July to December 2018 at the Agronomy Field, Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajshahi University. In genotype BRRI dhan 51, the maximum number of days to 50% flowering was discovered. The genotype BRRI dhan 56 had the lowest number of days required for 50% flowering. Genotypes showed a wide range of days to maturity (92.00–109.00), with an average of 98.96 days. The genotypes DRR 46, BINA 7, and DRR 44 are followed by the genotypes BRR1 dhan 66, BRR1 dhan 56, and BRR1 dhan 57, which have shorter maturity periods (i.e., 92.00 days), indicating earliness. The traits investigated in this study showed high heritabilities, with estimates ranging from 67.00 to 96.00 percent. Days to flowering and unfilled grain panicle-1 had the highest heritability among the traits (96.00%).The presence of high heritability values suggests that the expression of the traits under study is less influenced by the external environment. The unfilled grain panicle-1 had the highest genetic advance as a percentage of the mean (144.80%), while panicle length had the lowest genetic advance (10.48%) among the traits that affected yield