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Novels of Hasan Manzar
No full textHasan Manzar is a renowned Urdu fiction writer. He has been writing for almost four decades. In his novels, He has presented local as well as international cultural landscapes. It seems his novels are based on knowledge and information rather than self-observation and experience. The diction and characters of these novels are less colorful and also have lesser affiliation from the locale they present. Hasan Manzar also uses popular and satirical narrative techniques in his novels. Owing to these features, he may not be counted as big gun of Urdu novel, although he has written more than half a dozen. In this article, some of his novels, especially his latest Novel, Habs have been analyzed on cultural grounds. 
The Symbolic Significance of Iqbal’s Shaheen and Khushhal’s Baaz: A Comparative Study
No full textThis study investigates the symbolic significance of two celebrated birds, Shaheen and Baaz, used in the poetry of Allama Muhammad Iqbal and Khushhal Khan Khattak. The data consists of selected verses from the Urdu Poetry of Iqbal and Pashto poetry of Khushhal. The study is significant as it reveals how the two poets have compared the dynamic qualities and good deeds of men with the Baaz and Shaheen. Moreover, it also unravels how the two poets have used the strong images of their ideal birds to propagate their didactic and revolutionizing ideologies. After thoughtful analyses, it is revealed that though these poets wrote in different times and languages, the imagery of Iqbal’s Shaheen and Khushhal’s Baaz show close similarities in their thoughts and philosophies as their aim was the reawakening of Muslims. The study concludes with the understanding that Iqbal’s concept of “Mard-e-Momin” and Khushhal’s concept of “Nangyal” are still the source of inspiration for today’s youth if they want to show their strength and vitality.  
Sociohistorical Narrative of Calligraphic Art in Pakistan
No full textThe development of calligraphic art in Pakistan is affected by social and historical factors. Because of the religious connotations attached to this art, its acceptance in the art circles is contentious. This qualitative paper focuses on calligraphic art done in Arabic script which developed in Pakistan after 1947. Exploratory research design is used for data collection. A narrative and descriptive approach is adopted for data presentation and analysis This paper explores calligraphic art from a historical perspective and aims to bring into light its existing status in the contemporary art circles of Pakistan. The results show a substantial inclination toward religious attachment in general perception and a reluctance of accepting it as a truly expressive art in artistic circles
A rare Manuscript of ‘Chiragh e Hidayet’: Introduction and analysis
No full text Siraj uddin Ali Khan Arzoo was a leading Dehlvi poet and Linguist of 18th Century India. A large number of great poets like Abroo, Sauda, Dard, Mazmoon, Yakrang, Bahar and Mir Taqi Mir were his followers. Arzoo was also an early philologist of Urdu. His famous lexicon 'Nawadar ul Alfaz' is considered a milestone in Urdu lexicography. In this article a rare manuscript of another of his lexicon 'Chiragh e Hidayet' is introduced. It was published along with 'Ghiyas ul Lughaat' in 19th Century. The importance and basic characteristics of these two Texts are also discussed. 
University Oriental College Lahore in Light of History and Culture
No full textThe Oriental College is first educational institution of Governemnt of Punjab, where Oriental Languages are taught. Oriental College was established in 1870, basically this Institution was established to acquaint the people with modern field of knowledge in Oriental Languages. At that time Arabic, Persian, Sanskrit, Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi (Grumukhi) and Peshto, including modern subjects of knowledge, like Engineering, Mathematic, Geography, Economic, Philosophy, Muslim Law, Dharam Shaster, Medicine, Economic, Tibb Unani, Vedak and History were taught in this College. M.A. classes were started at Oriental College beginning with Arabic, M.A. Sanskrit 1888, Persian 1921, Urdu 1948, Punjabi 1970 and Kashmir Studies 1987
Female Nobel Laureates in Literature:20th Century
No full textThis short article gives you a brief overview on women's role in literature, especially in Nobel literature. Although social attitudes and gender discrimination gave women little chance to flourish, and women's literature was mentioned too late in history, from Salma Lager's Leaf in 1909 to Elizabeth Gulak's in 2020 are part of the list of Nobel laureates. The fact that these 16 women received the Nobel Prize, although not a satisfactory numerical ratio, is a testament to the creativity and modern consciousness of these women. These women's writings are an expression of their society, their commitment and personal feelings, as well as a reflection of social turmoil, political stagnation and a gender monopoly on creativity. Life's rich experience and understanding have made these writings alive and will continue to be regarded as a historical document in the times to come. There is a need to consider the universality of women's literature instead of placing it in the box of women's literature and looking at it in a limited perspective, and to explore the meaning of these writings on a wider scale so that the direction of literature. With the addition of the feminine experience and narrative of perspective, the woman's rhetoric with her present and this angle of identity could grow in the right direction
“Aagay Samundar Hai” in the context of Oral History, Identity Crisis and Emotions
No full textOral history of every region coincides with its culture. The pursuit of “Oral History” has a very rich tradition, so viewing, analyzing and documenting history with this facet is a new tool to explore and deciphering history. It not only discloses new facts about the past but these telling facts figure out explication about those things and ideas which are derelict, overlooked, and remained unexplored by traditional and political historians as well as connects us with popular culture and tradition. The canvas of subaltern studies could be expanded by adopting this interpreting approach to study and analyze history. While studying this we come across humongous societal crises among them identity crisis is one. This article ascertains the tradition of ‘Oral History’ in a novel, ‘Aagay Samundar Hai’, an identity crisis which has occurred right after partition. It also reconnoiters emotions which are agglutinated with oral tradition; enable us to delineate strong linkages between literature and history and, thus, narrativizes history through it
Conflict of Eastern and western civilization in Pakistani stage (published ) dramas
No full textThe article deals with the elements of the conflicts between the eastern and the western civilizations in stage plays of Urdu language. After the coming into being of Pakistan, it had its own civilization which was mostly based on the golden principles of Islam including positive aspects of eastern civilization.The western civilization brought by the British had a profound effect on the eastern civilization Pakistan as well as of subcontinent. Its effected or influenced the Pakistani people as well. Even at present time, our society is under its spell. Some people show love for eastern civilization.The utilitarian aspects of western civilization can be adopted, but there is a fear of damaging the foundations of eastern civilization, because there is a clash between these two civilizations. Our Pakistani stage playwrights have pointed out such social and cultural issues in their plays as well as the display of eastern and western civilizations. It can be seen conflicts of religious elements, co-education, dress, unparalleled freedom of women in their plays. Among the stage playwrights, Khwaja Moinuddin, Mirza Adib, Kamal Ahmad Rizvi, Agha Nasir, Javed Iqbal, Hijab Imtiaz Ali, have portrayed the clash of these two civilizations in their plays. Showing conflicts they have indirectly suggested to follow the eastern civilization instead of western civilization
Creative Expression of Existentialism in Kaghazi Ghat
No full textKhalida Hussain was an eminent Urdu fiction writer. She introduced a new trend in fiction writing. In her stories, she values self-awareness and introspection. She emphasizes to recognized inner-self to recognize your-self in the true sense. This article attempts to analyze the novel “Kaagazi Ghat” in the perspective of existentialism. It reflected a young girl’s journey of self-discovery. This novel relates to a girl named “Moona” who has gone through inner and outer struggles to find meaning of her existence. Khalida Hussain was very impressed Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus (Kaemu
Familiar Travelogues of Some Unfamiliar Travelers
No full textTravelogue is a historic document wherein the writer describes the experiences and observations of his journey. In fact, the journey of man started since the time immemorial, but the trend of travelogue writing started in the era of Chander Gupt Moriya (3 BC). “Ajaibaat-a-Farang” of Yousaf Khan Kambal Posh is the first recognized travelogue ever written in Urdu. Afterwards, many other writers took this genre to its intellectual and technical perfection. This document present the study on foreigners travelogue writings related to Pakistan describing their observations, experiences and rich feelings about Pakistan, its land and people. In these selected travelogues, translated into Urdu , study will high light the positive influence of Pakistan, its people and land on the travelers through their writings