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Phoneme awareness development in preschool children in shallow orthography
No full textThe relationship between phoneme awareness and reading proficiency, particularly in pre‑reading stages, is a complex and debated topic. This study focuses on exploring phoneme awareness by examining phonemic analysis in pre‑reading children (N=250, aged 3.5‑6.5, 48% girls) in a shallow orthography (Serbian) to determine the dynamics of its development. Three phonemic analysis tasks were explored – recognizing the first, second, and last letter in a word. These tasks are typically used to test phoneme awareness. Our results show significant developmental differences in phonemic analysis ability among pre‑reading children. Success rates varied significantly between age groups, with the most substantial differences observed between the oldest (5.5‑6.5) and youngest (3.5‑4.5) groups. Success in identifying the first letter in a word predicted success in identifying the second letter, but not the last letter in a word. Task correctness in identifying the first letter was significantly greater than success in other tasks in all age groups, but age‑specific variations were observed, showing that phonemic awareness tasks may measure different levels of phoneme awareness development. Patterns of developmental outcomes within age groups were analysed, suggesting that phonemic analysis is a continuous, rather than a discrete ability.13th Neuronus 2024 Neuroscience Forum Krakow (25-27 April, 2024) - Abstrac
Is the image of Saint Sava presented on the medieval seals of Serbian Patriarchs?
No full textУ раду указујемо на специфичности печата српских црквених поглавара, са посебним освртом на печат који су користили патријарси од друге половине XIV до средине XV
века. Како се исти печат појављује на оригиналним повељама издатим у распону од седамдесет година, износимо тезу да су поглавари Српске цркве дужи период користили исти типар, односно да је Српска црква у средњем
веку имала свој јединствени начин овере. Посебно је анализирана иконографија специфичног ромбоидног печата и
размотрена могућност да је на њему приказан свети Сава.The paper discusses the distinctive features of the seals of Serbian church leaders, with a special focus on the seal used by
patriarchs from the second half of the fourteenth to the middle of the fifteenth century. The same seal appears on original
charters issued over a period of seventy years. I propose that
the Serbian Orthodox Church in the Middle Ages developed a
unique method of authentication, characterized by a distinctive wax seal. Special attention is given to the iconography of
the rhomboid-shaped seal, with arguments presented in support of the claim that the central figure depicts Saint Sava
O naseljavanju i delatnosti članova jevrejske porodice Hajduška u Somboru prilog istoriji jevrejske zajednice u Somboru
No full textThe Jewish community in Sombor at the end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th century was relatively small, numbering only a few families. The larger settlement of Jews in this city began at the end of the first half of the 19th century. One of the most prominent and oldest Jewish families in Sombor was the family of Philipp Hajduska. According to the available sources, its first member moved to Sombor in 1792. They developed a trade business there, which their sons later continued. The paper contributes to the history of the daily life of Jewish settlers in the Free Royal City of Sombor. It is based on insufficiently-known archival documents from the Free Royal City of Sombor’s fund of the Historical Archive in Sombor. It observes and follows a Jewish family's dynamics and way of life within the Sombor town community and their mutual family and business relations.Jevrejska zajednica u Somboru krajem XVIII i početkom XIX veka bila je prilično mala, brojeći
tek nekolicinu porodica. Veće doseljavanje Jevreja u ovaj grad otpočelo je tek polovinom XIX veka.
Jedna od istaknutijih i najstarijih takvih u Somboru bila je porodica Filipa Hajduške. Prvi njen član se,
na osnovu dostupnih izvora, doselio u Sombor 1792. godine i tu razvio posao vezan za trgovinu, što su
docnije nastavili i njegovi sinovi. Radi nastanjivanja i trgovine u gradu neophodno pribaviti posebne
dozvole, te su se članovi udruženja trgovaca često bunili i ulagali prigovore na doseljavanje novih
Jevreja u Sombor. Tako su se žalili i kada je dozvoljeno nastaljivanje i otvaranje trgovačke radnje Filipu
Hajduški 1792. godine. Njemu je ipak dozvoljeno da se naseli u Somboru gde je živeo 17 godina i bavio
se trgovinom kožom, vunom i žitom. U više navrata je bio u sudskom sporu sa svojim sunarodnikom
Isakom Osterajherom, zakupcem jevrejskog svratišta, zbog toga što je mimo zakona primao Jevreje iz
drugih gradova na konak u svoju kuću. Prema podacima o porezu, bio je izuzetno imućan u odnosu
na svoje sunarodnike u Somboru, plaćao je daleko veći porez nego svi ostali somborski Jevreji. Imao
je petoricu sinova Heršla, Avrama, Simona, Jakova i Isaka i ćerku Saru, i verovatno još jednog sina koga
je nadživeo. Neposredno pre smrti je nameravao da se odseli iz Sombora, ali nam nije poznato da li
mu se želja ostvarila jer je ubrzo umro. Njegova supruga Šendl se nakon smrti muža preudala za Jakova
Stajna, takođe somborskog trgovca. Supruga i deca bili su uživaoci testamenta pokojnog Filipa
Hajduške, čija je ukupna zaostavština iznosila 27.466 florina i tri krajcare. Šendl Hajduška je
najverovatnije bila majka Simona, Jakova, Isaka i Sare, dok su Heršl i Avram bili Hajduškini sinovi iz
pređašnjeg braka. Hajduškini sinovi su se takođe bavili trgovinom, ali nisu u tom poslu bili uspešni
kao njihov otac. Rad predstavlja prilog istoriji svakodnevnog života jevrejskih doseljenika u Slobodni
kraljevski grad Sombor, a na osnovu dosad nedovoljno poznatih arhivskih dokumenata iz fonda
Slobodnog kraljevskog grada Sombora Istorijskog arhiva u Somboru
Kingdoms of Ruin: Intuition as a Method at the Superimposition of Education, Time and the Pandemic
No full textThis chapter is an experiment in using intuition as a method (Cole and Mirzaei Rafe, International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education 30:849–862, 2017) to investigate how articulations of time, education and more-than-humanness are linked. We do so by diving back into the leaking experience of the COVID-19 pandemic as a more-than-human event through the unexpected and provocative pupil’s response to an open-ended assignment for a languages class. By sensing the text and thinking with Deleuze’s concepts of Chronos and Aion, we strive to understand how articulations of time shape the educational experience, intentional and unintentional actions and, at the same time, our broader relation with the world. We also aim to gain insight into how the context of global politics shapes our possibilities to articulate time and experience in different ways. Departing from education, regimes of time and relation towards a more-than-human world, we argue for openness to difference, orientation towards process and processuality, as well as continuous movement and connection-making. We point out how these elements clash with the neoliberal agenda. The chapter closes with a brief discussion on using intuition as a method.Ugovorom koji je potpisan sa izdavačem nije dozvoljeno stavljati poglavlje u otvoren pristup putem platform
„Glossy Cover“ – Popular culture and commemorating NOB in Socialist Yugoslavia
No full textZvanično predstavljanje prošlosti u Jugoslaviji, koje se ogleda i u zvaničnim komemorativnim performansima, kontinuirano se menjalo. Njihovi tvorci bili su svesni neophodnosti adaptiranja ustanovljenog osnovnog formata, sa ciljem integrisanja osećaja savremenosti, kako u okviru događaja koji se obeležava, tako i u samu ideju društvene revolucije. Popularna kultura (prevashodno „zapadnog“ sveta) od pojave masovnih medija postaje sastavni deo višednevnih komemorativnih performansa. Ovaj rad analizira sadržaje popularne kulture namenjene u prvom redu omladini, u komemoracijama važnih događaja iz NOB-a, poput bitke na Sutjesci i Kozari, fokusirajući se na grafička rešenja, filmsku produkciju, muzička izvođenja, sve do mode i časopisa
Cultural Correlates Of Gender Gap Trends In Pisa Mathematics Performance Across Countries And Time
No full textGender difference in mathematics performance favouring males shows geographical and
temporal variations indicating its dependence upon cultural influence. Societies differ in the
width and direction of the gender gap in mathematics achievement. Also, there is an overall
trend of improvement of this issue - the gap has been getting more and more narrow over the
last couple of decades. However, the pace of the improvement varies across cultural contexts
and is not detected in all countries. Studies show that cultures that stress ambition and
competitiveness tend to have a relatively higher achievement disadvantage of girls compared
with boys. The goal of this study is to investigate cultural dimensions connected to the changes
in gender gap in mathematics performance over the last decade. To approximate cross countries’ trends in gender difference in mathematics performance, we used data from PISA
from 2012-2022. From this data we used the average decennial trend in gender difference in
mathematics performance across the last ten years of PISA cycles. The measure was expressed
for 69 countries using linear regression showing an average change in the boys-girls difference
in the last four cycles. Negative value of the measure indicates a trend of closing the boys-girls
gap across the four cycles, and vice versa. Six dimensions based on Hofstede cultural
dimensions theory were used to predict the decennial trend. Analyses were performed on the
dataset consisting of 51 countries that had both PISA data and data on the cultural dimensions.
As in other studies, the data depict a general trend of improvement of gender equality in the
last 10 years – on average and in most countries. However, results from the last cycle indicate
a slight but significant regress in comparison to the 2018 cycle. Narrowing of the decennial
gender gap favouring boys was significant in 10 countries (out of 33 where it was detected),
whilewidening of the gap was significant in three countries out of 18 where it was detected. A
regression analysis shows that Hofstede’s cultural model explains 35% of the variance in the
average decennial trend in gender difference (F(6, 43) = 3.282, p = .011). The trend is best
predicted by individualism (β = .116, p = .018) and indulgence (β = -.107, p = .045), while
another two dimensions were marginally significant predictors – masculinity (β = -.067, p =
.073) and uncertainty avoidance (β = -.072, p = .077). Collectivist unrestrained societies
showed the greatest improvement in gender equality over the last ten years. Identification of
relevant dimensions is informative for intervention programs to stress the contributing
processes and values and to counter the undesired ones.30. međunarodni naučni skup Empirijska istraživanja u psihologiji
22-24. mart 2024, Filozofski fakultet, Univerzitet u Beogradu, saopštenje štampano u izvod
PEER Training: Building successful collaborative problem-Solving Skills in Adolescents
No full textThis paper presents a PEER training program aimed at building and strengthening collaboration and problem-solving skills among adolescents. The program is integral to the PEERSolvers project (https://peersolvers.f.bg.ac.rs) and follows the PEER model designed to enhance successful collaboration among adolescents. The training includes the four main segments of the PEER model. The first segment focuses on formulating and establishing rules for constructive dialogue and exchange (E) of ideas.The second involves recognising and respecting personality (P) and individual differences in teamwork. The third addresses skills of emotional intelligence (E), promoting the importance of proper recognition, understanding and regulation of emotions during collaboration. Finally, the fourth part of the training deals with team member’s ability to use external resources (R), primarily digital data sources, to scaffold problem-solving. Each segment is a three-hour block, with an introductory and concluding session and includes a series of group exercises and interactive tasks. The conceptualisation of the training in accordance with the PEER model offers a novel and comprehensive approach to collaborative problem-solving aimed to equip both researchers and teachers with evidence-based tools for enhancing students’ collaborative problem-solving skills. The training was carried out in six Belgrade high schools (3 grammar schools and three vocational schools), involving approximately 21 second-year students per school. Trainer experiences confirm that the training can be conducted successfully according to the planned scenario. Also, the trainees found the training relevant and felt confident enough to
engage in it.EARLI - SIG 10, 21 & 25 Conference, Bari, 11-13 September 202
“It takes a whole village...” – Shaping early childhood education and care in Serbia through the approaches of international organisations
No full textPredškolsko vaspitanje i obrazovanje, kao deo sistema obrazovanja,
ugrađeno je u složene društvene, kulturne i političke sisteme. S tim u vezi,
međunarodna politika kao i način razmene informacija i promovisanja rešenja
kroz dokumenta međunarodnih organizacija (EU, OECD, Svetska banka,
UNICEF, UNESCO, T20/G20) oblikuju uverenja i konstruišu razumevanje
svrhe i funkcije predškolskog vaspitanja i obrazovanja. Vođeni pitanjima Koje
su vrednosti i koja je svrha predškolskog vaspitanja i obrazovanja u radu se
analiziraju pristupi međunarodnih organizacija u dokumentima koja se bave
određenjem funkcije predškolskog vaspitanja i obrazovanja. Polazeći od postavki
analize narativa (obrazovne) politike prikazaćemo „makaze paradigmi“ na
primeru pristupa obrazovne politike inkluzivnosti i javno-privatnom partnerstvu
u predškolskom vaspitanju i obrazovanju u strateškim dokumentima obrazovne
politike u Srbiji.Early childhood education and care (ECEC), as part of educational
system, is embedded in complex social, cultural and political systems. In this regard,
international policy, as well as the way of exchanging information and promoting
solutions through documents of international organizations (EU, OECD, World
Bank, UNICEF, UNESCO and the T20/G20), shape beliefs and construct an
understanding of the purpose and function of early childhood education and care.
Guided by the question What are the values and What is the purpose of early
childhood education and care? the paper analyzes the approaches of international
organizations’ current documents that are related to the ECEC. Starting from
the narrative (educational) policy analysis approach, we will present »scissors of
paradigms« in strategic documents of education policy in Serbia, using the example
of the educational policy approach to inclusivity and public-private partnership in
early childhood education and care
Džejms i Vajthed: iskustvo i obrazovanje
No full textWhile the influence of William James’s psychology and philosophy
on Alfred North Whitehead’s later thought is rightfully recognized by
scholars, the same cannot be said regarding the interconnectedness
of their philosophies of education. Both James and Whitehead, though
operating within distinct philosophical paradigms – pragmatism and
process philosophy, respectively – share a deep concern for the role of
experience in the educational process. James’s philosophy of education,
as articulated in Talks to Teachers on Psychology and to Students on
Some of Life’s Ideals (1899), largely stems from his psychology, drawing
from his conception of the stream of consciousness. On the other hand,
Whitehead’s views of education, as presented in The Aims of Education
and Other Essays (1929), are associated with the stream of experience,
and more broadly, with his theory of feelings outlined in Process and
Reality (1929). My aim is to elucidate the convergence and divergence of
their ideas, shedding light on the significance of experience in their edu-
cational theories.Iako su filozofi ispravno prepoznali uticaj psihologije i filozofije Vilijama
Džejmsa (William James) na kasniju misao Alfreda Norta Vajtheda (Alfred
North Whitehead), ništa slično ne možemo kazati kada je reč o među-
sobnoj povezanosti njihovih filozofija obrazovanja. Džejms i Vajthed,
uprkos tome što su delovali unutar različitih filozofskih paradigmi –
pragmatizma, odnosno procesne filozofije – dele duboku zaintereso-
vanost za ulogu iskustva u procesu obrazovanja. Džejmsova filozofija
obrazovanja, artikulisana u knjizi Predavanja iz psihologije za nastavnike
i predavanja za studente o nekim životnim idealima (Talks to Teachers on
Psychology and to Students on Some of Life’s Ideals) (James 1899/1992), u
velikoj meri proizilazi iz njegove psihologije, pre svega iz njegove ideje o
toku svesti. S druge strane, Vajthedova gledišta o obrazovanju, prikazana
u knjizi Ciljevi obrazovanja i drugi ogledi (The Aims of Education and Other
Essays) (Whitehead 1929/1967), u vezi su sa tokom iskustva, a šire, i sa
njegovom teorijom osećanja skiciranom u knjizi Proces i stvarnost
(Process and Reality) (Whitehead 1929/1978). Moj cilj je da ukažem na
sličnosti i razlike u njihovim shvatanjima, ističući važnu ulogu koju
iskustvo igra u njihovim teorijama obrazovanja.Četvrta međunarodna konferencija “Čemu još obrazovanje? Doživljaj obrazovanja”, Belgrade, 9.–11. oktobar 2024. - Saopštenja štampana u izvod
Revealing the natural and cultural history of the brown bear (Ursus arctos) in the Central Balkans through archaeology and archaeogenetics
No full textBrown bear, the strongest and the largest animal native to Europe, experienced a large population decrease during the Holocene, and even regional extinctions. In the Central Balkans, in present-day Serbia, brown bear populations are declared as strictly protected mammal species and are subjected to regional protection measures. The analysis of a large number of faunal collections from Holocene archaeological sites in the region revealed that brown bears were regularly hunted throughout (pre)history, which suggests that they inhabited the local woods in the long term. However, due to anthropogenic pressure, the local environment and consequently the brown bear habitats, underwent significant changes throughout the Holocene. Introduction of domestic plants and animals in the Early Neolithic and the subsequent spread of agriculture, large scale deforestation and urbanisation from the Roman era onwards, as well as hunting of the beasts for fun and pleasure, must have impacted the brown bear populations in the region. To understand the population history of brown bears in the Central Balkans, within the ARCHAEOWILD project (funded by the Science Fund of Serbia) we conducted a genetic study of ancient brown bears in this region for the first time. The study of mitogenomes of brown bears revealed three known European subclades in the dataset from the Central Balkans, with the addition of a new haplogroup not previously discovered elsewhere. We will use the obtained archaeogenetic data from diachronic and regional perspectives to discover the possible trends of brown bear population changes. Furthermore, we will link the genetic dataset with specific archaeological contexts, as well as taphonomic features of the bones, which tell individual stories about human-bear interactions. We believe that the results regarding the past populations can stimulate current conservation efforts in the management of brown bears.30th EAA Annual Meeting Rome, Italy 28th – 31st August 2024, Saopštenje sa međunarodnog skupa štampano u
izvod