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Concepts of Nationalism and Patriotism in the Political Discourse of the Serbian Middle Ages: A Theoretical Approach
No full textУ раду је дат преглед теоријских погледа на средњовековно порекло појмова нације и патриотизма код Срба. Указано је на њихову непосредну везу са успостављањем меморија светих заштитника отачаства и са
процесима креирања колективног идентитета. Светитељска прослављања
„краљева и арехиепископа српских“ – одраз спреге духовне и световне власти, налазила су потпору у литургијском обреду, али су оставила трага и у
историјским изворима, посебно хагиографским списима.The primary aim of this paper is to provide a survey of theoretical positions on
the emergence of the concepts of nationalism and patriotism. These concepts are
important not only because they are currently employed both in public discourse
and in historical research: it is our view that the varying significance accorded
them at different times, in historical writing and even more so in popular representations and political life, may lead us to a clearer understanding of the relationship between collective memory and constructed identities. As our point of view is that of a medievalist, it seemed natural to return to the beginnings, that is
to the medieval roots of these concepts. They have to do with the question how
the full-fledged idea of the nation was formed, i.e. with the role of proto-national
communities in the process of shaping national identity.
As the Serbian, predominantly hagiographic material presented in the paper clearly shows, the concepts that crucially influenced how the idea of the Serbian nation gradually emerged are already adumbrated at the time of the first
Nemanjićs, above all in the work of St. Sava. We have chosen to illustrate this
process by concentrating on the development of two concepts of paramount importance.
The first concept, found at the very beginning of the Nemanjić dynasty (the
end of the 12th and the first decade of the 13th century), is the notion of the love
for fatherland. It appears as the medieval precursor and functional equivalent
of the feeling of patriotism. The love for fatherland is founded on the notion of
homeland: it presupposes belonging to a complex entity the elements of which
are (a) a territory with shifting borders, (b) a common (Serbian) language and
(c) the awareness of the „beginnings“ that mark the sanctity of the founder of the
dynasty. The second concept, which we meet for the first time in the work of the
famous hagiographer, the Athonite monk Domentian (mid-thirteenth century), is
the notion of Serbs as a chosen people. The Serbian state is understood as a New
Israel led by a holy dynasty whose sanctity is transmitted to the entire Serbian
people. Formulated in this way, the idea of Serbs as God’s chosen should be seen
as crucial to the development of the Serbian proto-nation.
It follows from the above that the roots of the concepts of nationalism and
patriotism, which are the focus of our research, should be traced back, in the Serbian case, to three definite elements. The first is the idea of a holy founder, as the
beginning of a holy lineage/dynasty. The second is the idea of fatherland, which
includes a series of complex messages that can be summed up in the notion of
patriotism. The third is the idea of a chosen people, enjoying heavenly protection, which is guaranteed to the flock of Saint Simeon by the pantheon of Serbian
saints, a powerful basis for the further development of the Serbian national ideal.• Конференција „Концепти национализма и патриотизма у српском политичком дискурсу – Средњи век, нови век, савремено доба“, Филозофски факултет Универзитета у Београду 30. и 31. маја 2024. - Саопштења штампана у целин
The Shifting Policies of Exhibiting Conceptual Art from Yugoslavia Abroad: The Case of the 1976 Venice Biennale
No full textFor the 37th edition of the Venice Biennale in 1976, organized under the newly
established, politically left‑wing leadership of President Carlo Ripa di Meana and the Director of the
Visual Arts Section, Vittorio Gregotti, the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia presented for the
first time an exhibition of recent conceptual art practices in the national pavilion. The preparation
process of the exhibition became the subject of a rather controversial chain of events, including
the censorship by the Yugoslav authorities of original proposal to present the country’s earliest
and most radical conceptual art practices, which led to the withdrawal of Yugoslav participation
in Venice. As a result, the representatives of the Venice Biennale sent a note of protest to Yugoslav
President Josip Broz Tito, whereupon the exhibition was realized in the Yugoslav Pavilion, albeit
with a compromise solution regarding the original curatorial concept. During the same period,
however, Yugoslavia officially participated in other international biennials, such as the São Paulo
and Paris Biennials, where the exhibitions showing the latest positions in conceptual art were
not subject to censorship or similar political interventions. This article presents and analyzes
the ambivalent Yugoslav institutional and exhibition policies at the biennials in the 1970s, with a
focus on Yugoslav participation in the 1976 Venice Biennale
Exploring the sociogenesis of identity by integrating big story and small story narrative research: a step-by-step methodological guide
No full textThis paper proposes an integrated epistemological and methodological approach to narrative identity research that leverages the strengths of big story and small story traditions. We outline the study design for researching the dynamics between micro-social identity processes and stabilized identity positions. We suggest sampling dyads and gathering data regarding the unresolved experience in two main phases: individual interviews and interactions. A binocular approach to analysis of contrasted individual stories and negotiation is advanced, in which narrative and discursive resources are utilized to trace the identity co-construction. The data analysis in each of the two phases is organized through three levels, illustrated with an example: preparatory work, core analysis, and higher-order interpretation. Highlighting the the interconnectedness between motivational-emotional and identity processes, our framework offers a dynamic, processual, and contextual approach to narrative identity co-construction. Suggested design moves us toward bridging the individual/social divide that is persistently reproduced in psychological theory and research
Ponovo angažovani? Istraživanje novih političkih mobilizacija u Srbiji
No full textIn recent years, we have witnessed the advancement of political disaffection and disengagement processes across nearly all European countries. Research indicates that this trend is also present in Serbia (Petrović & Stanojević, 2020). Findings from a 2018 study (Pešić et al., 2021) reveal a relatively low level of external and internal political efficacy among Serbian citizens, a low level of institutional trust, and moderate levels of political participation compared to other European societies. Building on these findings, this study aims to examine whether, five years later (2023), there have been changes in the level of protest-related political participation among Serbian citizens. The hypothesis underpinning this inquiry is that new forms of political mobilizations, involving emerging issues, such as environmental risks or pleas against violence, and a higher degree of emotional engagement, have led to an increased willingness among citizens to engage in direct political action. The analysis is conducted on the European Social Survey data (rounds 9 and 11), drawing on descriptive methods.Tokom proteklih godina svedočili smo napredovanju dezangažmana
i otklona od politike u gotovo svim evropskim zemljama. Istraživanja ukazuju
da je sličan trend prisutan i u Srbiji (Petrović & Stanojević, 2020). Kada je reč o
građanima Srbije, nalazi iz 2018. godine (Pešić et al., 2021) upućuju na relativno
nizak stepen interne i eksterne političke efikasnosti, nizak stepen institucionalnog
poverenja i umeren intenzitet političke participacije u odnosu na građane drugih
evropskih zemalja.
Polazeći od pomenutih nalaza, cilj ove studije je da ispita da li je, pet godina kasnije (2023), došlo do promena u stepenu protestne participacije građana Srbije.
Hipoteza koja je u osnovi ovog istraživanja je da su novi oblici političkih mobilizacija, koji uključuju povode poput ekoloških rizika ili apele protiv nasilja, i veći
stepen emocionalnog angažovanja, doveli do povećane spremnosti građana da se
uključe u direktnu političku akciju.
Analiza je sprovedena na podacima Evropskog društvenog istraživanja (runde 9 i
11) i počiva na deskriptivnim metodama.International Scientific Conference "New Divisions, Struggles and Solidarities in South East Europe", Belgrade, June 13-14. 202
Ancient genome from Central Balkans reveals genetic substructure within populations associated with the Gravettian culture
No full textA human mandibular fragment, Kozja 1, was excavated in 2020 from the Upper Pleistocene deposits of Kozja Cave, located near Majdanpek in eastern Serbia. The specimen exhibits overall modern human morphology, yet interestingly displays certain features more commonly associated with Neandertals (e.g. horizontal-oval mandibular foramen). It represents a robust adult individual. Kozja 1 was recovered from layer 2a2, in association with Middle Paleolithic artifacts, within a context disturbed by cave bear activity. Radiocarbon dating revealed an age of 32,080–31,550 cal BP at 95% probability, suggesting an association with the Gravettian culture, remains of which were found in layer 1c3, as well as in the adjacent Mala Cave. Before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), two genetically distinct groups associated with Gravettian occupied Europe between 33,000 and 26,000 years before present [1]. One of these groups include eastern and southern European sites in modern-day Czechia, Austria and Italy and was named “Vestonice cluster” after the Dolní Věstonice site [1,2]. The second is the “Fournol cluster”, and consists of western European sites in present-day France and Spain [1]. Eastern Gravettian ancestry represented by the Vestonice cluster was previously not found in the post-LGM populations [1]. By analyzing ancient DNA from the Kozja 1 specimen, we assigned it to a male individual who carried mitochondrial DNA haplogroup U5, which is highly common in Late Paleolithic and Mesolithic hunter-gatherers and already observed in Gravettian-associated individuals [1]. The Y-chromosome haplogroup of Kozja 1 is C1a2, also found in other individuals associated with the Vestonice cluster. At the autosomal level, Kozja 1 grouped with other eastern Gravettian individuals, while having the highest genetic similarity with Vestonice 43. Together, these two individuals represent a genetic subcluster distinct from the main group in Dolní Věstonice, which includes Vestonice 162, Vestonice 132, DV14 (DLV005)1,2, DV15 (DLV006) [1,2], as well as another Gravettian individual from Austria (Austria_Krems1_14). The Kozja 1-Vestonice 43 subcluster is also genetically more distant to individuals associated with the Gravettian culture found in southern Italy, such as Paglicci 121 and Ostuni 2. Using various f4-statistics, we show that several post-LGM Epigravettian-associated individuals from the Italian Peninsula show significantly higher affinity to the Kozja 1-Vestonice 43, than to other Gravettian individuals across Europe. Our findings indicate that there may have been genetic exchange between the Kozja 1-Vestonice 43 subcluster and the Epigravettian-associated population (Villabruna cluster) that settled the Italian Peninsula following the LGM beginning around 20,000 years ago [2]. This post-LGM population likely migrated from the Balkans westward to the Italian Peninsula. During this movement, they might have encountered the descendants of the Kozja 1-Vestonice 43 group on the Balkan Peninsula, and continued their westward spread after the genetic exchange between the two groups. The presented results make Kozja 1 the oldest modern human genome from the central Balkans, providing insight into the population structure of eastern Gravettians, as well as their relationships to the human groups that populated large parts of Europe after the LGM.15th Annual Meeting of the European Society for the Study of Human Evolution, September 25th to 27th, 2025. Paris, France, Poster Presentation Number 143, Session 2, Friday 14:00 - 15:3
Multiproxy study reveals equality in the deposition of flaked lithic grave goods from the Baltic Stone Age cemetery Zvejnieki (Latvia)
No full textThe Stone Dead Project carried out analysis of the flaked lithic assemblages from
burial contexts at Zvejnieki cemetery, Latvia. Zvejnieki (c. 7500−2500 cal. BC) represents
one of the largest Stone Age burial grounds in Europe, consisting of over 330
burials containing 350 individuals. Using a multiproxy approach, combining geological,
technological, functional, spatial and depositional context information, we compare
the biographies of lithic grave goods with biographical information (age, sex) of
the humans they accompany. Results show gender equality in lithic offerings whilst
children are the age group most frequently given lithic grave goods. Certain typologies
appear to have carried particular significance and were possibly made, and
sometimes broken, as part of funerary rituals. The implications of these and other
findings are discussed and placed within their broader archaeological context
“Compiling Vices, Curating Hell, and Sinners on Display: Museological and Encyclopedic Readings of Trecento and Quattrocento Hell Scenes”
No full textThis paper examines trecento and quattrocento depictions of hell from a museological perspective, interpreting the painted hell as a distinct type of collection that operates meaningfully in both contemporary and historical contexts. Sinners—framed as objects within this infernal assemblage—serve as documents of the social and moral realities from which they originated, sharing the documentary value of modern museum exhibits. The paper explores the mechanisms and rationale behind their selection, classification, grouping, and presentation, arguing that the choice of depicted sinners largely mirrors the sevenfold scheme of deadly sins. Since the capital sins were seen as the root of all others, these infernal scenes take on an encyclopedic and microcosmic character, employing a diagrammatic visual logic typical of late medieval and early modern systems for ordering knowledge. The paper proposes that hell functioned as a cabinet of moral curiosities, shaped by a unique hamartiological framework and characterized by careful and systematic processes of selection, classification, and organization, testifying to the encyclopedic ambitions of early modern collecting practices
The natural and cultural history of brown bears in the Central Balkans as reconstructed through archaeological data and ancient DNA
No full textThe brown bear (Ursus arctos L.) is an iconic megafauna species that survived the Late Pleistocene extinction. Historically, it has been widespread throughout Europe; however, human activities have led to its extirpation in many regions. In the Central Balkans, present-day Serbia, the brown bear is strictly protected. Extensive faunal collections from Holocene archaeological sites in the region revealed that brown bears were regularly hunted throughout (pre)history, suggesting that they were long-term residents of the local forests. However, the spread of agriculture, large-scale deforestation, and human expansion have significantly altered the natural habitats of bears. To better understand how these changes affected Holocene brown bears from Serbia, we conducted a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis and obtained 34 complete mitogenomes. We detected not only all three known European mtDNA lineages but also a new haplogroup that has not yet been described. This suggests that the genetic diversity was much higher in the past. The greatest diversity was found in Viminacium, an important Roman site with a large amphitheatre where bears participated in spectacles, suggesting that this diversity may have resulted from intensive trading and the translocation of brown bears by humans. Our results showed that changes in mtDNA diversity over time were not only due to environmental changes but also by human expansion and activities. Future analyses of ancient and modern nuclear DNA will improve the current conservation efforts in the management of brown bears in the Balkans.Rad je pezentovan na konferenciji Annual Meeting of the Society for Molecular Biology & Evolution, 20-24 July, Beijing, China i štampan je u izvodu, ali je naveden samo autor koji je prezentovao rad. Rad se nalazi na 510 strani
https://www.ezices.cn/smbe2025/files/SMBE_2025_Abstract_Book.pd
Kant's Middle Ground in Natural History
No full textU literaturi koja Kantovu teoriju rase smešta u kontekst tadašnjih
rasprava u okviru prirodne istorije (Naturgeschichte) postoji neslaganje oko toga da li je treba okarakterisati kao varijantu epigeneze
ili preformacionizma. Tvrdiću da Kantova teorija rase zapravo predstavlja srednji put između ove dve oprečne teorije razvoja organizama.
Sa jedne strane, Kant je tvrdio da se u „klicama“ (Keime) kriju svi
potencijali ljudskog bića, te da su rasne razlike među ljudima posledica sredinskih faktora koji utiču na to koje će se konkretne „prirodne predispozicije“ (Anlagen) aktualizovati, što govori u prilog tezi
da njegova teorija sadrži bitne principe epigeneze. Sa druge strane,
Kantovo dosledno insistiranje na monogenizmu, odnosno biološkom jedinstvu ljudske vrste, kao i uverenje da svaka biološka vrsta
potiče iz sopstvenog „filuma“ (Stamm), potvrđuje njegovo oslanjanje na fundamentalne principe preformacionizma.
Međutim, posebnost Kantovog pristupa izučavanju prirode ljudskih
bića ogleda se u uverenju da je razvoj prirodnih predispozicija uvek
teleološki ustrojen, što njegovu biološku teoriju čini potencijalno relevantnom za njegovo shvatanje istorije i napretka čovečanstva. S
tim u vezi, u izlaganju ću se osvrnuti ne samo na najvažnije osobenosti Kantovog shvatanja rase, već i na bitnu distinkciju između istorije
prirode i deskripcije prirode.
Imajući u vidu činjenicu da se Kantovo rešenje mnogih disciplinarnih
sporova u filozofiji može okarakterisati kao srednji put, smatram da
je teza prema kojoj je Kant načinio sintezu epigeneze i preformacionizma u potpunosti konzistentna sa kritičkom usmerenošću njegovog filozofskog sistema.In the literature situating Kant’s theory of race within the context
of eighteenth-century debates in natural history (Naturgeschichte),
scholars disagree on whether it should be understood as a version
of epigenesis or of preformationism. I argue that Kant’s account of
race occupies a middle ground between these two opposing theories of organism development.
On the one hand, Kant claimed that all human potentials are contained within the “germs” (Keime), and that racial differences
among human beings result from environmental factors determining which “natural predispositions” (Anlagen) become actualized,
suggesting that his theory incorporates key principles of epigenesis.
On the other hand, Kant’s consistent commitment to monogenism,
that is, to the biological unity of the human species, as well as his
view that each biological species originates from its own “phylum”
(Stamm), demonstrates his reliance on the fundamental principles
of preformationism.
However, the distinctiveness of Kant’s approach to the study of human nature lies in his conviction that the development of natural
predispositions is always teleologically organized, making his biological theory potentially relevant to his understanding of history and
the progress of humanity. In this context, I will address not only the
main features of Kant’s understanding of race, but also the crucial
distinction between natural history and the description of nature.
Given that Kant’s solutions to many disciplinary debates in philosophy can be characterized as a middle ground, I believe that his
synthesis of epigenesis and preformationism in his theory of race
is fully consistent with the critical orientation of his philosophical
system.Konferencija se organizuje u okviru projekta Nauka i njeni filozofski
aspekti u savremenom balkanskom prostoru – ideja naučne
integracije, koji finansira Ministarstvo prosvjete, nauke i inovacija
Crne Gore
The conference is organized as part of the project Science and
Its Philosophical Aspects in the Modern Balkan Area - the Idea
of Scientific Integration, financed by the Ministry of Education,
Science and Innovation of Montenegr
ǂThe ǂconcept of "family complex" in the contemporary psychoanalytical theory of subject development
No full textКорени појма комплекс могу се пронаћи у разним научним дисциплинама, при чему је исти карактеристичан за свакодневни говор. Ипак, место је пронашао у окриљу психоанализе С. Фројда, а популарност у аналитичкој психологији К. Г. Јунга. Међутим, од самог почетка се овај термин у психоанализи употребљавао недоследно, уз понеке контроверзе. Будући да Едипов комплекс представља једну од окосница психоаналитичке теорије, циљ доктората био је да препозна значај и значења која су комплекси имали у Фројдовим радовима, и укаже на даље правце њиховог развоја. Приступ је захтевао познавање принципа савремене философске херменеутике. Најкориснији допринос представљала су схватања П. Рикера, а вештина тумачења подразумевала је осврт на елементе такозваног херменеутичког лука, од дистанцијације до апропријације. Вишеструко читање Фројдових текстова омогућило је препознавање структуре три дискурса у оквиру којих се појам комплекс разуме, то су асоцијативни, релациони, и социјални. Дакле, у тези се расправља о специфичном значењу појма комплекс унутар споменутих дискурса, као и импликацијама оваквог омеђавања појма за теорију и праксу. Три дискурса се могу препознати и у савременој психоаналитичкој теорији, а конвергирају у радовима Ж. Лакана. Разумевање појма комплекс унутар Лаканове теорије захтевало је поновни улазак у дијалог са усвојеном интерпретацијом о дискурсима и критички приступ разумевању његове ране дефиниције комплекса помоћу које је одредио три породична комплекса (одбијање од дојке, интрузија, Едипов). Разматрање Лакановог каснијег схватања Едиповог комплекса као релационе структуре настале у процесу дијалектике празнине омогућило је ре-интерпретацију преостала два рана комплекса и препознавање њиховог доприноса потпунијем разумевању значења појма комплекс у психоанализи.The term complex can be found in various scientific disciplines while also characteristic of everyday speech. Nevertheless, it found its rightful place within S. Freud’s psychoanalysis and gained popularity in C. G. Jung’s analytical psychology. However, the term has always been used inconsistently in psychoanalysis, accompanied by controversies. Since the Oedipus complex represents one of the cornerstones of psychoanalysis, this thesis aimed to recognize the relevance and meanings the term complex had in Freud’s works and the directions of its further development. The approach required familiarity with the principles of contemporary philosophical hermeneutics. P. Ricoeur’s ideas contributed valuably, pointing out that the interpretation involves elements of the hermeneutic arc, from distanciation to appropriation. Multiple readings of Freud’s texts identified the structure of three discourses explaining the concept of the complex: associative, relational, & social. Thus, the thesis discusses the particular meaning of the term complex within these discourses, as well as the implications for theory and practice. These discourses are recognized in contemporary psychoanalysis and converge in J. Lacan’s works. Understanding the term complex in Lacan’s theory required re-engagement in dialogue with the adopted interpretation and a critical approach to his early definition of complex, through which he identified three family complexes (weaning, intrusion, Oedipal). Examining Lacan’s later understanding of the Oedipus complex as a relational structure emerging through the dialectic of lack allowed for a reinterpretation of the other two complexes and recognition of their contribution to a comprehensive understanding of the meaning that the term complex holds in psychoanalysis