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The geography of Serbia
Get PDFThe manuscript represents a review of the monograph publication entitled The Geography of Serbia, published by the Geographical Institute "Jovan Cvijic SASA in Belgrade. The aim of the review is to present this significant book to the scientific community, which gathered fifty-six, mainly young researchers who courageously accepted to write the study of special national importance, and include a vast geographical material from physical geography, human geography and related disciplines into a unique whole
Upotrebna vrednost prostora predškolskih ustanova kao element socio-demografskog razvoja
Get PDFThe aim of the paper is a critical sociological analysis of the space of preschool institutions and the design the capacity of the space of preschool institutions, in accordance with the norms proposed within the European social model and the Master Plan of Belgrade. In accordance with the model assumptions, the practice of recommended norms is expected to produce transformational potential by initiating a chain of positive changes, starting with the elimination of systemic risks through decommodification of care for preschool children and production of politically correct space of higher use value, through increasing the coverage of the preschool contingent by state primary schools, to a favorable impact on stimulating birth. Paper Subject -use value of preschool institutions in Serbia, and the Belgrade municipalities Zvezdara and Savski Venac. Statistical analysis, preschool institutions spatial capacity analysis, comparative method, critical analysis were the analysis used in this paper. The following indicators were used to measure the use value of preschool institutions space: percentage of children attending preschools in Serbia, percentage of children attending preschools according to the type of preschool ownership, percentage of children attending public preschools, compliance of the available space in public preschools in the municipalities of Zvezdara and Savski Venac with the valid norms. The final section contains a proposal of spatial capacities which are believed to have sufficient transformational potential, for the purposes of initiating the positive chain of changes in the direction of sustainable social and demographic development.Cilj rada je kritička sociološka analiza i osmišljavanje kapaciteta prostora predškolskih ustanova u saglasnosti sa normama predloženim u okviru evropskog socijalnog modela i Generalnog urbanističkog plana Beograda. U skladu sa pretpostavkama modela, očekuje se da praktikovanje preporučenih normi produkuje transformacioni potencijal i inicira lanac pozitivnih promena, počevši od eliminacije sistemskih rizika kroz dekomodifikaciju brige o predškolskoj deci i proizvodnju politički korektnog prostora predškolskih ustanova više upotrebne vrednosti, preko povećanja obuhvata predškolskog kontingenta državnim predškolskim ustanovama, do povoljanog uticaja na podsticanje rađanja. Predmet rada je upotrebna vrednost predškolskih ustanova u Srbiji i beogradskim opštinama Zvezdara i Savski venac. U radu se primenjuju sledeće metode istraživanja: statistička analiza, analiza prostornih kapaciteta predškolskih ustanova, komparativni metod, kritička analiza. Za merenje upotrebne vrednosti prostora predškolskih ustanova korišćeni su sledeći pokazatelji: obuhvat dece predškolskim sistemom u Srbiji, obuhvat dece predškolskim ustanovama prema tipu svojine, obuhvat dece državnim predškolskim ustanovama i usklađenost raspoloživog prostora u državnim predškolskim ustanovama opština Zvezdara i Savski venac sa važećim normama. U završnom delu, dat je predlog prostornih kapaciteta za koje se smatra da bi mogao imati dovoljan transformacioni potencijal za iniciranje lanca pozitivnih promena u smeru održivog socijalnog i demografskog razvoja
Kosovska mitrovica as two parallel cities in the twenty-first century
No full textAfter the war in 1999, Kosovska Mitrovica located in the north of Kosovo, became a part of the group of politically and ethnically divided cities. The process of division began in June 1999 when Serbs from the parts located south of the Ibar River were forced to flee. In the following years, antagonism between local Albanians and Serbs intensified. Since 2000, the northern part of Kosovska Mitrovica and later the whole municipality has been developing rapidly, becoming an administrative, educational and cultural centre for the Serbian community in Kosovo. In accordance with arrangements of the Brussels Agreement (2013), two municipalities and two settlements emerged: North Mitrovica with Serb majority and South Mitrovica with Albanian majority. The Ibar River is a natural boundary of the two cities. This study deals with the causes and the consequences of the splitting of Kosovska Mitrovica, which has been developing into two separate (parallel) cities since the beginning of the twenty-first century. Spatial divisions of post-war development of the Kosovska Mitrovica’s urban space are discussed in their symbolic, ethno-demographic and institutional dimensions
Razvoj gradskog turizma u okvirima savremene urbanizacije i globalizacije
Get PDFThe urbanization and globalization phenomenon's are the most dynamic processes of the modern world. As inevitable, pervasive and irreversible processes, they have a broad and important impact on every day's life of societies. Subsequently, the effects of urbanization and globalization on the transformation of existing and the emergence of new touristic objectives in cities have become the topic of scientific debates in recent period. Given that the issue of urban tourism has become relevant during the last three decades, the impact of these processes on the transformation of existing and the emergence of new tourist objectives in urban areas is an unavoidable field of scientific interest. The crucial differences between tourist cities in highly developed and developing countries, as well as between large cities and small towns, further complicate the perception of the complex impacts of urbanization and globalization processes on the phenomenon of urban tourism. These specifics are the main aspects of the development of urban tourism that will be discussed in this paper.Fenomeni urbanizacije i globalizacije su najdinamičnije crte savremene civilizacije. Kao takvi predstavljaju neizbežne, sveprožimajuće i irevirzibilne procese modernizacije čije se posledice odražavaju u svim sferama društvenog života. Sa obzirom na to da je problematika gradskog turizma aktuelizovana tokom poslednje tri decenije, uticaj navedenih procesa na preobražaj postojećih i nastanak novih turističkih obrazaca u urbanim sredinama predstavlja nezaobilazno polje naučnog interesovanja. Postojanje suštinskih razlika između turističkih gradova u visokorazvijenim i zemljama u razvoju, kao i na relaciji veliki - Mali turistički gradovi, dodatno usložnjava sagledavanje kompleksnih uticaja urbanizacionih i globalizacionih procesa na fenomen gradskog turizma. Navedene specifičnosti predstavljaju glavne aspekte sagledavanja razvoja gradskog turizma koji će biti obuhvaćeni ovim radom
Roma Inner Migration Tradition Between Social Inclusion and the Protection of Natural Resources
Get PDFUsing the existing knowledge about the social and cultural characteristics of the Roma in Serbia, possible connection between Roma population and preserving of natural resources was established. This analysis acquired in social and other related studies, as well as the data obtained through the GIS (geographical information system) methodology, was used for determining the spatial distribution of Roma settlements and activities of the Roma community in the space. The Toplica District has one of the high percentages of Roma population and their daily migrations. This article investigates the possibility to raise the level of their economic activity and social integration, while simultaneously preserving natural resources and improving environmental safety. With the specific GIS, and numerical and sociology analysis, we try to address main problems in the District, hoping to find a connection between inner migration of Roma and better preservation of nature
The credibility of illegal and informal construction: Assessing legalization policies in Serbia
Get PDFThis paper explores the legalization of mass illegal and informal construction (IIC) in Serbia (with particular reference to the city of Belgrade). It analyzes the credibility of the socialist and post-socialist institutional frameworks on IIC predicated upon the "credibility thesis" - an evolutionary understanding of institutions and their path-dependent development. In the empirical analysis, the measures of state policies were interpreted, assessed, and summarized in accordance with the Credibility Scales and Intervention (CSI) checklist. During the 1960s, a restrictive urban policy and the impossibility of the socialist model to provide affordable residential space due to fast urbanization, IIC consequently became an alternative method for meeting housing needs. In the 1990s, the socialist development model was transformed into one that was post-socialist. A new wave of IIC ensued due to the privatization of land-use and tenancy rights, and its vast scale has been a key driver for accommodating flows of immigrants after the break-up of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. During this period, the Serbian State stimulated policies that are more credible to facilitate, formalize, and condone IIC. It is concluded that IIC in Serbia cannot be fully averted while legalization policies have, to date, been unsuccessful and non-credible
A water quality assessment based on benthic diatoms of the Timok river basin (eastern Serbia) under multiple anthropogenic pressures
Get PDFThe study is focused on diatom communities as indicators of the water quality of aquatic ecosystems. The study included watercourses of the Timok River Basin in eastern Serbia. Sampling of algological material and physicochemical measurements were conducted at 30 locations in September 2016. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) showed that conductivity had an effect on the spatial variability of the diatom communities. At locations under influence of acid mine drainage along the Borska river, its tributaries and the Timok river, the diversity of benthic diatoms decreased and the abundance of metal tolerant taxa Achnanthidium minutissimum, Nitzschia capitellata and Nitzschia palea increased. Our study revealed that the combined effect of different pollutants significantly impacted on diatom assemblages; diatoms are good bioindicators of multiple pressures; and diatom indices with different types of pollution, may show an unreliable picture of the actual state, therefore, biological and physico-chemical parameters should also be observed when interpreting the results of a solely diatom-based assessment of the ecological condition of freshwaters
Informacioni potencijal kartografske vizuelizacije turističkih vrednosti
Get PDFSavremena informaciona tehnologija omogućava kreativne načine kartografskog prikaza komponenata geoprostora. U procesu planiranja i korišćenje prostora kao osnovnog turističkog resursa, a u sklopu održivog razvоја, neophodno je integrisanje turizma i politike upravljanja lokalnim razvojem. Time se postiže vizija željenog pravca razvoja turizma u sklopu ukupnog ekonomskog, društvenog, kulturnog i ekološkog razvoja lokalne zajednice. Kartografskа
vizuelizacijа realnog i virtuelnog geografskog prostora ima podsticajni efekat nа razvoj turizmа.
Interesovanja globalnog, otvorenog društva bez granica i veliki protok turista zahteva namenske kartografske proizvode. Karta kao izvor racionalisanih informacija o fenomenima stvarnog
sveta predstavlja podršku razvoju turizma. Izrada interaktivnih karata sa pratećim multimedijalnim efekatima, uticaj Interneta i korišćenja aplikacija mobilnih telefona u turističke svrhe,
omogućava da se integrišu heterogeni izvori informacija u jedinstven proizvod. Interaktivnost
i multimedija omogućava: proširivanje tema i sadržaja turističkih karata, atraktivni prikaz i
potrebnu detaljnost turističkog sadržaja. Diverzifikacija kartografskog prikaza, primenom multimedije, omogućava se kroz kreiranje 3D modela, animacije i modela virtuelne i proširene stvarnosti. Time se proširuje značaj turistučkih karata i na delatnost procene i prognoze turističkog
razvoja, različite prostorne pokrivenosti - od globalnog preko regionalnog do lokalnog nivoa.
Statička 2D karta prelaskom u trodimenzionalnu vizuelizaciju geopodataka i geovirtuelno
okruženje, sa orijentacijom i navigacijom proširuje razumevanje geoprostora. Pored izrade
karata za turiste, neophodne su i karte koje su namenjene planiranju i regulisanju razvoja
turističkih aktivnosti. Time se obezbeđuju prikazi potencijala i perspektiva turističkog razvoja kartirane regije, lokalne zajednice i dr. Kartografska vizuelizacija sa interaktivno koordinisanim višeslojnim prikazom prostornih informacija, omogućava korisnicima perceptivne i
kognitivne postupke pri analitičkom rezonovanju. Konteksti rešavanja problema pri planiranju i uređenju prostora zahtevaju vizuelizaciju geopodataka objedinjenih iz različitih izvora,
formata, unakrsnih filtriranja, isticanja izbora, vremenskih perioda, načina dizajniranja i dr.
Istraživačke i aplikativne potrebe vizije budućih ishoda, na osnovu raspoloživih prostornih
podataka, zahtevaju usmerene metode interaktivnosti karata, koje bi omogućile korisnicima
da dinamički menjaju vizuelni prikaz geografskih informacija.Urednici: Aleksandar Đorđević, Dejan Filipović, Miroslav Mari
Bigar - zaštićeno prirodno dobreo ili potencijalni građevinski materijal?
No full textBigar (siga, sedra) je karbonatna stena koja se izlučuje iz vodenih rastvora koji nose kalcijum bikarbonat. Ova hemijska sedimentna stena se stvara iz hladnih slatkih voda na mestima gde je vegetacija (predstavljena najčešće mahovinama) bujna. Struktura bigra je kristalasta, a tekstura šupljikava. Kako se, zbog prirode taloženja, bigar uglavnom stvara oko vodopada, često sem prirodne, poseduje i estetsku vrednost. Zbog male tvrdine, bigar se lako lomi i obrađuje, a kada su mu šupljine zatvorene, dobar je i izolator zvuka i toplote. Od bigra su izgrađene mnoge tvrđave, manastiri i drugi gradjevinski objekti. Upotreba bigra kao građevinskog materijala bila je gotovo tradicionalna u srednjem veku na spomenicima raškog stila. Bigar je takođe značajan sa stanovišta rekonstrukcije paleoklime i sredine taloženja. Sa druge strane, dobar deo bigrenih akumulacija ima potencijal da bude uvršten u spomenike prirode, a neke od njih već jesu (bigrena akumulacija Beli izvorac, bigrena akumulacija kod manastira Tumane ... ). Dakle, na jednoj strani imamo bigar kao spomenik prirode, zaštićeno dobro koje ne bi trebalo eksploatisati, uništavati, niti na bilo koji način menjati. Na drugoj strani je uvek prisutna potreba za resursima (u ovom slučaju, građevinskim kamenom), što podrazumeva eksploataciju i narušavanje životne sredine. Cilj ovog rada je da razmotri kada je eksploatacija bigra opravdana, a kada nije.Urednici: Miško Milanović, Tin Lukić, Miljan Ilić, Vojislav Deđansk
Ptice Đerdapa - resurs za razvoj ekoturizma
No full textNacionalni park Đerdap karakteriše visok stepen biodiverziteta uopšte, ali i velika raznovrsnost ptica. S obzirom na to da savremeni trendovi u razvoju turizma sve veću pažnju usmeravaju ka održivim alternativnim vidovima turizma, ptice Đerdapa sa svojim diverzitetom i različitim stepenom zaštite javljaju se kao solidna osnova za razvoj ekoturizma. S tim u vezi, osnovni cilj rada je identifikacija najugroženijih vrsta ptica koje se u Đerdapu javljaju kao zaštićene vrste kako na nacionalnom, tako i na međunarodnom nivou i analiza uslova za razvoj ekoturizma u Đerdapu zasnovanog na posmatranju ptica. Ekoturizam bi na prostoru Đerdapa trebalo da dovede do takvog razvoja turističkog proizvoda koji će omogućiti kvalitetan doživljaj posetilaca i ekonomski razvoj čitavog prostora, uz maksimalno očuvanje životne sredine i kulturnih osobenosti lokalne zajednice.Urednici: Miško Milanović, Tin Lukić, Miljan Ilić, Vojislav Deđansk