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Bioklimatska evaluacija Novog Sada i okoline za potrebe turizma, odmora i rekreacije primenom modela Meneks
Get PDFNovi Sad i njegova okolina zauzimaju značajno mesto u turističkoj ponudi Vojvodine, zahvaljujući obilju prirodnih i kulturnih vrednosti. Novi Sad je centar kulturnog, obrazovnog, city break i manifestacionog turizma, a blizina NP Fruška Gora, Dunava (“Štrand”), Jodna banja i dr. omogućili su razvoj zdravstvenog, izletničkog i kupališnog turizma i drugih vidova rekreacije. Odmor i rekreacija predstavljaju jednu od osnovnih funkcija savremenog društva, a potrebe gradskog stanovništva za rekreacijom su sve veće. Cilj rada je izvršiti bioklimatsko vrednovanje Novog Sada i okoline primenom bioklimatskog modela Meneks. Koristeći dnevne meteo-podatke odredili smo termofiziološki bioklimatski indeks subjektivnih temperatura. Akcenat je stavljen na letnji period godine (jun, jul i avgust) kada su obim i frekvencija turističkih i rekreativnih kretanja na području ovog grada najintezivniji i najmasovniji. Želimo ukazati na značaj bioklimatskih analiza koje se temelje na dnevnim temperaturama, a koje mogu poslužiti prilikom planiranja i upravljanja urbanim predelom, posebno za potrebe unapređenja i razvoja gradskih funkcija poput turizma, odmora i rekreacije.Urednici: Dejan Filipović, Velimir Šećerov, Slavoljub Dragićević, Zoran Radosavljevi
Projekcije domacinstava metodom stopa nosilaca domacinstva: primer srbije
Get PDFThe headship rates method (HRM) of household projections based on the share of household heads in the total population of the same demographic characteristics (age, sex, nationality, marital status, etc.) is the most commonly used method, especially by statistical institutes and planning institutions. The specific rates of household heads by age are calculated by dividing the number of household hold-ers of a certain age with the total number of residents of the appropriate age. The future number of households is then simply projected on the basis of population projections by age and assumptions about the future changes of HR. The HRM is based on the projection of the future age structure of the population. In that sense, the choice of methods of population projection, as well as the meth-od of projecting HR-s have determining impact on the outcome of household projections. Given the methodological inconsistency typical for official popula-tion projections in Serbia and significant differences in addressing uncertainty of the future population change between deterministic and probabilistic approach in making population projections, the decision to use a probabilistic projection of the population of Serbia as the basis for calculating the future number of house-holds and their structure according to the age of the household head proved to be a logical choice. However, as the basic aim of this article is to show the simple method of household projections, the above-mentioned stochastic projection is used in utterly deterministic manner. The median of the prediction interval of the population distributed across age is interpreted as the most probable future, or as a prognosis. The HR-s based on the age structure estimates and estimated number of households by age of the household head from Household budget survey (HBS) are used for the purpose of HR projecting so that the number of observa-tions would be large enough for calculating inclination parameters. The obtained rates show a tendency to decline during the observed period, however, in certain age categories, the rates are expressed by extreme values that are certainly the result of random sampling in the HBS for the purpose of analyzing consumption rather than analyzing the demographic characteristics of households, and must be taken with a certain reserve. Although the tendency of declining rates in most age categories is not unexpected, surely the intensity of decline is unexpected. For this reason, in the formation of the regression function, the extreme values of the rates are intentionally excluded in the following way: after calculating the regres-sion line parameters, all the values of the rates that deviate from the regression values by more than 20 per cent are rejected, after which the regression parame-ters are recalculated. On the basis of the second calculation of the regression line, parameters are obtained. However, as the obtained parameters led to unexpected-ly large HR changes according to the age of the household head until the end of the projection period (2040), it was assumed that the inclination parameter (b) would be reduced by 10 per cent annually compared to the start year of the re-gression line. On the basis of the rates according to the 2011 census data and the hypothesis on the slowdown of the observed trends in the future, future HR-s are calculated. Furthermore, based on the projected HR-s by age and future age struc-ture of the population, the number of households by the age of the household head for the projection years is calculated. Based on the results of the projection, the total number of households will be reduced on average by over 11 thousand households per year. Also, compared to the 2011 census, it can be expected that the number of households in all age groups will be reduced by the end of the projection period, except in the category of household heads aged 65 and over that stabilizes to around 900 thousand households by the end of the projection period. Due to the decline in the number of households, the average household size will be reduced by 0.18 members in 2040 compared to 2011, from 2.89 to 2.71. The largest number of households in Serbia are family households, the share of single person households in the population under the age of 50 is small, and the structural barriers to the establishment of an indigenous household in persons under the age of 30 are significant. All of this makes it difficult to withdraw par-allels with other European populations in terms of a possible path that the popula-tion and households in Serbia should follow in the projection period. Some of the projections of households produced by the HRM of a newer date for populations also found in the post-transition demographic stage show that the age at which the household is based, the mechanisms that affect the generation, change, and extin-guishing of the household, which are characteristic for each society, result in significantly different values of age-specific HR-s. Of course, HR-s by age vary considerably among different populations. It is obvious that the key differences in Serbia in relation to other countries occur precisely at the age when individuals base their own household. The existence of postponing marriages and parenting that is recognized as key life-changing milestones in the transition to adulthood and the founding of one's own household, the chronic lack of systematic housing policy towards young people and high youth unemployment are the main causes of the late establishment of their own household and the maintenance of low HR-s for persons under 30 years of age in Serbia. Nevertheless, during the first dec-ade of the 21st century, there is a certain shift in the financial independence of young people, which gives some hope that in the future HR-s in the category between the ages of 30 and 39 can be slightly increased, which is confirmed on the basis of the sample of households from the HBS for the period 2006-2013. Namely, the tendency of a slight increase in the value of the rate for persons aged between 30 and 39 years is certainly the result of an increase in the age at which the household is based, which can be noticed on the basis of the reduction in rates for persons under the age of 30. On the other hand, a certain decline in the value of the rate characteristic for the households of the holders in their middle age (between 40 and 64 years of age) has an explanation in the increase in number and share of multi-family households in the period 1991-2011, especially in urban areas. During the 1990s, in the conditions of a deep socio-economic crisis, with the continuation in the next decade during the transition of the economic system, in conditions of significant poverty and the phenomenon of the re-traditionalization of partnership arrangements within multi-family households, it is obvious that a significant number of families in the middle of their life cycle lived in within parental households whose carriers are aged 65 and over. In fact, as the increase in the HR-s during the thirtieth year of age is the result of depriva-tion of rates in younger persons, this is, by and large, a rise in rates for persons aged 65 and over due to a reduction in rates among carriers aged between 40 and 64 years. The presented method of household projections is not characterized by methodo-logical sophistication, elegance and precision in reflecting changes in the struc-ture of households according to the family composition and a detailed presenta-tion of changes in the family status of individuals, but it certainly represents an simple way of household projecting according to the age distribution of carriers, the average size and the number of households. It seems that this approach, based on the stability of age-specific rates of household heads, without getting involved in the field of sociology, is quite precise in the medium term, especially given the simplicity in household projecting based on HRM
Anxiety-like behavioural effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field in rats
No full textIn recent years, extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) has received considerable attention for its potential biological effects. Numerous studies have shown the role of ELF-EMF in behaviour modulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of short-term ELF-EMF (50 Hz) in the development of anxiety-like behaviour in rats through change hypothalamic oxidative stress and NO. Ten adult male rats (Wistar albino) were divided in two groups: control group-without exposure to ELF-EMF and experimental group-exposed to ELF-EMF during 7 days. After the exposure, time open field test and elevated plus maze were used to evaluate the anxiety-like behaviour of rats. Upon completion of the behavioural tests, concentrations of superoxide anion (O-2 center dot(-)), nitrite (NO2-, as an indicator of NO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-) were determined in the hypothalamus of the animals. Obtained results show that ELF-EMF both induces anxiety-like behaviour and increases concentrations of O-2 center dot(-) and NO, whereas it did not effect on ONOO- concentration in hypothalamus of rats. In conclusion, the development of anxiety-like behaviour is mediated by oxidative stress and increased NO concentration in hypothalamus of rats exposed to ELF-EMF during 7 days
The remote lab "Nexys 2 FPGA platform" aimed for learning design of digital circuits
No full textThe application of remote lab "Nexys 2 FPGA platform" for learning digital circuits design is described in this paper. The experiment requires installation of Xilinx ISE Design Suite software on students' PCs for designing digital circuits and generating. bit file. There are three ways of designing digital circuits in Xilinx ISE Design Suite software: by programming in VHDL language, by programming in Verilog language or by using schematic diagrams. Working environment of the remote lab consists of Digilent Nexys 2 FPGA platform that is connected with PC. Students connect with the remote lab PC through CEyeClon viewer which also needs to be installed on their PCs together with. Net Framework 4.5. Generated. bit file is loaded through Digilent Adept2 software that is installed on the remote lab PC and used for the FPGA programming. The usage of this experiment enable engineering students to achieve practical experiences and skills for designing and simulating digital circuits using FPGA and to better understand and learn theory of designing digital circuits
Application of the menex model in bioclimatic analaysis of Novi Sad and environment for the purposes of tourism and recreation
Get PDFThe subjects of research are Novi Sad, its immediate surroundings and the bioclimatic conditions prevailing in the given area. As Novi Sad is the administrative, cultural, educational, commercial, economic, health, social and historical center of Vojvodina it has a number of tourist potentials that are conducive to the development of various forms of tourism. The authors want to contribute with this paper to the affirmation of bioclimatic analysis and research using the Menex model in the field of geo-ecological evaluation of the urban landscape for the development and improvement of tourism and recreation as representative city functions. It is necessary to assess with what intensity and howbioclimatic conditions affect health or the psycho-physical state of a man in order to develop climatotherapy, recreation and certain forms of tourism. By applying the Menex model we can obtain an objective perception and data about real bioclimatic impact on the territory of Novi Sad and its surroundings. These can then be used for planning and management of urban areas and development of urban functions. During the research we used the daily meteorological data from 2015 by which thermo bioclimatic indices have been determined: Physiological Subjective Temperature (PST), Heat Load (HL) and Physiological Strain (PhS)
Living on the border: Social indicators of life quality in Srem border region (Vojvodina, Serbia)
Get PDFThis paper presents the results of empirical research on quality of life of rural residents in the border region of Srem. Purpose of this work was to establish attitudes to social factors which determine everyday life of local population, and to establish the general perception of their standard of living. The results presented here are based on statistical analysis in which four types of analysis were applied: descriptive statistical analysis, application of chi-square test, t-test for independent samples and factor analysis of variance ANOVA. In order to determine the significance of differences between groups, post-hoc Scheffe's test was used. The research has come to the conclusion that the population of the border region of Srem is not satisfied with their living standards, and the main issues are unemployment and low income
Инфраструктура у просторном плану Републике Српске
No full textИнфраструктура представља значајан фактор развоја специфичног простора Републике Српске. Њеним присуством (или одсуством) се може сагледати могућност постизања планираних дугорочних активности, превазилажења физичких баријера у простору, усмеравања привредног и социјалног развоја. Присуство, дисперзност, компатибилност и интегрисаност саобраћајне, водопривредне, енергетске и телекомуникационе инфраструктуре, у зависности од вида, може се посматрати уназад од/до античких до данашњих дана, видно одређено империјама које су битисале у предметном простору. Историјски посматрано, може се констатовати да је позитиван тренд изградње капиталне инфраструктуре, присутан у просторним релацијама од локалног, преко регионалног, републичког до континенталног.
Република Српска (РС), као ентитет Босне и Херцеговине, поседује значајне изграђене капацитете крупне инфраструктуре, који су у прошлим временима постојања СФРЈ, фокусирани као изградња капиталне инфраструктуре Социјалистичке Републике Босне и Херцеговине. Млада политичко-територијална јединица РС је уложила респективне напоре у планирању, програмирању, изградњи и одржавању свих видова макро инфраструктуре. Плански искази, у три просторна плана РС, као и Стратегије развоја за све сегменте и видове инфраструктуре, показују озбиљност и одговорност јавних привредних предузећа, политичких и експертних структура РС.
Међутим, током израде трећег по реду ППРС 2015. године, под називом Измене и допуне ППРС, експертним анализама у студијско-аналитичкој документацији су, осим регионалне и демографске диференцијације, уочени суфицити и дефицити инфраструктуре, а нарочито њена просторно-функционална повезаност/условљеност/зависност са инфраструктуром ентитета Федерације БиХ и суседних држава. У раду се дају могућности унапређења и просторно-привредно-социјалног интегрисања простора Републике Српске, што је био основни циљ ППРС, али није, у довољној мери, подржан планским решењима капиталне инфраструктуре.Уредник: Душко Јоји
Refugees and Intermediate Displaced Persons in Zemun Municipality
Get PDFThe municipality of Zemun is Belgrade municipality with highest number
of war-endangered persons. Refugee status or status of internally displaced persons
still have over 8,000 inhabitants of this municipality. Intensive influx of forced migrants
in last decade of XX and at the beginning of XXI century, has led to demographic
and physiognomic changes that were analysed in this work. It has past more
than 20 years since the settlement of first forced migrants, building now settlements
and expending existing ones, and many problems of this endangered community
are resolving slowly or not resolving at all. Among the major problems are unsolved
status issues of refugees and intermediate displaced persons, incomplete integration,
expansion of unplanned and infrastructural unregulated settlements
Spatial and Temporal Variability of Bank Erosion during the Period 1930-2016: Case StudyKolubara River Basin (Serbia)
Get PDFThe fluvial process is characterized by an intense meandering riverbed. The aim of this study was to perform a reconstruction of the lateral migration of a 15 km length of an active meandering river during the period 1930-2016. River morphological changes were analyzed and quantified from cadastral maps and aerial photographs as well as by geodetic survey and GIS. Hydrological characteristics and extreme hydrological events were evaluated in relation to bank erosion rate. The rate of bank erosion was markedly different from the long-term studied meanders, just like in the short-term period. During the 87 years of observation (from 1930 to 2016), the length of the Kolubara River was enlarged by 3.44 km. The average migration rate of the Kolubara River for monitored meanders in the period 1930-2010 was 1.9 myear(-1), while in the period 2010-2016, the average migration rate was 3.3 myear(-1). The rate of bank erosion was more intensive across the entire short-term period than during the longer period, and the maximum annual rate of bank erosion during the period 2010-2016 varied between 0.3 and 11.5 m. It is very likely that in the period from 2010, frequent discharge variations and rapid change of its extreme values caused more intensive bank erosion. These research results will be valuable for river channel management, engineering (soft and hard engineering), and planning purposes (predicting changes in river channel form) in the Kolubara River Basin