2235 research outputs found
Sort by
Planski okvir održivog razvoja turizma na prostoru Đerdapa
Get PDFUsled intenzivne degradacije životne sredine poslednjih decenija, nametnula se potreba da se i turizam poput drugih delatnosti usmeri prema održivom razvoju. Održivi razvoj se javlja kao suštinski preduslov i krajnji cilj efikasne organizacije svake ljudske aktivnosti. Veoma važan mehanizam usmeravanja turizma prema održivosti je njegovo prostorno planiranje, koje treba da bude integralan deo nacionalnog plana ekonomskog i društvenog razvoja, naročito ako se ima u vidu da je prostor ograničeno dobro. Đerdap je prepoznat kao jedno od geografski, privredno i motivski najinteresantnijih područja naše zemlje, pa je jasno da je zbog toga ovaj prostor predmet brojnih planskih i strateških dokumenata, čiji je cilj obezbeđivanje zaštite i održivog korišćenja prirode i kulturnog nasleđa kao osnove za razvoj turizma. Uvidom u PPPPN NP „Đerdap“, Strategiju razvoja turizma Republike Srbije, lokalne strategije ekonomskog i održivog razvoja, master planove i druga dokumenta, uočava se da se turizam prepoznaje kao mehanizam za očuvanje životne sredine na prostoru nacionalnog parka, tj. uvažava ga kao sredstvo za ravnomerni ekološki, socio-kulturni i ekonomski razvoj i održivost Đerdapske turističke regije. Upravo zbog toga, razvoj turizma na ovom prostoru u budućnosti mora odražavati stvarne potrebe i želje subjekata turističke privrede i turista s jedne strane, odnosno prirode s druge, jer koncept održivog turizma podrazumeva partnerstvo svih subjekata koji u njemu učetvuju.Turizam je delatnost koja je u potpunosti zavisna od kvaliteta sredine i ukoliko je pravilno organizovan, može ostvarenim pozitivnim efektima da bude koristan u akcijama zaštite i unapređenja kvaliteta životne sredine.Urednici: Ljubica Duškov, Dušan Risti
Relationship Between Atmospheric Circulation and Temperature Extremes in Montenegro in the Period 1951–2010
No full textPrevious research conducted in Montenegro suggested an increase in maximum and minimum daily temperatures in the last decades, followed by growth of extreme events frequency. This study examines the relationship between temperature and atmospheric circulation fields in Montenegro using 9 WMO-CCL/CLIVAR extreme climatic indices. The data on atmospheric circulation refers to 11 teleconnection patterns analyzed by seasonal timescales. The assessment of the impact of certain teleconnection patterns has shown a significant connection to extreme events in Montenegro. Calculated results showed the strongest impact of EA, MO, WeMO, EAWR and AO during the winter season, while the weaker impact was calculated for NAO and SCAND. The best impact is obtained for EA and AO during spring, while summer temperature variations are connected to EA, AMO, EAWR, SCAND and NAO. The autumn season showed strong connection with EA, SCAND, AMO, EAWR, MO and AO
Procjena podložnosti bujučnim poplavama - studija slučaja - sliv rijeke Ukrine (BiH)
Get PDFTorrential floods are the most frequent natural catastrophic events in the Republic of Srpska (B&H). The main objective of this study is susceptibility assessment to torrential floods in Ukrina River Basin using Index Based Method (IBM) and Flash Flood Potential Method (FFPI), which operates entirely in a GIS environment. The definition and identification of influencing factors for torrential floods was the first step in the process of developing the Torrential Flood Susceptibility Model (TFSM). According to the results of these models, 54.00% and 40.86% of the Ukrina Basin area is in the categories of strong and very strong susceptibility to torrential floods. The second task was to identify the torrential basins and create the Register and the Cadastre of Torrential Basins in the Ukrina River Basin. After detailed field survey and analyses, 154 torrential basins have been identified, occupying 551.37 km 2 of the Ukrina Basin. According to the validation indicators of the Torrential Flood Susceptibility Model, 138 torrential basins are in the category of strong and very strong susceptibility according to Index Based Method, while 112 torrential basins are in the same category of susceptibility according to Flash Flood Potential Index Method, which are very good results of the validation. This paper presents the significant step towards better understanding of the phenomenon of torrential floods in the Republic of Srpska (B&H). The data presented in this paper are also significant to practical issues such as integral water management projects, spatial planning, sustainable land planning and protection of soil, forest ecosystems and environmental protection, sediment management, agriculture and other human activities.Bujične poplave su jedne od najčešćih prirodnih katastrofa koje su zastupljene u Republici Srpskoj, odnosno u Bosni i Hercegovini. Glavni cilj ovog istraživanja je bila procjena podložnostiodređenih prostora na pojavu i razvoj bujičnih poplava u slivu rijeke Ukrine. U radu su korišćene Indeksno bazirana metoda (IBM) i "Flash Flood"potencijal metoda (FFPI), koje seu potpunosti sprovode u GIS okruženju. Prvi korak u izradi modela podložnostina pojavu i razvoj bujičnih poplava (TFSM) bio je definisanje i identifikovanje faktora koji utiču na njihovo pojavljivanje. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata obe korišćene metode, oko 54% (IBM), odnosno 41% (FFPI) površine sliva rijeke Ukrine spada u kategorije jake i veoma jake podložnostina pojavu i razvoj bujičnih poplava (slivova). Drugi važan zadatak je bio identifikovanje bujičnih vodotoka i njima pripadajućih slivova i kreiranje registra i katastra bujičnih vodotoka u slivu rijeke Ukrine. Nakon detaljno sprovedenih terenskih istraživanja i analize prikupljenih podataka, izdvojeno je 154 bujičnih slivova koji se prostiru na površini od 551,37 km2, što čini 36,79% sliva rijeke Ukrine. Prema pokazateljima validacije dobijenih modela podložnostina pojavu i razvoj bujičnih poplava, 138 (90%) bujičnih slivova spada u kategoriju jakei veoma jakeosetljivosti prema IBM metodi, dok je prema FFPI metodi 112 (73%) bujičnih slivova u istoj kategoriji. Ovaj rad predstavlja značajan iskorak ka boljem razumijevanju nastanka bujičnih poplava u Republici Srpskoj (Bosni i Hercegovini). Rezultati predstavljeni u ovom radu veoma su značajni za mnoga praktična pitanja, poput projekata integralnog upravljanja vodnim resursima, prostornog planiranja, održivog planiranja korišćenja zemljišta i zaštite tla, šumskih ekosistema i zaštite životne sredine, upravljanja riječnim nanosom, poljoprivredne proizvodnje i drugih ljudskih aktivnosti
Donja granica periglacijalnog klimazonalnog pojasa na planini Kopaonik (Crbija)
Get PDFThe morphostructural relief of the highest parts of the central Kopaonik Mt was altered by exogenous agents, by denudation as a primary and periglacial processes as a secondary agent. Previous geomorphological studies were mostly focused on the traces of the Pleistocene glaciation, although no reliable evidence was found for this. Recent research, in the part of the mountain above 1,700 m of absolute height, points to geomorphological phenomena resulting from more recent processes within the periglacial environment. By means of geomorphological reconnaissance, analysis and mapping of the highest part of the Kopaonik mountain massif, forms of relief were studied, the ones that according to their morphology correspond to the periglacial forms and processes described in the conditions of high latitudes and high mountains. Determining the spatial coverage of the periglacial belt, especially its lower limit on Kopaonik Mt, is important for understanding the distribution of this climatic morphology both in Serbia and in South East Europe. The research contributes to one of the primary aims of exploring the concept of the periglacial zone, in terms of the regional distribution of its specific relief forms.Morfostrukturni reljef najviših delova centralnog Kopaonika je izmenjen egzogenim agensima, dominantno denudacijom, a sekundarno i periglacijalnim procesima. Ranija geomorfološka istraživanja su najčešće bila usmerena na tragove pleistocene glacijacije, iako za to nisu nađeni pouzdani dokazi. Novija istraživanja, na delu planine iznad 1.700 m apsolutne visine upućuju na geomorfološke pojave koje su posledica recentnih procesa periglacijalne sredine. Postupkom geomorfološkog rekognosciranja, analiziranja i kartiranja najvišeg dela planinskog masiva Kopaonika tretirani su oblici reljefa koji prema svojoj morfologiji odgovaraju periglacijalnim oblicima i procesima opisanim u uslovima velikih geografskih širina i visokih planina. Determinisanje prostornog obuhvata periglacijalnog pojasa, posebno njegove donje granice na Kopaoniku, značajno je za poznavanje rasprostranjenja ove klimatogene morfologije kako u Srbiji tako i u Jugoistočnoj Evropi. Istraživanje predstavlja doprinos jednom od primarnih ciljeva istraživanja koncepta periglacijalne zone, u smislu regionalnog rasprostranjenja njenih specifičnih formi reljefa
Changing climate both increases and decreases European river floods
No full textClimate change has led to concerns about increasing river floods resulting from the greater water-holding capacity of a warmer atmosphere(1). These concerns are reinforced by evidence of increasing economic losses associated with flooding in many parts of the world, including Europe(2). Any changes in river floods would have lasting implications for the design of flood protection measures and flood risk zoning. However, existing studies have been unable to identify a consistent continental-scale climatic-change signal in flood discharge observations in Europe(3), because of the limited spatial coverage and number of hydrometric stations. Here we demonstrate clear regional patterns of both increases and decreases in observed river flood discharges in the past five decades in Europe, which are manifestations of a changing climate. Our results-arising from the most complete database of European flooding so far-suggest that: increasing autumn and winter rainfall has resulted in increasing floods in northwestern Europe; decreasing precipitation and increasing evaporation have led to decreasing floods in medium and large catchments in southern Europe; and decreasing snow cover and snowmelt, resulting from warmer temperatures, have led to decreasing floods in eastern Europe. Regional flood discharge trends in Europe range from an increase of about 11 per cent per decade to a decrease of 23 per cent. Notwithstanding the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the observational record, the flood changes identified here are broadly consistent with climate model projections for the next century(4,5), suggesting that climate-driven changes are already happening and supporting calls for the consideration of climate change in flood risk management
Alkaline soda Lake Velika Rusanda (Serbia): the first insight into diatom diversity of this extreme saline lake
No full textAlkaline soda lakes are unique habitats found in specific geographic regions, usually with dry climate. The Carpathian Basin is one of those regions very important for habitat and biodiversity conservation in Europe, with natural soda lakes found in Austria, Hungary and Serbia. In comparison to other two countries from Central Europe, algal biodiversity studies of saline soda lakes in Serbia are scarce. Lake Velika Rusanda has the highest measured salinity of all saline lakes in the Carpathian Basin and there were no reports of its diatom species richness and diversity till now. We conducted 2-year investigation programme to study biodiversity and seasonal dynamics of diatoms in this lake. A total of 27 diatom taxa were found, almost all of them attached to reed and much less in benthos and plankton. Five new diatom species for Serbia were recorded, Craticula halopannonica, Navicymbula pusilla, Hantzschia weyprechtii, Nitzschia thermaloides and Navicula staffordiae. The last mentioned is new for Europe as well. Lake Velika Rusanda is inhabited mostly by alkaliphilous and halophilic diatoms. Since diatoms are used as bioindicators in soda lakes, our results will improve their further application in ecological status assessment of these fragile habitats in the Carpathian Basin
Termomineralni izvori i potencijal geotermalne energije teritorijalne celine “sever ap Kosovo i Metohija”
Get PDFPodsticanje održivog razvoja i zamena fosilnih goriva, može se postići transformacijom energetskih sistema, odnosno proizvodnjom i korišćenjem energije iz obnovljivih izvora energije. Evropska unija je u svojoj energetskoj politici, Direktivom 2010/31, u cilju smanjenje emisije gasova sa efektom staklene bašte predvidela povećanje udela obnovljive energije na 20% do 2020. godine. Politički, ekonomski i ekološki razlozi, kao i rast potrebe za sve intenzivnijim korišćenjem postojećih energetskih resursa nalažu da Srbija razvija nove izvore energije. Poseban značaj imaju geotermalni izvori, za koje mnogi autori ukazuju da su najrealniji i najkonkurentniji resurs među obnovljivim izvorima energije. Oni se mogu koristiti za proizvodnju električne eneregije i na taj način doprineti energetskoj nezavisnosti i imati veliki značaj za razvoj određene teritorije. Iako korišćenje obnovljivih izvora energije postaje sve važnije i promovisano je nacionalnim strategijama i planskim dokumentima, malo je geografskih istraživanja fokusirano na obnovljive izvore energije. Prisustvo brojnih termomineralnih izvora, usled odgovarajućih geoloških, hidrogeoloških i geotermalnih karakteristika na teritorijalnoj celini “sever AP Kosovа i Metohije”, koju čine opštine: Kosovska Mitrovica (sever), Leposavić, Zvečan i Zubin Potok, a za koju je 2011. previđena izrada Regionalnog prostornog plana, ukazuje da je to perspektivna zona generisanja energije iz obnovljivih izvora. Po svom potencijalu izdvajaju se termomineralni izvori Banjska i Vuča (sa temperaturom oko 51°C odnosno 41°C) koji svoju upotrebu mogu naći u raznim društvenim sferama (za grejanje naselja, u poljoprivredi, za balneoterapiju, sport i rekreaciju). Ne treba zanemariti ni ostale nevalorizovane rezerve geotermalne energije. U radu su prikazani rezultati istaživanja karakteristika termomineralnih izvora pomenute teritorijalne celine, u smislu geneze, energetskog kapaciteta i potencijala i lekovitosti. Takođe su predstavljene mogućnosti njihovog direktnog korišćenja i zamene fosilnih goriva. Cilj istraživanja je izrada studije čiji rezultati mogu biti osnova daljim istraživanjima i imati primenu u planiranju odnovljivih izvora energije.Urednici: Ljubica Duškov, Dušan Risti
Upravljanje zaštićenim prirodnim dobrima u Srbiji – postojeće stanje i problemi
Get PDFGlavni instrumenti u upravljanju zaštićenim područjima (normativni, organizacioni, informacioni, planski i finansijski) razvijeni su u skladu sa ciljem održivog upravljanja određenim prirodnim vrednostima koje su definisane Zakonom o zaštiti životne sredine i drugim regulativama. Efikasno upravljanje zaštićenim područjima je od ključne važnosti da bi svrha njihovog uspostavljanja bila opravdana, a postavljeni ciljevi ostvareni. Iz tog razloga, od izuzetne važnosti je odabir i delatnost upravljača koji se dodeljuje svakom zaštićenom prirodnom dobru, a koji obavlja poslove očuvanja, unapređenja, promovisanja prirodnih i drugih vrednosti i održivog korišćenja predmetnog područja. U cilju utvrđivanja najvećih problema sa kojima se suočavaju upravljači, metodom slučajnog uzorka odabrano je pet upravljača za pet zaštićenih prirodnih dobara različitih kategorija zaštite. Cilj rada je da se analizira stanje u ovoj oblasti u Srbiji, kao i da se ukaže na nedostatke i probleme koje bi trebalo rešiti kako bi se kapaciteti upravljača povećali, a upravljanje postalo efikasnije.Urednici: Filipović Dejan, Velimir Šećerov, Bogdan Lukić, Uroš Radosavljević, Miroslav Mari
The importance of the project teaching for acquirement of geographical functional knowledge
Get PDFProject teaching includes teaching activities of students on a research project in a defined period of time and
requires certain resources and organization. Students allows to acquire functional geographical knowledge
through independent research that involves consideration of certain problems through a critical aspect. Students
during the project acquire cognitive and social skills. In the project teaching connects known and unknown,
knowledge is acquired through examples (exemplary learning) as well as a combination of convergent (logic)
and a divergent (creative) opinion. By applying project teaching, the teacher has multiple roles and he is the
organizer, planner, associate, coordinator and evaluator. Successful planning, implementation and evaluation
of a project implies that a teacher should be trained in new ways of working, using modern teaching methods
in order to develop student’s creativity and encourage teamwork. By selecting a problem-type project, the
teacher is provided with the possibility of creating various methodical scenarios that achieve new quality of
teaching and a greater degree of motivation among the students. The teacher and students create an interactive,
collaborative and constructive relationship where students independently acquire knowledge based on previous
experience and their own possibilities. The aim is to put students on self-thinking, developing skills, forming
value attitudes and acquire functional knowledge that in this way becomes more permanent and applicabl
