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Cultural Heritage of Kupres: chance for sustainable development
No full textNowadays tourism is observed as a necessity for political and economic development, and it is fast appearing as one of the basic tools at all levels of government. International tourism is an important factor in wage balance for the majority of countries. At this moment the majority of communities shows a greater interest in drawing a greater number of tourist investments rather than as an attempt to measure the influence on the living environment and culture brought by an increased level of tourist development. Due to its favorable geographic position, the Municipality of Kupres – Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina – has a large potential for the development of various tourist forms. In this region, tourism is not always well developed, and the inclusion of cultural and historical heritage in the tourist offer could make a large contribution to the expansion and enrichment of the local tourist attractions. The cultural and historical heritage of this municipality is near rural areas that are highly derelict; nonetheless, the valorization of cultural resources and their inclusion in the tourist offer would entail the revitalization of rural areas. In this work, during the process of their identification, cultural resources are divided according to historical epochs serving the purpose of higher clarification, whereas the valorization of cultural and historical heritage is divided into four groups: archeological sites, spatial units and landmarks, church heritage and monuments of culture
Assessment of the Attractiveness of Natural Resources and Landscapes of the Kopaonik National Park (Serbia): Framework and Importance for Tourism Development
Get PDFThis research presents a methodological framework for assessing the attractiveness of natural resources and landscapes and their importance for tourism development. The research is conducted in the area of Kopaonik Mountain in Serbia, which is partly, due to its natural values, declared a natural heritage of exceptional importance Protection Category I, i.e. the National Park. The goal of this paper is to identify and assess the tourist attractiveness of the natural resources (relief, hydrological and climatological characteristics, and vegetation) and landscapes in the National Park (NP) Kopaonik area. There are two independent methods used to assess the tourist attractiveness of natural resources and landscapes in this study. The first method is based on numerical and statistical analysis and quantitatively expresses the attractiveness of natural resources/elements (relief, climate, hydrology and vegetation) separately and all together, indicating the overall attractiveness of natural resources for tourism development. The second method envisages 8 criteria according to which natural landscapes are scored on a scale from 0 to 3. Based on a clearly defined model for assessing the attractiveness of natural resources and landscapes, we conclude that the area of Kopaonik National Park has a high level of tourist attractiveness
Dataset for Green Transition Policies, Stakeholders and Practices in Bosnia and Herzegovina
No full textThis dataset contributed to deliverable 4.2 Regional Mapping Report and shows the mapping in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This report is the second deliverable of WP4 – Measuring and assessing impacts and costs of a just green transition in the WB, of the GreenFORCE project. It was jointly authored by the WB project partners, as well as 2 subcontracted parties from the region. The EU Economic and Investment Plan for the WB includes a green agenda for the WB, with pillars to be pursued for transitioning towards a carbon-neutral economy. Such a shift will surely challenge the economies and societies in the WB. The social and policy context is yet fragile to allow for the development and mass distribution of green transition technologies, while human resources are not prepared and/or are insufficient to produce and implement innovation. Yet, the green transition also paves the way towards new development and resilience opportunities. The research will inform on the readiness/potential of societal actors (industry, academia, policymakers, civic society) to embrace the pathways to transformation, and will propose a framework for continuous monitoring of impacts and costs. The key findings and lessons learnt derived within WP4 will be transferred into the scientific papers and policy briefs (WP 2 & 3) and published under the dissemination events (WP5). Regional mapping is a key task for the research, contributing to initial data gathering and the refinement of the research proposal, and to the sub-question on the identification of sectors and territories affected by the transitions and current progress of transition practices. This is a participatory mapping, engaging local stakeholders and communities to reveal local knowledge. Each WB partner will produce the respective country report, and Co-PLAN will work on the final regional report. This deliverable is the final regional report. It will also include the mapping frame used to conduct the mapping process. The WB partners will do the mapping for their own countries. GreenFORCE will subcontract data gathering for the remaining countries. The mapping is done for actors, practices and policies in place, territories upon the level of relevance and potential for engaging in green transition; and sectors. All partners will design the mapping frame, using also knowledge from other mapping processes. The frame will contain the type of information to be collected, the standardisation of data entry, and the tailored instruments to be deployed for accessing information
Neka aktuelna pitanja statističke tipologije turističkih naselja u Srbiji
No full textU radu se analiziraju opravdanost statističke tipologije turističkih naselja i neka pitanja aktuelne tipologije s obzirom na splet atraktivnih, komunikacionih i receptivnih uslova. Turističko naselje као kompleksna prostorno-funkcionalna celina se obično ne poklapa sa administrativnim granicama naselja, već predstavlja mesto kontakta sa ostalim turističkim područjima i sa prostorno izolovanim objektima koji gravitiraju ka njemu i koje ih međusobno povezuje u jedinstvenu organizovanu celinu. Klasifikacija turističkih naselja je jedno od strategijskih i fundamentalnih pitanja razvoja turizma u Srbiji, i u perspektivi je, u zavisnosti od intenziteta i dinamike razvoja turizma, moguće diferencirati i neke nove kategorije turističkih naselja.Urednici: Dejan Filipović, Velimir Šećerov, Dejan S. Đorđevi
Trend analysis of extreme temperature climatic indices in Belgrade (1961-2020)
Get PDFClimate change are one of the most significant global challenges in the 21st century. Air temperature and precipitation as the most important climatic elements, are the most frequently analyzed parameters. Climate change is not only the cause of global warming, but also brings extreme low and high temperatures, heavy rainfall and other meteorological anomalies. One of the main signals indicating climate change is the change of extreme temperatures. In order to gain insight into the changes in the temperature regime in Belgrade, the number of characteristic days - frost days (FD), ice days (ID), summer days (SU), and the number of tropical nights (TR) over a period of 60 years - was analyzed. The extremes are examined, i.e. the change in the number of days when the daily minimum or maximum temperature is below zero (frost and ice days) and the change in the number of days when the maximum temperature exceeds 25℃ (summer days). Two non–parametric statistical tests were used to determine the trend and the trend magnitude of the selected indices. The Mann-Kendall test was used for trend analysis and the Pettit’s test was used to detect significant changes in the time series of climatological data. The study area is Belgrade, the capital of the Republic of Serbia. The data of the Hydrometeorological Institute of the Republic of Serbia (RHMZ) measured at the weather station Belgrade (Serbia) during two climatological periods 1961-1990 and 1991-2020 were used. The obtained results indicate that the number of frost and ice days decreases, while the number of summer and especially tropical nights increases. According to the applied Mann-Kendell test, statistically significant changes were found in all data series, while the Petitt's test indicated that sudden changes in parameter values began in the late 1980s.Urednici: Mladen Maradin, Ružica Vuk, Jelena Lončar, Snježana Bakarić Palička, Sanja Faivr
Territory of Serbia as Indicator of Transboundary and Domestic Waters of Southeastern Europe
Get PDFWater is an essential determinant of natural, social and landscape characteristics. It generates opportunities and limitations, chances and threats, negative and positive phenomena and processes including environmental, economic, political, social as well technical aspects. Problems relating to water security, water protection, equitable access to water as well as upstream and downstream interests are increasingly present from micro to macro level. Such trends are recognized in Southeastern Europe, with regional and local specificities conditioned by natural, social, geopolitical and other characteristics. Although relatively rich in water resources, the region shows a high degree of sensitivity and vulnerability. The causes are numerous, and most often they are recognized in the unfavorable natural regime of waters, poor ecological status, geopolitical and interest driven fragmentation of space, climate changes, and lack of development of water management infrastructure. Unfortunately, floods (May-June) and droughts (July-August) are almost regular seasonal occurrences in Serbia, often with catastrophic consequences. Floods are frequent, from overflowing rivers with predominantly transboundary waters (Tamiš – 2005, Danube 2006 and 2013) as well as domestic ones (Velika Morava – 2005, Nišava, Vlasina and Jablanica – 2007, Zapadna
Morava and Veliki Rzav – 2009, Timok – 2010 etc.). The floods in 2014 were particularly disastrous, with estimated economic damage of 1.7 billion euros, and also in 2023. Floods, as a rule, cause landslides that threaten population, settlements, infrastructure, agricultural areas and crops. Droughts are a frequent phenomenon during summers (2000, 2003, 2009, 2011, 2015, 2021, 2022), causing serious disruption of agricultural and manufacturing industries, drinking water supply, energy and, in extreme cases, inland waterway transportion system. As for Serbia, the state and assessment of water resources are a basic segment of quality and capacity of environment, but also the perspective of existence and overall development of society. The territory of Serbia offers a good field for research of trends of change in the quality and quantity of transboundery and domestic waters in Southeast Europe
Динамика броја становника Источне Србије од половине 20. до почетка 21.в ека
No full textDespite considerable natural resources and a favourable geographical location, all indicators of population trends show declining tendencies, which were indicated much earlier than they were recognized as a demographic problem. The aim of the article is to explore the dynamics and intensity of population change in Eastern Serbia, but without analytical approaches to the components of population dynamics. The chosen temporal and spatial coverage of the research is in accordance with the methodological approach, which provides for the application of the comparative-statistical method to as many spatial units as possible, in order to determine the spatial dispersion of the indicators of population growth. The data sources in this research are censuses, and the presented indicators of population growth were derived according to the methodology of demographic research. The obtained results show a weak increase in the population of Eastern Serbia from 1948 to 1961, since then the values of the growth indicators stagnate for a short time and then decrease continuously. In the whole observation period from 1948-2011, the growth index shows a 21% decrease in the population of Eastern Serbia. The average annual growth rates of the population in Eastern Serbia were lower than the average annual growth rates of the total population of Central Serbia in all intermediate census periods until 2011, and this difference is even more pronounced if the city of Niš is excluded from the total population of Eastern Serbia. Although the dynamics of population growth in Eastern Serbia in the period 1948-2011 is characterized by linearity (either in the form of increase or decrease), it is striking that not all parts of the country participate equally. Only 4 municipalities and the city of Niš recorded an increase in population, while in the other 20 municipalities the population decreased. In 10 municipalities depopulation was already recorded in 1953-1961.Упркос значајним природним ресурсима и повољном географском по- ложају сви показатељи пораста становништва показују опадајуће трендове који су наговештени знатно раније него што су евидентирани као демографски проблем. За- то је циљ овог рада је усмерен на истраживање динамике и интензитета промена бро- ја становника Источне Србија, без аналитичких приступа компонентама популацио- не динамике. Одабрани временски и просторни обухват истраживања задовољавају методолошки приступ који подразумева коришћење упоредно-статистичког метода на што већем броју просторних јединица како би се установиле детаљне специфич- ности просторне диверзификације показатеља раста становништва. Изворе података чини пописана статистика, приказани показатељи пораста становништва су изведе- ни у складу са методологијом демографских истраживања. Добијени резултати пока- зују слаб пораст становништва Источне Србије од 1948. до 1961. године, од када су вредности показатеља раста у краћој стагнацији, а потом у континуираном опадању. У укупном периоду посматрања 1948-2011. године индекс раста показује пад станов- ништва Источне Србије од 21%. Стопа просечног годишњег раста становништва Источне Србије је у свим међупописним периодима до 2011. године била нижа у од- носу на стопу просечног годишњег раста укупног становништва Централне Србије, при чему је ова разлика још израженија када се из укупног становништва Источне Србије изузме Град Ниш. Иако динамику промене броја становника Источне Србије у периоду 1948-2011. године карактерише линеарност (било у смислу пораста или опадања становништва), примећујемо да у њој нису равномерно партиципирали сви њени делови јер су само 4 општине и Град Ниш повећали број становника, док је у осталих 20 општина забележено опадање становништва, при чему је у 10 општина депопулација забележена већ у периоду 1953-1961. године
Climatic and anthropogenic impacts on forest fires in conditions of extreme fire danger on sandy soils
Get PDFForests on sandy soils are particularly vulnerable to fire. The study area in this research was Deliblatska peščara (the Deliblato Sands), one of the most endangered areas in Serbia. The linear trends, the polynomial trends and the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) were applied. Statistically significant decrease in the number of forest fires was found, while the increasing trends of the burned area and burned forest area were not significant. There was also an increase in the air temperature during the same period. In a study of the connection between forest fires and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), significant values of r were statistically observed only for the annual number of fires. The highest values were recorded for June (-0.373) and July (-0.375), and for summer r = -0.374 (statistically significant at p ≤ .01). As for the AMO in the main fire season (February-August), r = -0.331 (statistically significant at p ≤ .01). In settlements in Deliblatska peščara area, there were trends of the decreasing number of inhabitants, agricultural population, and agricultural households in the investigated period. These trends contribute to the reduction of fire risk. The r value between the dynamics of the number of fires and the population is .50 (statistically significant at p ≤ .01). The reduced agricultural activity contributes to the reduction of fire risk, while increased tourist presence is a risk factor
The 2022 population census in Serbia: sociopolitical context and methodological innovations
No full textОд првог модерног пописа у Србији 1866. године до данас спроведено је 20 пописа, међутим, контроверзе у јавности у вези са спровођењем, структуром питања и употребом података, никад нису биле веће. Друштвено-политички контекст, слично као и у другим европским државама, који је претходио попису, обележен је стидљивим позивима представника власти на учешће у попису, скромном кампањом Републичког завода за статистику, теоријама завера на друштвеним мрежама и позивима на бојкот. Са друге стране, упркос методолошким унапређењима, попис је обележен проблемима у спровођењу, недовољно обученим пописивачима, недостатком људства на терену и импутирањем непописаних лица из административних извора. Чини се да су овог пута неки од важнијих узрока проблема у спровођењу теренског дела акције и поновне методолошке некомпатибилности са претходним пописима, били неадекватна комуникација са јавношћу и недовољна обученост пописивача.Since the first modern census was conducted in Serbia in 1866, 20 censuses have been conducted to date. However, controversy regarding the field research, structure of questions and use of data has never been stronger. The sociopolitical context, in other European countries alike, that preceded the 2022 census was marked by low-key invitations from government representatives to participate in the Census, an inconspicuous campaign by the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, conspiracy theories on disseminated social networks and calls for a boycott. On the other hand, despite methodological improvements, the census was marked by implementation problems, untrained enumerators, lack of manpower in the field, and the imputation from administrative sources of persons who did not participate in the Census. It seems that this time some of major causes of field research problems and, once again, methodological incompatibilities with previous censuses, were the inadequate communication with the public and insufficient training levels of enumerators
The coastal fog and ecological balance for plants in the Jizan region, Saudi Arabia
Get PDFFog water collection provides a sustainable resource for watering of crops. The Jizan region is one of the smallest states in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) but very rich with unique flora, fauna, landscape diversity, and occurrence of fog. According to satellite data from the period between (1991–2021) the average visibility in this fog belt varied between 5 m and 100 m. Specific relief properties, such as elevation contrast, present rare space for flora preservation and sustainable fog utilization and use in the watering of crops. Some results showed that number of foggy days is not equal and can be divided in three big cycles. It was estimated that 8 × 1013 L, or 80 m3 of fresh water from fog per year, could be used for drinking and partly for farming in Jizan region from settlements Al Araq and Al Gandla, city of Jizan, Al Madaya, Al Mubarakiyah, Muwassam. This amount of water varied through time. The last observational period had large amount of water, 10 × 1013 L or 100 m3. The main methodologies used in this research were advanced GIS (Geographical Information Systems), Remote Sensing (RS), and numerical analysis. Satellite data were downloaded from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and Landsat 8 and 9 satellite missions. This kind of alternative water may produce stability for three main plants in Jizan region, palm, wheat and olive. Typical arid regions in KSA can be transformed by water used from the fog