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Acetylcholine receptors (muscarinic) in GtoPdb v.2025.3
Get PDFMuscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) (nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors [58]) are activated by the endogenous agonist acetylcholine [63, 162] [154]. All five (M1-M5) mAChRs are ubiquitously expressed in the human body and are therefore attractive targets for many disorders. Functionally, M1, M3, and M5 mAChRs preferentially couple to Gq/11 proteins, whilst M2 and M4 mAChRs predominantly couple to Gi/o proteins. Both agonists and antagonists of mAChRs are clinically approved drugs, including pilocarpine for the treatment of elevated intra-ocular pressure and glaucoma, and atropine for the treatment of bradycardia and poisoning by muscarinic agents such as organophosphates. Of note, it has been observed that mAChRs dimerise reversibly [140] and that dimerisation/oligomerisation can be affected by ligands [193, 206]
It\u27s been a long day!
No full textEducation can and should be emancipatory. Yet, for many of our neurodivergent children, it can feel like torture. Common challenges faced by neurodivergent children in our schools include sleep deprivation, sensory overload, social isolation, and repeated questioning - all compounded by a sense of powerlessness and the inability to leave or change their environment. As much as we strive to do our best for our young, it sometimes feels as though, in our efforts to educate, we do more harm than good.
There is no doubt that we’ve made significant progress in supporting neurodivergent children. It wasn’t so long ago that some children were forced to write with their non-dominant hand or subjected to physical punishment for failing to make the grade. However, despite this progress, inequality of outcomes for neurodivergent individuals persists. In extreme cases, some are even institutionalized in hospitals, or imprisoned due to a lack of appropriate and available support. Clearly, we still have a long way to go. Given the chronic underfunding of our education system, it feels increasingly important for individuals to come together, support one another, and collectivize their efforts for change.
This poem is not about any one person. It is an amalgamation of my own experiences—as a child, parent, husband, educator, and a friend and confidant to other parents of neurodivergent children. I’ve been fortunate to be part of a self-organized parent support group for adults with neurodivergent children. There is something deeply powerful about learning from others with shared or similar experience - helping and being helped at the same time. Sometimes, it feels like you don’t have the energy to take on another responsibility, another evening spent meeting with other parents. But, in my experience, it is almost always worth it. The connection with others, the empathy for each other’s situations - it all helps to re-energize you for the fight ahead. As one of my fellow strugglers once said, \u27I arrive with a problem, but always leave with a few new ideas to try and address it\u27. Moreover, participation in interest groups provides opportunities for collective action in support of our cause. This poem was used as a means of sharing the experiences of neurodivergent children with their teachers.
This poem is dedicated to the parents and carers of neurodivergent children, their allies within the education system (of which there are many), and to all the neurodivergent children making their way through the school day - after day, after day
Hydrolases & Lipases in GtoPdb v.2025.2
Get PDFListed in this section are hydrolases not accumulated in other parts of the Concise Guide, such as monoacylglycerol lipase and acetylcholinesterase. Pancreatic lipase is the predominant mechanism of fat digestion in the alimentary system; its inhibition is associated with decreased fat absorption. CES1 is present at lower levels in the gut than CES2 (P23141), but predominates in the liver, where it is responsible for the hydrolysis of many aliphatic, aromatic and steroid esters. Hormone-sensitive lipase is also a relatively non-selective esterase associated with steroid ester hydrolysis and triglyceride metabolism, particularly in adipose tissue. Endothelial lipase is secreted from endothelial cells and regulates circulating cholesterol in high density lipoproteins
Beyond Human-Centered AI: An Indigenous Framework for Planetary Futures
Get PDFTechnology entrepreneur and creative leader, Suhair Khan, explores the concept of Indigenous knowledge in relation to AI and planetary futures, and outlines why she agrees with National Geographic Explorer Keolu Fox that the key to harnessing the technology of tomorrow is centering traditions of the past and that ‘We should all ask, what would our planet look like in Indigenous hands?\u2
Could AI Destroy the Planet, or Might AI Art and Gaming Save it?
Get PDFThere are reasons to hope that AI can power data-driven insights that can help produce innovative solutions to the climate emergency. There are also real concerns about the climate cost of producing AI models in the first place and about issues such as environmental justice and power imbalances. MeshMinds Founder Kay Poh Gek Vasey asks will AI turn out to be a net negative or a net positive for the sustainability of life on the planet – and might AI art and gaming play a part in helping to save the world
AWEN – Encountering Climate Emergency
Get PDFAs part of the New Real’s ‘AWEN’ project in 2021, key members of the multidisciplinary creative team got together online to share their thoughts on why and how the project was conceived and created and on its potential to inspire users to look at their surroundings in a new light and think differently about their environment and their place within it
A Journey to Find the Soul of a Sailor
Get PDFDesigned to provide transformative AI-fuelled experiences for audiences, and to present works that address key challenges in AI, The New Real’s ‘Uncanny Machines’ project explores how artists can push creative boundaries, how AI can be enriched or challenged by the Arts and the social implications of recent developments in AI
Seismic risk and intangible landscape heritage on São Jorge
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Responding to the EAR call for papers examining the architectural discipline ‘Beyond the visible’, the paper examines the relationship between seismic risk analysis and narratives embedded in the intangible landscape heritage in an area where risk forms part of both memories and physical landscapes. Centring landscape architectural fieldwork undertaken on São Jorge in the Azores in 2022, the paper traces the physical conditions and intangible landscape heritage of three sites where traces of seismic crisis in 1808, 1964 and 1980, are visible, preserved or otherwise present. These landscapes become visual indicators of the seismic forces operating below, creating both an awareness of future risk and past disasters, as experienced on the peripheries of Portuguese society and geography. Resilience can be seen as intangible heritage, as it offers a way of relating to specific local environmental factors and the community as a whole. In this paper, the intangible heritage of coping with disaster and risk in the Azores have been examined through qualitative fieldwork centring phenomenology and non-representation. The paper juxtaposes resilience and agency within intangible landscape heritage with the centralised analysis and mapping of risk in the reports published by the European Union (EU) Copernicus programme. In a world with increasing risk of climate change fuelled natural disasters, the São Jorge case can illuminate the dichotomy of hazard analysis and intangible materialities and heritage in critical zones. This paper argues that these post-disaster landscapes and built environments, the risks embedded in future seismic movements, and the way communities interact with these, constitute intangible cultural heritage.
 
Displacing Northern Dominant Criminological Discourse: The Importation of Southern Criminology into Criminological Literature and Its Implications
Get PDFThrough a carefully selected set of criminological case studies from both the Global North and the Global South, this article takes on a critical approach on how hegemonic Northern criminological theories have fallen short in their attempts at formulating universally-applicable causative theses. It demonstrates how the field of criminology can be sharpened and brought to compelling new heights through the importation of the alternative Southern criminology, which reifies the need to consider individual, localised contexts on top of global influences in criminological inquiries. Vastly different historical contexts seen in the Global South mean that while the region may produce criminal justice outcomes similar to the Global North, how it derives at such outcomes may diverge greatly from the North. Likewise, countries appearing to share notable commonalities in the South may not produce similar criminological outcomes as one another, unlike what one would usually expect from the North. This cautions against undertaking comparative research based on resemblances and similarities across nations alone, and highlights the need to reconsider the stating points of comparative research and any attempted universalisation of theories. Lastly, criminological trends seen in the North are also responses to what is being brought in from the South in this age of advanced globalisation. Understanding criminological trends already extant in the South allows for a sharpened analysis of modern day Northern law enforcement and why Northern states have responded in certain manners. In its challenging of Northern hegemony and its providence of alternative de-colonial causal theses, as well as its refreshing coverage of what Northern criminology may have overlooked, Southern criminology should be enthusiastically welcomed and incorporated into the field as a means to further refine criminology as a discipline
The impacts of lateral obliqueness and edge angle on Levallois point morphology
Get PDFThe study of Levallois points is important as it combines themes relating to Levallois technology in general (such as cognitive evolution, standardisation, and cultural transmission) with discussions on the specific function of stone tools (for example, the notion of points as spear tips). Many Levantine Middle Palaeolithic assemblages feature a strong focus on Levallois point production. Traditionally, this phenomenon has been studied from a typological perspective, while more recent technological approaches have added layers of understanding, such as the recognition of the frequently recurrent Levallois character of point production in the area. Likewise, use-wear and residue analyses have led to changing perceptions of the function of Levallois points. Here we explore how two quantifiable aspects of Levallois points - cross-section angles and lateral angles - relate to the morphology of Levallois points. By combining experimental knapping with an analysis of Levallois points from Yabroud I, Syria, we show that the obliqueness of lateral preparatory removals has a significant impact on the morphology of Levallois points, particularly in terms of the feature of a Concorde-shaped profile. Likewise, we show that the lateral edge angle influences the length of the points produced. Not only does this study improve of our understanding of Levallois points, but it highlights the importance of angles in studying lithic technology. We emphasize that this study aims to investigate the impact of oblique preparatory removals on the morphology of Levallois points generally, through an initial case study of one assemblage, allowing future multivariate analysis of multiple assemblages to test our hypotheses