Journal Hosting Service | The University of Edinburgh
Not a member yet
5244 research outputs found
Sort by
Global pharmaceutical patents after the Doha Declaration – What lies in the future?
Full text linkThe purpose of this article is to analyse how developments after the Doha Declaration went wrong; how developing countries can best be helped by IPR legislation; and whether such help can be achieved without taking away the incentives for industry to develop medicines. It is submitted that a legal framework maintaining the global protection of IPRs is needed, especially in developed countries, but that such a framework must allow for compulsory licensing in separate, regional “generic markets”, and must further create effective barriers for (re-)import into other countries than those targeted by the compulsory licence. This proposal would create a large market currently unused, in which pharmaceuticals could be produced and sold more cheaply, while protecting developed countries from importation of generic drugs. This way, compulsory licensing should work as a tool to promote innovation whilst also protecting public health globally
Traditional Knowledge and the International Context for Protection
Full text linkThis paper traces the relationship between traditional knowledge and biodiversity and examines the current discussions towards achieving such protection through the international intellectual property system. This paper will concentrate on the particular cultural and legal problems associated with the protection of indigenous intellectual property, specifically in terms of medicinal and agricultural knowledge and the impact of the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights Agreement and the Convention on Biological Diversity. The apparently conflicting relationship between these two international instruments will be addressed. In reviewing attempts to acknowledge the role of indigenous and traditional communities in the management and sustainable development of biological resources, this paper argues for authority and capacity with respect to resources to vest in the community. This is maintained in recognition of the significance of this relationship of community to its resources, to the facilitation of community development through appropriate assurance of traditional resource relationships, within an international legal system of obligations towards biological and cultural diversity
Quelques mots sur les contrats de vente de mots (Observations sur la condamnation judiciaire en France de Google pour son système Adwords)
Full text linkA French court has ruled against Google France in an intellectual property dispute, saying the company infringed trademark laws for allowing advertisers to combine their text notices to trademarked search terms. This decision, which is not a temporary injunction, is unique, and it is also the first in the world to find Google liable for its AdWords program. This short analysis recaps the reason how the law applied to the search tool, and highlights that the judicial decision has probably no effect for the defendant: not because it has been ruled in France, but because advertisers who buy AdWords agree to indemnify Google for any liability and cause of action. Therefore, this shows that these conflicts of laws in cyberspace are not those we thought so far…. DOI: 10.2966/scrip.010304.434 © Cédric Manara 2004. This work is licensed through SCRIPT-ed Open Licence (SOL). * Associate Professor, EDHEC Business School (Law Department) and Visiting Scholar, Institute for International Law and Public Policy, Temple University Beasley School of Law (2004). Cédric Manara is also a head columnist on e-commerce for a prominent francophone law review, Dalloz, and a member of Juriscom.net’s scientific committee, a leading online journal specializing in Law & IT (www.juriscom.net). The usual disclaimer applies. All the links have been checked on August 20, 2004. (2004) 1:3 SCRIPT-ed 435 «Les mots ont un prix, les mots peuvent devenir des marchandises, ici, on atteint le point culminant du capitalisme, le capitalisme sémantique généralisé ». C’est le constat désolé1 de l’artiste Christophe Bruno, qui avait tenté de détourner le système publicitaire Adwords de Google. Le célèbre moteur de recherche propose en effet aux annonceurs d’associer des publicités aux requêtes effectuées par ses usagers. Le message est ciblé en fonction des termes à l’aide desquels les demandes sont formulées. Et à chaque fois qu’un internaute clique sur le petit placard publicitaire qui apparaît, le moteur de recherche gagne quelques centimes d’euros, en exécution du contrat que l’annonceur a passé avec lui