Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities
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The Reflection of Islamic Culture and Beliefs in the Stories of Dr. Akram Osman
Full text linkThe sacred religion of Islam encompasses its own distinct principles, laws, and worldview, as presented through the Holy Quran, a divine guide for humanity. This guidance shapes the beliefs, actions, and morals of Muslims according to an Islamic perspective. Islam is a comprehensive and complete religion that addresses all aspects of individual, familial, social, economic, political, and cultural life. It provides everything necessary for human guidance and prosperity, as conveyed to humanity by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), the savior of mankind, who is the final prophet, and Islam is the ultimate and final religion. In Islamic societies, the responsibility of promoting and conveying Islamic teachings was not limited to religious scholars alone. Muslim poets and writers also undertake this significant mission, using their literary talents in both poetry and prose to inspire individuals and societies with the values and teachings of this sacred religion. The late Dr. Mohammad Akram Osman, a distinguished author from Afghanistan, made remarkable contributions to storytelling that not only enriched the world of literature but also served as a guide for humanity in learning and understanding Islamic culture and beliefs. This article aims to explore the reflection of Islamic culture and beliefs in the stories of Dr. Mohammad Akram Osman, highlighting his ability to intertwine Islamic teachings with literary expression
The Consequences of Unlawful Coercion in the Contract of Sale from the Perspective of Islamic Jurisprudence
Full text linkIn Islamic jurisprudence, coercion (ikrah) refers to the act of threatening or forcing someone to perform an action, say something, abstain from doing something, or refrain from making a statement. Coercion is considered one of the acquired impairments of legal capacity and one of the most significant defects in consent and intention in transactions, particularly in the contract of sale. The contract of sale is one of the most frequent and essential social and economic transactions upon which individual and societal life depends. The principle is that a sale transaction should be conducted between the parties according to the appropriate legal and religious conditions and regulations, ensuring its validity and the fulfillment of their needs in the best possible manner. However, contrary to this ideal, such transactions are sometimes carried out by ignorant or oppressive individuals in society, leading to a loss of consent and a corruption of free will. Consequently, there is a need to conduct research on the religious rulings of coerced transactions—particularly in the case of sales—aimed at raising public awareness of the detrimental religious and social impacts of these transactions. This research seeks to contribute to the reduction of such challenges and to encourage members of society to engage in healthy financial and social relations. Although the esteemed jurists of Islamic schools of thought have extensively discussed the religious rulings related to contracts and other issues in their legal texts, the specific issue of "the consequences of coercion in the contract of sale" has not, to the author\u27s knowledge, been studied in a comparative manner across Islamic schools of thought. Thus, this research, recognizing this scholarly and jurisprudential gap, seeks to answer the question: "What are the consequences of unlawful coercion in the contract of sale from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence?" Utilizing a descriptive-analytical method and a library-based, comparative approach, the study concludes that all schools of Islamic jurisprudence agree that unlawful coercion is impermissible and invalid. One specific manifestation of unlawful coercion in Islamic jurisprudence is the "coerced sale" (bay\u27 mukrah), on which Islamic jurists are divided into two camps regarding its effects. One group, advocating nullification, includes jurists from the Shafi\u27i, Hanbali, and some Maliki schools, as well as a few Imami jurists. In contrast, a large group of jurists from the Hanafi, prominent Maliki, and renowned Imami schools argue that coerced sales are voidable but not inherently invalid. They believe that the coerced party (mukrah) has the right to either confirm or rescind the sale, and their subsequent consent can validate the sale retroactively. The Hanafis, however, differentiate between contracts that are irrevocable, such as marriage, where coercion is ineffective, and revocable contracts, such as sales, where coercion is deemed effective. The remaining jurists from the four schools of thought, without distinguishing between revocable and irrevocable contracts, consider the effect of coercion to be equal across all types of contracts
The Effectiveness of Warming-Up Activities for Athletes
Full text linkThe positive effects of high heat on athletes can be seen dramatically. Athletes who are located in hot environments experience several changes on their bodies that can help improve the performance and physical recovery of the athletes. One of the positive effects of high heat on athletes is to increase blood circulation. In warm environments, the vessels of the body open and the blood flows in the best possible way in the body. This means an increase in the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the muscles, which can improve athletic performance. Also, heat can increase sweating in the body. By sweating profusely, athletes can remove toxins and waste from their bodies and improve the body\u27s cleansing process. This can lead to increased exercise tolerance and reduced fatigue. Also, the positive effects of high heat on athletes include increased flexibility. In hot environments, body muscles become warmer and more moist, which increases flexibility and reduces the risk of muscle injuries.
In this research, we can examine the effect of high heat on physiological components such as body temperature, heart rate, perspiration rate and oxygen consumption
Revolution, Redemption and Resurrection in the Best and Worst of Times: Charles Dickens\u27 ‘A Tale of Two Cities’
Full text linkThe world-renowned novel A Tale of Two Cities is both a historical narrative and one of the most widely read works of Charles Dickens, the greatest novelist of the Victorian era. First published in 1859, it unfolds against the backdrop of the French Revolution, seamlessly weaving fiction with history through its memorable characters. Drawing inspiration from Thomas Carlyle’s The French Revolution, Dickens enriches his tale of London and revolutionary Paris with gripping dramatization. The aim of the French Revolution was to reform the Old Regime of absolute monarchy based on Enlightenment principles. While it succeeded in its goals, it also unleashed horrific and uncontrollable waves of violence and bloodshed. Thus, it can be said that violence begets more violence. The grotesque scenes of large-scale mob brutality are especially vivid and blood-soaked. The novel’s complex plot revolves around Sydney Carton’s ultimate sacrifice of his life for his friends, Charles Darnay and Lucie. While political events drive the story, Dickens adopts a decidedly anti-political stance, condemning both aristocratic tyranny and revolutionary bloodthirstiness. The latter is memorably embodied in Madame Defarge, who plays the role of both antagonist and bitter knitter, deeply involved in the revolution. Her knitting secretly serves as a record of those she intends to see executed at the guillotine during the revolution. While it is true that she has lost her family at the hands of the Evrémondes, her unrelenting ruthlessness evokes no sympathy for her in the novel. Her merciless desire for revenge against the Evrémonde family, spanning the innocent Darnay, his wife, daughter, and Dr. Alexandre Manette, ultimately leads to her death, struck down with her own weapon at the hands of Miss Pross
Inculcating Physical Literacy Through Indigenous Games: A Key to Sporting Achievement
Full text linkIntegrating Indigenous games into the educational framework represents a vital opportunity to enhance physical literacy among children, thereby improving their potential for success in sports. These traditional games, deeply rooted in cultural heritage and communal values, serve as practical tools for developing essential physical skills such as coordination, agility, and teamwork while fostering cultural identity and social cohesion. By participating in Indigenous games, children refine their motor skills and cultivate a sense of belonging and pride in their heritage. This research examines the multifaceted benefits of Indigenous games in physical education, emphasizing their contributions to individual skill development and community engagement. This paper advocates for including Indigenous games in modern physical education curricula through a comprehensive analysis, highlighting their potential to provide a holistic approach to physical literacy. Furthermore, it explores the barriers to their integration and suggests best practices for incorporating these culturally significant activities in mainstream sports education. Ultimately, the study underscores the importance of Indigenous games in fostering lifelong physical activity, resilience, and cultural appreciation among children
An Eco-Critical Comparison of Environmental Crisis in The Water Knife and New York 2140
Full text linkThis paper compares how The Water Knife by Paolo Bacigalupi and New York 2140 by Kim Stanley Robinson show the effects of climate change and environmental crisis. Using eco-criticism, the study explores how both novels imagine future worlds shaped by water scarcity, rising sea levels, and social inequality. It looks at how people survive in these harsh conditions and how the environment shapes politics, economy, and daily life. The paper shows how both authors use fiction to warn about real-world environmental problems and the urgent need for change
Role and Importance of Comparative Study of Public Administration
Full text linkThe study of comparative public administration, as one of the important branches of administrative sciences, plays a key role in a deeper understanding of administrative and political systems in different countries. This approach provides the basis for evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of various systems by comparative analysis of administrative structures, processes and functions.
The importance of this type of study is not only in identifying the best practices and efficient models of public administration, but also in identifying common global challenges such as administrative corruption, bureaucratic inefficiency and how to improve democratic governance. The comparative study of public administration also enables researchers and policymakers to assess the impact of cultural, economic, and political factors on the functioning of administrative systems and to provide innovative and evidence-based solutions for structural reforms. This type of study, especially in the era of globalization and the increasing complexity of governance issues, is considered an essential tool for promoting transparency, accountability and efficiency in government institutions.
In this article, while explaining the theoretical foundations of the comparative study, examples of successful international experiences and their impact on improving decision-making and policy-making processes in different societies have been analyzed
Drowning in Our Progress? Tackling the Growing Menace of Urban Floods in India
Full text linkA recent key challenge called urban flooding has grasped Indian cities, collectively impacted by climate change and unsustainable infrastructural developments. Major cities throughout the country e.g., Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Chennai, as well as smaller cities like Vadodara and Guwahati, are facing increased frequency and intensity of floods. Extreme rainfall events, urban sprawl, and inadequate infrastructure drive this. Further, this can solely be a consequence of heavy rainfall but, is intricately linked to man-made alterations like encroachment on water bodies, antiquated drainage systems, and a surge in population leading to higher waste production. The fast-paced urbanisation in the last few decades has resulted in the decline of natural water bodies that once soaked the excess downpours of monsoon seasons. Additionally, drainage systems in many cities were designed for lesser rainfall, and are incapable of coping with the increased intense rainfall in shorter spells. Accumulation of waste and siltation in the drainage systems have further multi-folded the urban inundation issues in India. Due to this the incurred economic losses and human fatalities in the country remain difficult to believe. Collective awakening of stakeholders for climate-resilient urban infrastructure, proper waste management, and upgrading drainage outdated systems can reduce the inflated risks of urban flooding in India
A Study on the Translation Styles of Lyell and Lovell from the Perspective of Pierre Bourdieu’s Sociological Theory: A Case Study of the English Translations of Lu Xun’s Novels
Full text linkWith the sociological turn, the research perspectives in Translation Studies (TS) have broadened. Researchers in TS began to systematically examine the social factors behind translation activities. This article applies Pierre Bourdieu’s sociological theory to explore the translation styles of Lu Xun’s novels translated by William A. Lyell and Julia Lovell. The concepts of field, capital, and habitus from Bourdieu’s theory are employed as the theoretical framework for this study. Through sociological and comparative textual analysis, the article finds that both Lyell and Lovell tend to adopt a domestication strategy in their translations. However, due to Lyell’s unique language learning experience and extensive academic background, the field and accumulated capital in his career have shaped his scholarly translation habitus. Furthermore, as an expert in Lu Xun’s works, Lyell emphasizes fidelity in his translations and employs a strategy of foreignization through footnotes to introduce the cultural context of the source language to readers, resulting in a more complex translation. In contrast, Lovell, who grew up during the period of growing interest in translating Chinese literature abroad, has accumulated capital that has fostered her translation habitus of faithful re-creation. Additionally, as Lovell’s aim in translating Lu Xun’s novels is to introduce the author to a wider Western audience, her translations prioritize readability and are more concise and accessible
Governing about Ecotourism in the Context of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Full text linkEcotourism is a sustainable, efficient, and environmentally friendly economic development trend. Many countries worldwide have successfully implemented policies to manage nature conservation, biodiversity, tourist control, education, and raising awareness of ecotourism. Effective management of ecotourism is a challenge between economic development and environmental protection. In this context, the article presents the problem of ecotourism management in Ho Chi Minh City, one of the largest cities in Vietnam today. The article focuses on clarifying the concept, role, characteristics, and contents of state management of ecotourism to help improve this work\u27s efficiency in the future