Sprin Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences
Not a member yet
320 research outputs found
Sort by
ENHANCING ENGLISH LANGUAGE ORAL PARTICIPATION: STRATEGIES USED BY GRADE 9 ENGLISH TEACHERS IN ZAMBOANGA DEL NORTE’S 3RD DISTRICT
Full text linkThis study investigated the activities and approaches employed by Grade 9 English teachers to promote oral participation in schools within the 3rd District of Zamboanga del Norte. Using a descriptive research method, the study provided a complete summary of the methods used to enhance students’ oral communication skills. Twenty Grade 9 English teachers participated as respondents, completing a checklist questionnaire for data collection. Statistical tools, including frequency counts and rankings, were used to analyze the data. The result revealed that activities such as oral quizzes, brainstorming, role playing, debate, and presentations were widely used in the classroom to foster English language oral participation. Similarly, teachers utilized various approaches, including reading, communicative language teaching, language-based, collaborative, personal-based, information-based, reflective, and task-based approaches. These findings highlighted the importance of employing engaging and effective strategies to foster active participation and proficiency in English communication among students. A sourcebook was gathered to provide effective teaching activities and approaches to promote English language oral participation among Grade 9 students
Human Resource Management in Afghanistan’s Civil Service Commission (Republic Era): Challenges and Strategic Solutions
Full text linkThis study critically examines Human Resource Management (HRM) in the Civil Service Commission of Afghanistan (ACSC) from the Republic era (2001–2021), an era characterized by structural, political, and socio-cultural complications that undermined public administration efficiency. The civil service was bedeviled by routine challenges of politicized hiring, poor institutional capacity, institutionalized corruption, and entrenched gender disparities. These issues were compounded by poor performance management systems, a dearth of formal training programs, and overdependence on foreign assistance, which skewed the labor market and undermined local HR capabilities.
Analysis in this research is based on the Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) and New Public Management (NPM) paradigms. SHRM focuses on linking human resources to the long-term objectives of an organization, a crucial strategy to develop a professionalized, responsive, and accountable civil service. Concurrently, NPM espouses efficiency, transparency, decentralization, and performance-based accountability principles—fundamental ingredients of public sector reform, particularly in fragile or post-conflict environments. These frameworks inform the analysis of institutional reactions to HRM issues, policy reform tactics, and their enforcement across Afghanistan's civil service environment.
Against these systemic vulnerabilities, the report identifies key strategic reforms to re-vitalize the civil service. Foremost among them were the establishment of the Independent Administrative Reform and Civil Service Commission (IARCSC), computerized and merit-based recruitment procedures, and the introduction of capacity-building schemes in cooperation with international development partners. Further initiatives were focused on gender disparities through human resource policies encouraging equal remunerations, anti-harassment schemes, and increased flexibility in the workplace.
Using a qualitative, desk-based method, the study builds on credible secondary evidence to thematically review trends and results in HRM reform. The results show that although these interventions produced modest improvements in transparency and administrative effectiveness, deeply rooted political interference and institutional vulnerability were the main obstacles to lasting change. In conclusion, the research finds that effective and sustainable HRM reform in Afghanistan demands a holistic, long-term strategy based on meritocracy, institutionalization, gender equality, and local capacity building, irrespective of extended external donor reliance
Demystifying the Hypodermic Needle Theory: EFL Students’ Journey from Passive to Critical Social Media Consumption
Full text linkThis paper is a critical analysis of the relevance of Hypodermic Needle Theory when applied to digital media usage in EFL students with a view of criticizing the idea of media audiences as passive receivers of media message. Utilizing both the quantitative and qualitative data gathered among students at the Moulay Ismail University, the research examines the process through which EFL student interacts and assesses content in diverse social media sites. The results indicate a very good media activity with the majority of the participants spending more than three hours a day on YouTube, WhatsApp, and Facebook. Although the main usage purpose was established as entertainment, the statistics show that a considerable part of the EFL students are rather critically aware. The respondents often evaluate sources in terms of their credibility, watch out to not be influenced emotionally, compare the data on different platforms, and share their use of social media as educational tools to improve their lives. Such actions represent active thinking and involvement in the media, and they disprove completely the passivity of audiences based on the assumptions of the Hypodermic Needle Theory. The mixed-method approach of the study provides a detailed snapshot of the digital literacy of students and their capability of using the content of the social media sites in a skeptical and thoughtful manner. The study will lead to a more proper perception of the media power in the digital era due to the illumination of the role played by students in constructing their experiences online. The particular relevance of the study is due to its attempt of amalgamating theoretical assumptions with those that happen in the reality, still, with limitations related to the small scale of the studied university as well as the self-reported nature of the setting. However, the results are of great significance to media literacy education and modern communication theory
Attitude of Maritime Students toward School-related Factors and their Academic Performance: Basis for Policy Intervention
Full text linkThis study aimed to assess maritime students' attitudes toward various school-related factors and how they correlate with their academic performance at Jose Rizal Memorial State University during the first semester of the academic year 2023-2024. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods were employed to gather data for analysis. The results indicated that the respondents strongly agreed with their teachers, other students, class handling, instructional materials, and facilities. Further analysis of the results suggests that there is no significant difference in the respondents’ attitude towards school-related factors and their profile in terms of head of household educational level, socio-economic status, and program enrolled. The overall academic performance of 1st-year maritime students was good during the 1st semester of the academic year 2023-2024. It can be concluded that there is no significant relationship between maritime students' attitudes towards school-related factors and their academic performance in major subjects. Hence, Maritime schools may consider adopting the proposed policy intervention developed by the researcher
Negotiating Multilingual Identities: Language Practices among Subanen Children in Last-Mile Indigenous Schools of Southern Philippines
Full text linkThis paper explores the process of multilingual identities being negotiated by Subanen children who attend two last-mile Indigenous schools in Dipolog City, Philippines. With a mixed-method design, data on sixty pupil-respondents and six multigrade teachers using a quantitative approach were analyzed together with the observations and interviews in the classrooms. Findings showed that there existed a loud gap between high-pride (M = 4.70) and very low use (M = 1.03) and ability (M = 0.03) of the language among the pupils. There was a uniform use of English as the medium of instruction and constant code-switching to Cebuano but no use of Subanen. The qualitative data revealed the structural, ideological, and meaningful limitations of the dominance of the English and Cebuano subjugating Subanen in the classroom. The paper comes to the conclusion that Subanen identity is an emotional centre of learners but it is linguistically relocated under the existing multilingual-bureaucracies. Results indicate a pressing necessity to use culturally responsive, translanguaging-driven pedagogies to reestablish Indigenous language practices and affirm learner identities in Philippine public education
Bullying of Secondary Teachers in Dapitan City Lived Experiences, Challenges, and Institutional Responses
Full text linkBullying in educational establishments is often theorised and perceived as a problem that plagues students; however, bullying of teachers is an unaddressed, but important problem. The research study will explore the lived experiences of the secondary teachers in the Dapitan City Schools Division which has experienced student-afflicted bullying. The study uses a qualitative phenomenological approach in examining the different types of bullying that teacher face; the verbal type, non-verbal type, and indirect bullying. Information was gathered through in-depth interviews of sampled teachers in secondary schools, which gives a picture of the nature, consequences and coping mechanisms of student-initiated bullying. The results show that the most frequent forms that have been reported include verbal harassment, intentional neglect, offensive behavior, and defiance, which leads to emotional suffering, increased stress levels, and lack of instructional motivation. The respondents complained of humiliating, disrespect, and frustration, and a percentage of them thought quitting because of the continued negative experiences. The lack of a supportive institution and the unwillingness to report cases aggravates the problem. This paper highlights the need to change the policies ensuring safety of teachers in line with the current policies protecting students against bullying. Some of the recommendations are the creation of teacher support systems, institutional intervention strategies and professional development programmes that are aimed at classroom management and conflict resolution. Further studies ought to be conducted among the systemic ramifications of teacher bullying on the educational ecosystem and the relationship between students and teachers, which will help to create safer and more favorable learning environments of both teachers and students
The Effects of Cattle Rustling on Pupils’ Access to Education: A case Study of Kabichibich Sub-Location, West Pokot County, Kenya
Full text linkThe current study explores the effects of cattle rustling on pupils’ access to education: a case study of Kabichibich Sub-Location, West Pokot County, Kenya. Residents in Kabichbich Sub-location in West Pokot County, had observed how livestock rustling has affected education in the area. Though it has deep cultural roots, cattle rustling threatens people's ability to make a living and their children's future opportunities. The following research questions served as the basis for this investigation: What are the causes of cattle rustling in Kabichbich Sub- location, West Pokot County Kenya? In what way does cattle rustle influence pupil’s access to quality education in Kabichbich Sub- location, West Pokot County Kenya? and What are the possible ways to control cattle rustling in Kabichbich Sub-location, West Pokot County Kenya? The study used Melville Herskovits' "Complex Theory" (1926), which states that pastoralists have an unquenchable, irrational, and compelling attachment to cattle which undermines education as transformative tool. The study used both qualitative and quantitative approach. For the quantitative approach, the study used a descriptive survey approach, however, for the qualitative approach, the study used purposive sampling. The total number of respondents were 67, which consists of 42 students, 8 teachers, 2 principles and 7 community members from 2 nearby schools. The sample size was derived at using Yamane’s method. Members of the community, including religious leaders, city authorities, and educational officers, as well as students, instructors, and principals, were interviewed, and they were also asked to fill out a structured questionnaire. In order to ensure confidentiality, the respondents were asked not to reveal their identities. The reliability of the research instruments was assessed via the use of the test-retest method. The researcher wanted to make sure the instruments were accurate for the study. The SPSS program was used to analyse the information, while thematic description was used to analyse qualitative data. percentages and frequencies were used to study quantitative data. Bar charts was used to display the findings. The study concluded that, cattle rustling was a major challenge to education. Academic performance reflects the quality of education that was not provided due to high rates of student and teacher absenteeism and school dropouts, inadequate school facilities, and pervasive insecurity. Among the recommendations, included, building more boarding schools, to protect children to provide safety for the students
A comparative study of Ethics of Jainism and of Mahatma Gandhi with Special reference to Ahimsa and observance of Vows
Full text linkThis paper examines the ethical frameworks of Jainism and Mahatma Gandhi with a special focus on Ahimsa (non-violence) and the observance of vows. Jainism, one of the oldest religions in the world, emphasizes strict adherence to Ahimsa and self-discipline through vows as core tenets of its ethical system. Similarly, Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy, deeply influenced by Jain principles, elevated Ahimsa to a universal moral ideal, incorporating it into his social and political movements. The objective of this study is to explore the commonalities between these two ethical approaches, particularly regarding the principles of non-violence and vow observance. Using secondary data sourced from books, journals, and research articles, the study undertakes a comparative analysis to reveal the shared values and their relevance in modern contexts. The findings highlight the enduring significance of Ahimsa and disciplined living in promoting personal and societal harmony. This comparative exploration aims to contribute to the broader understanding of how ancient and modern ethical frameworks converge in their pursuit of peace and moral excellence
Bullying, Self-Esteem, and Speaking Proficiency: A study on Marine cadets
Full text linkBullying is widespread in educational institutions globally and impacts children and adolescents. It entails dominant or majority individuals targeting weaker or dissimilar individuals through physical, verbal, or exclusionary methods. This study employed a quantitative technique and a correlational research design to ascertain the relationship between students' experiences of bullying, their speaking ability, and self-esteem. The study participants consisted of cadets enrolled in GE-PC (Purposive Communication) during the second semester of the 2022–2023 academic year. The cadets were enrolled in the College of Maritime Education at Jose Rizal Memorial State University, pursuing a Bachelor of Science in Marine Transportation and a Bachelor of Science in Marine Engineering. The findings indicate that respondents infrequently experienced bullying on average. The responders may possess a profound deficiency in self-respect, which significantly impacts their self-esteem, despite their adequate speaking abilities. They also exhibited a deficiency in fluency. Moreover, a significant correlation existed between speaking proficiency and experiences of bullying, as well as between students' self-esteem and instances of bullying. Occurrences of consistent mockery coupled with sporadic bullying undermine initial convictions. Enduring manifestations of bullying disclose fundamental tendencies despite their infrequency. Despite the respondents' favourable self-perception, their confidence in task performance is questionable. Robust verbal communication abilities, along with speech fluency challenges, suggest a correlation between speaking competence and experiences of bullying, which affect self-esteem. This study indicates that marine programs can address covert bullying through the implementation of explicit policies, awareness initiatives, and support networks. Workshops may be organized to improve practical skills and cultivate resilience. Exercises, feedback, and stress management are recommended to enhance speaking proficiency. For impacted youngsters, peer networks, communication training, and anti-bullying legislation foster a supportive environment
Rooting Democracy in Good Governance: An ISM Approach
Full text linkDemocracy offers a promising system of accountability and citizen-centric governance in place. More than a system of governance, it refers to a way of life, a social structure, a method of establishing social and economic ties, and most importantly, a set of moral principles. Effective collaboration between the government and the populace leads to good governance. But it can be held that, we cannot have good governance in place without democracy. The article demonstrates through the Interpretive Structural Model (ISM) approach that “democracy and good governance are symbiotic and complement each other” heavily lean toward the assumption of “can’t’ have democracy without good governance.