Sprin Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences
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The role of the Context in the internal form of the roof of Akbari Mosque
Get PDFBackground and contextualism in traditional Iranian architecture are one of its inseparable features. However, in the contemporary era after the emergence of modernism in the West, attention to the field intensified. One of the types of contextualism is climate contextualism, which pays special attention to climate strategies. Iran has different climatic regions, so each region creates its climate. This climatic context has greatly contributed to the sustainability of old buildings and cities. Lahijan Akbariyeh Mosque is one of the traditional Iranian buildings that was built during the Qajar period. In the name of this mosque, like the nave of the hot and dry mosques of the country, the inner roof of the building has an arch and a dome. Meanwhile, the climatic background of Lahijan is sloping due to heavy rainfall. The question is what ventilation in the internal form of the roof of Akbarieh Mosque in Lahijan has to do with the characteristics of the climatic background? What is the positive or negative role of this roof form in interior ventilation? This article states with a descriptive-analytical method that the internal form of the roof of Akbarieh Mosque in Lahijan in terms of internal ventilation does not follow the principles of climatic contextualism in the Gilan region and also does not have a negative impact on the process of internal ventilation
Combining Tradition and Modernism in Contemporary Afghan Women Painting
Get PDFAfghan contemporary women painters relying on the foundations of modernism and the legacy of visual tradition have found a great presence in contemporary art in this country. In this regard, these painters have created artworks in political and social contexts, women's issues, portraiture, inanimate nature, and figures. The question is how Afghan contemporary women's painters have used the rich country's assets in their contemporary painting? And what are their attitudes to this old treasure? This paper provides results using a descriptive-analytical method and using the library and archive resources. First, not only the attitude towards the past and the visual capital of painting, both for men and Afghan contemporary women's painters, are not reactionary, but it is also wealth for their contemporary works; it has been promoted visually. It was also found that the functions of painting in the works of these female painters can be seen in the application of elements such as colour (coordination), golden colour, divergence or use frame failure by plant images, the combination of plant designs, geometric, illumination or divination, and Calligraphy with painting, as well as the combination of naturalist painting with plant designs, as well as combining elements such as Simorgh, Islamic architectural designs, or flowers and chicken with oil paintings. It was also found that two types of socio-political approaches to expressing women's concerns and issues and paying attention to painting to revitalize the heritage of this land have attracted the most attention of the Afghan contemporary women painters
No Gender- inequality in Agrarian sector during the covid-19 pandemic: A Study of the ‘Parawila Watta’ Tamil State in Monaragala District
Get PDFThe covid-19 pandemic creates a severe threat to worldwide people’s lives and livelihoods. It is not just a health disaster but also an economic, social, and, most importantly, a gender-inequality crisis. Some gender-specific impacts occurred, such as increased violence towards women & girls. The research objectives identify the differences in gender stereotypes between families and the agrarian workplace, the key issues they face, and then provide recommendations to accelerate the advancement of gender equality through the agricultural sector. The research problem is, why did agrarian estate women become more vulnerable than men during the pandemic period? A research field based on the ‘Parawila Watta’ Tamil state (rubber & sugarcane cultivation) and people aged 15-50 category, both men and women. Information was analyzed using these qualitative and quantitative methods. Interviews and observations were used as primary and statistical data sources and national and international research as secondary data sources. SPSS software is used to analyze data. The research findings explained the increase of violence against agrarian women as covid-19 has exacerbated known problematic issues of family violence, financial problems, psychological problems, unnecessary pregnancies in the family and labour exploitation, salary issues, sexual violence and job insecurity in the agrarian workplace.
According to the Patron-client relationship, the woman is the employee on the plantation and in the family. Therefore she becomes more exposed and vulnerable during the pandemic. Men worked in public spaces outside the estate while married women toiled in the agricultural sector, and many men lost their employment due to the epidemic. But they didn’t join to plantations & forcibly took the women’s daily wage. However, their daily wage of LKR 740 was also reduced due to the pandemic, which was insufficient to support her family. Finally, it’s clear that the agricultural women face several crises as employees in the workplace and in the family. Therefore, they can’t escape from the effects of patriarchy even in times of pandemics and discrimination from diverse factors against women living in agricultural estates
A Manifesto for the Fluidity of the Igbo Space and Achebe’s Reconstructions in his Narratives
Get PDFThis paper seeks to reveal Chinua Achebe’s verisimilitude in his colonial-era narratives: Things Fall Apart and Arrow of God. These two novels owe their roots to constructs and happenstances that range from myth and semi-myth to real-life events. These occurrences and scenes are congruent to Achebe’s fictional societies partly because of the artistry, believability, and binding force of the warps and wefts of the author’s story-telling craft and partly due to their realistic reality nature. Using the New Historicism critical theory, a re-interrogation of these seminal works will reveal a unique pan-Igbo albeit utopian world, where special characters, scenes, interactions, and revelations play a pivotal role in Achebe’s dream Igbo nation. This, in essence, is his new dream environment, a meta-tale hovering above the two linear plots of the narratives, implicit and ontologically joined but revealed by this paper. 
The Transition from Democracy to Autocratic Rule
Get PDFIt is difficult to talk about real democracy in our history of the democratic system except for the first periods of the Democratic Party (DP) between 1950 and 1954. A few years after the 1960 Constitution was implemented and the first periods of Turgut Özal (Motherland Party -ANAP) between 1984 and 1989, the Justice and Development Party (AKP) period after 2002 until 2010.
Turkey has been controlled by the Justice and Development Party (AKP) since 2002. After some reforms initially, the AKP government showed growing contempt for political rights and civil liberties. Following an attempted coup in 2016, the country’s authoritarian nature was established entirely, prompting a harsh crackdown on perceived leadership opponents. In 2017, constitutional amendments concentrated power in the hands of the President.
As a result of the negativities experienced and the changes in the system, according to the 2021 Freedom House report, Turkey’s new category is “not freedom.”
While President exerts tremendous power in Turkish politics, hopefully, opposition victories in the 2019 municipal elections demonstrated that presidential authority was not unlimited.
There were several steps in Turkey’s transition from democracy to autocratic rule. These stages should be well understood and analyzed in the countries where democracies declined, and necessary precautions should be taken.
A glimpse of the Reception of Tagore in the Arabic Literature
Get PDFRabindranath Tagore (1861-1941) was a polymath and one of the most versatile and accomplished writers of his age. His fame transcended the national boundaries, especially after he had been conferred the prestigious ‘Nobel Prize’ in 1913 for his masterpiece “Gitanjali”. So, the Arabic-Speaking World was not supposed to be isolated in this regard. Subsequently, when Tagore received the Nobel Prize on 13th November 1913, the Arab World came forward to welcome and celebrate the news wholeheartedly because Tagore was not only the first Indian but the first Asian to receive the prestigious award. So, daily newspapers of several Arab countries expressed their excitement and enthusiasm soon after the Nobel Committee announced that Tagore had won the Nobel Prize and Egypt was at the forefront as we find that several reputed dailies and journals published the news such as the daily al-Ahram and the journals Saut al-Sharq, al-Hilal, al-Jinan and al-Muqtataf etc. Later, many Arabic writers and translators paid their special attention to his literary works. And many books, research papers and articles were written discussing his life, literature, philosophy and spirituality. As he was a renowned personality all over the world, much has been written and being written about him. His diversified works of literature are studied and researched. Journal articles and conference papers are written and presented nationally and internationally. Hence, I don’t intend to take up any of these aspects to discuss in this concise paper. As it’s clear from the title of the article, I would try to discuss and highlight how he has been received, read and revered in the Arab World through Arabic writings and translations of Tagoreana
Management of Waqf Properties: A Case Study in Sri Lanka
Get PDFWaqf is an essential component of the Islamic economic instrument that is firmly considered to be capable of resolving socio-economic issues, primarily in the effort to eradicate poverty caused by a lack of income and work. Based on the analysis of the semi-structured interview, this study seeks to investigate the role of the Waqf Board of Sri Lanka and the challenges and issues arising in managing waqf assets. The review of the literature contributed to constructing its theoretical structure. The findings reveal several shortcomings in the administration of waqf assets, including insufficient skilled human resources, lack of utilization of waqf assets, unawareness of the community on waqf, misuse of the waqf assets, and shortage of transparency and accountability. Hence, the study proposes that the proper management of the waqf assets would be sufficient to meet most if not all the needs of the community to a significant extent. The findings will be beneficial to waqf managers and will help enhance waqf institution administration and management. The findings will be beneficial to waqf managers and will help enhance waqf management
The Youth Uprising Movements in Sri Lanka in 2022
Get PDFToday Sri Lanka is facing a huge economic crisis and political crisis due to intemperate corruption. Ordinary people are not in a position to face this crisis. Therefore, to find a solution to this crisis, the youth population of Sri Lanka came forward. Still, they are playing a considerable role in Sri Lanka’s political sphere. On the 1st of April 2022, the protest started at the president’s residence in Mirihana. The protestors demanded the resignation of the president and Prime Minister from the government. They use slogans such as ‘Go Home Gota, Government without Rajapakshas, and Give us our stolen money.’ In this situation, three months ago, the youth population of Sri Lanka started a protest that is called ‘Aadaraye Aragalaya.’ This article enunciates the youth uprising movements in Sri Lanka and the objective of writing this article is to share the value of doing a democratic revolution to change world politics, especially in an undemocratic system. Sri Lanka used this democratic revolution to change the ruling system in 2022. The important fact is that for doing this protest, the population of youth is giving their support for a positive purpose. Therefore, this article intends to explore the definitions of youth and youth political participation, the youth uprising movements in world history, the History of the youth uprising movement in Sri Lanka, and finally cogitated the nature of the youth uprising movement against the Rajapaksa’s regime in 2022
The Study of Pashto Theosophy and Mysticism in the Mogul Age
Get PDFThe Moguls conquered Khorasan and ruled there for many years. In this situation, enlightened people (Olama), spirituals, mystics, and Sufis recognized that war causes destruction and damage. Therefore, they turned to seclusion. This event increased the aspect of mystical and theosophical literature and created more and more mystical and theosophical phenomena. With respect to the Pashtu language, Theosophy and mysticism were added to its literature in the 7th century and remained till the 12th century. The Indian king, Babur, was well represented in Pashto theosophy and mysticism during the Mogul period. At the time, theosophy and mysticism had social, even religious, aspects that any ordinary person looking for a better sheikh or guru could easily identify. At this time, mysticism found its way and acceptability among Pashtuns, which caused them to create more mystic poems. Among the Cheshtia, Qadiria, Naqshbandia, Kebroia, and Roshania sects, there were considerable gurus (sheikhs) of Pashtuns who rewarded the valuable pieces of mysticism that contained distinct introspection and special attention to the inside of discipleship. Having a sheikh (guru) and using poetic language for declaring sensations and telling stories, standing against cruelty, humanitarianism, and pure and real love, mystics are very popular in Pashtu literature
Linguistics in Social Media: An Analysis on the Writing Conventions of Students’ Blog Posts
Get PDFThis study analyzed the writing conventions of students’ blog posts as to mechanics, usage, and sentence formation. The blog entries of college students taking a language class served as the sources of data in this mixed-methods study. Content analysis was used in order to determine the errors in the text. Each sentence was analyzed to identify the errors committed by the students. These were then categorized according to the indicators found in the framework. The quantitative data were treated using the frequency and percentage of the errors committed by the students. The mechanics category had the highest number of errors, according to the findings. The errors made by the students as to mechanics were in punctuation, capitalization, and spelling; on usage, they were in verb tense, word order, and S-V agreement; and on sentence formation, they were in simple, compound, and complex sentences. The act of writing is incredibly difficult and requires adhering to the correct grammar rules, selecting the right words, utilizing the correct punctuation, and organizing ideas into the appropriate sentences. This study suggested that the language teacher may offer power point games, worksheets, and online games on verb tenses; students may trade assignments with their peers so that they can proofread one another's entries; and students may be given an infographic on "Writing Online: Improving Writing Skills through Blogging" to help them identify the typical mistakes made while writing online and advice on how to avoid them