Sprin Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences
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The Role of carpet weaving women in the rural economy of Afghanistan
Get PDFAfghanistan is a country where 50% of the population is women and they play an important economic role in the leadership of family centers, the role of Afghan women is very important in the development of the country's economy visibly and invisibly. The Afghan carpet, which is world-renowned and unique in terms of its gender, nature, color, and design, has always been an adornment of Afghans' reception rooms, both inside and outside. Even wealthy non-Afghan families in Europe and America make their homes with this exquisite carpet. Also, this industry is one of the important export items of our country, and Afghan businessmen earn huge sums of money from this product every year. But these beautiful carpets and other handicrafts that amaze the viewer are woven by the weak hands of women and girls. Who spend 98% of their precious life above wooden workshops and in rooms full of dust, dim light, and sometimes humid while thousands of worries and troubles bother them
Political Awakening in Kashmir through Urdu Newspapers from 1924-1975: A historical Study
Get PDFThis paper is intended to bring on limelight the role of some prominent political organizations in Jammu and Kashmir and their internal political development within the state. The paper is an attempt to look objectively into the role of such organizations in raising political awareness among Kashmiri masses through a variety of means and tools in the shape of newspapers, especially Urdu newspapers, which were crucial in raising political consciousness. In this context this paper will make a modest attempt to illuminate the press’s development from its beginnings and their contribution to the national awakening of Kashmir's masses. As we saw how the press encountered a number of challenges at the national level under colonial control, the state press likewise encountered a lot of challenges during this time and was opposed by the state government on every level. The Punjabi newspapers, on the other hand, were essential in raising the voice of Kashmir during early phase of the 20th century, which in turn helped the Kashmiri masses become more politically aware. Additionally, this paper would make a small attempt to investigate how these newspapers unite people socio-culturally and politically. There are large number of newspapers which cover wide-ranging issues so for as the Kashmir issue is concerned. There were a lot of newspapers published in Urdu, but most of them only lasted for about six months once they displayed their political leanings, which the government forbade
The attribution of Wisdom to Prophets in Khaja Ahmad Yassawi’s works
Get PDFThe present research examines the spread of Sufi doctrine throughout Central Asia, with a particular focus on that of Khoja Ahmed Yassawi. We endeavored to demonstrate their fundamental worth by utilizing Ahmed Yassawi's 'Divani Hikmet' and 'Masnavi' poetry, among other religious writings. In this paper, we examine the relationship between the prophets' words (Yassawi’s list of main Sufi concepts) and other mystical concepts. Our objective was to determine the artistic and aesthetic significance of these concepts in the poet's works. In addition, Khoja Ahmed Yassawi's Islamic viewpoints on morality, empathy, spiritual purification, and other related topics are presented
Afghanistan's National Traditions and Superstitions in Khaled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner
Get PDFIn contemporary art, folkloric elements inevitably find their place and that are widely included in artistic depictions. For this reason, it is impossible to fit all the folkloric elements, within the boundaries of an article. Because of that, it would be appropriate to investigate these elements under separate titles. In addition, the abundance of folkloric elements in artistic works is an indication that they are rich in content. From this perspective, the value of such studies will increase even more. In this study, the national traditions and superstitions of Afghanistan mentioned in Khaled Hosseini's novel The Kite Runner are evaluated, taking into account the mentioned topics. Investigations of The Kite Runner by researchers from different perspectives shows the richness of this novel in terms of content and its strength in terms of technique, and further increases the importance of the study. During the study, it was found that traditions were mentioned more in the novel The Kite Runner and detailed information was given about them; that superstitions are discussed less and detailed information is not given. In addition, in this study, the national traditions and superstitions of Afghanistan are explained with details
Assessing the Impact of Holistic Intervention Program for Children in Conflict with the Law (CICL) After Rehabilitation in Bahay Pag-Asa in Cauayan City, Isabela
Get PDFThis study examines the impact of holistic intervention programs for Children in Conflict with the Law (CICL) who underwent rehabilitation at Bahay Pag-Asa. The research investigates the experiences of the children, challenges encountered during the intervention programs, strategies employed to address these challenges, the effects of the programs on rehabilitation, and the valuable lessons learned. The findings of the study show that while some children had positive experiences and benefited from vocational training, sports, and spiritual enhancement, others faced difficulties adapting to the structured environment and needed more personalized attention. The intervention programs positively influenced rehabilitation, increasing self-awareness, improved social skills, and enhanced vocational abilities. However, the study identified challenges like loneliness, homesickness, and social problems. The findings highlight the need for ongoing support, individualized interventions, and comprehensive reintegration strategies. This research contributes to understanding practical rehabilitation approaches for CICL and underscores the importance of holistic programs in promoting successful reintegration into society
Reasons for Afghan Teachers’ First Language Use in EFL Classes
Get PDFThe use of L1 in EFL classes has been an ongoing debate for many years since language educators use L1 in EFL classes for different reasons. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the reasons for Afghan teachers' L1 use in EFL classes at Balkh University. Semi-structured interview was conducted with a sample of 5 EFL educators with 10-15 years of teaching experience from the English Department of Balkh University. The sample for the study was chosen purposively due to proximity, easy accessibility and availability of the participants. Content analysis was employed for the analysis of the obtained data from the study based on the emergent themes. The result shows that Afghan EFL teachers at Balkh University use L1 in their classes for different purposes, namely, as a pedagogical tool for clarification, as a tool for establishing rapport, as a discipline and class management tool, based on curriculum and syllabus demand and as per need of students’ level of language proficiency
The three big wars between Afghanistan and England
Get PDFFrom the establishment of Ahmad Shah Durrani's government in Kandahar, Afghanistan had become a completely independent country in the region. For this reason, the first rulers of this country come to power and acted as king, which resulted in the domination of foreign countries, especially England, in Afghanistan some of the king or ruler, like Shah Zaman Durrani, was very interested in conquering the northern and northwestern regions of India. On this issue, in the early year of 1797, Shah Zaman sent a message to Marquis Wesley, the Governor General of the East India Company, informing him of his decision to conquer the northern parts of India and inviting him to help push the Maratha tribe back to the Deccan and cooperate with Afghan forces. Finally, these actions imposed a series of agreements on Afghanistan that are still in place today. During the first period of Shah Shuja's reign, 1804-1809, the first treaty that was imposed, called the Peshawar Treaty, was signed by the representatives of Afghanistan and England, Alfinstin from England, Muhammad Akram, Amin Mulk, and Abul Hasan, the treasurer of Shah Shuja, on June 17, 1809, in Peshawar. The British signed three treaties with Shah Shuja. The Treaty of Peshawar, Treaty of Lahore, and Treaty of Kandahar, in all three of these treaties Shah Shuja was in different conditions. The colonialist actions of the British caused a lot of opposition from the people and governments of Afghanistan, and among all the colonial powers of that time, the European country was the first country that paid special attention to Afghanistan and its foreign policy and was still earlier than others in its internal affairs. Interfered, Britain was controlled by the East India Company from India, the said company had been able to develop its political, military, and economic influence in the land of India until the end of the 18th century. One of the most important reasons for the three wars between the two countries was the policy of development and advancement of Britain and protecting India from powers like Russia and France, and also the competition between the two empires of Russia and England in Central Asia, which led to British aggression in the territory of Afghanistan and Taking many parts of these lands was imposed by signing treaties and contracts
The cultural relationship between Afghanistan and Iran during the reign of Amir Amanullah Khan
Get PDFAfter the end of the First World War, Amanullah Khan came to power with the contribution of the Afghan people and Reza Shah with the help of the British in the two countries of Afghanistan and Iran with a short distance from each other. Each of these kings in the early years of their reigns, trying to stabilize their position, preferred to postpone dealing with their fundamental differences in the borders, which were a legacy of the past, to another time and have good relations with each other. In this way, Amanullah Khan was a guest of Reza Shah on his return from his European trip and visited many cultural institutions and people of Iran, but due to his proximity to Turkey, Reza Shah meet him not closely when Amanullah Khan arrived in Kabul, his idea become change with Reza Shah that he was upset with Iran's government because of this, it caused the decline of Iran-Afghanistan political relations, also on the other hand Afghanistan and Iran are two countries with a common history in the period of Amanullah Khan (1919 – 1929 AD) had many fields to promote and expand of relations. There were still great global powers that always tried to prevent the expansion of political, economic, and cultural relations between the two countries, but the interest and desire of the two nations of Afghanistan and Iran led to the continuation and expansion of special cultural relations with the preservation and spread of the Persian language and literature. Despite many ups and downs of relations between the two countries, cultural relations have always been the area relied upon to improve the relations between the two neighboring countries. Because cultural relations have been expanded at this level, these relations have always been the basis and foundation for the expansion of relations for other sectors, or even the replacement of political relations, which have been the focus of attention
Factors and Consequences of Polygamy in Afghanistan
Get PDFThe aim of this paper is to investigate factors that cause the men in Afghanistan to turn to polygamy and show its familial, social and economic consequences.
Polygamy is one of the axial discussions in Islamic sociology and a doctrinal belief in its social aspect. Continually Muslim intellectuals have been studying and describing the theme of polygamy and its preconditions, from different points of views in its all aspects. If we look into the preconditions that Islam has put, we find out that the holy religion of Islam allows the polygamy in the case that man can provide justice including moral justice such as having good relation based on bilateral respect with all wives, economic justice such as distributing wealth fairly among his spouses. The research shows that main factors of polygamy in Afghanistan are piety, tribal rivalry, need of social immunity, abortion of the first wife, being sonless, illness of the wife, unawareness of the husband from his responsibilities, richness, social power and position and differences among spouses. Polygamy has positive consequences as it prevents the man from adultery, obscene actions and when the first wife is abortive, it paves the way for the man to have children from another wife. There are also negative consequences for polygamy; the important instances are increase of family disputes among wives, vagrancy of their children, spread of enmity among families, problem of not following justice and finally it causes heavenly punishment for the man. This paper suggests that polygamy should be enacted only in the case when the legal and religious conditions are provided by the man
ALLUSION QUEST FOR TRANSLATORS: TO TRANSLATE OR NOT TO TRANSLATE
Get PDFResearch purpose. The research aims at identifying and revealing the tendencies of translating allusions from English (as the source language) into Lithuanian (as the target language) in the texts of The Economist and their correspondences in the magazine IQ.
Methodological approach. The paper suggests the theoretical background of the concept of allusion and the main strategies of its translation. The practical analysis is based on 54 examples found in the 28 articles of the source language with their corresponding translations into the target language. The descriptive contrastive linguistic method has been applied for processing the data selected.
Findings. The analysis of the cases of allusion transference reveals the fact that the most common allusion translation strategies from the source language into the target one involves the direct translation and the direct translation with minimum changes complying with the rules of the Lithuanian language system, which allow a translator to remain faithful to the source text and convey the initial intention to well-educated and literate audiences. The ways of translation by adding extra allusive guidance and translator’s notes, using a more familiar substitution, or eliminating the allusion in the target language have been fewer in number, but with a skilful application accommodate the needs of the source language audiences.
Value and practical implications. The texts of contemporary mass media demonstrate the presence of a variety of historical, religious, cultural, and literary references that usually pose a real challenge to a translator intending to convey the author’s original intention and, at the same time, make the message comprehensible for the target readership. A well-chosen strategy for allusion translation in the texts of mass media can attract larger audiences and help to avoid confusion and misunderstanding