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<i>Whitehead: Naddania i (w)zrosty</i> by Lech Witkowski: A Commentary for the Educational Sciences in the Context of the Francophone Discourse
No full textPrzedmiotem artykułu jest analiza najnowszej rozprawy Lecha Witkowskiego pt. Whitehead. Naddania i (w)zrosty dla humanistyki i edukacji (2024), przeprowadzona w kontekście recepcji twórczości Whiteheada w dyskursie frankofońskim oraz z punktu widzenia znaczenia myśli Whiteheada dla poszerzenia horyzontu nauk o wychowaniu. Szeroki zakres tematyczny rozprawy Lecha Witkowskiego, jak również twórczości Whiteheada i jej recepcji w dyskursie frankofońskim, wymagał zastosowania ograniczeń. W analizie skupiono się na kilku konceptach, wzbogacających dyskurs nauk o wychowaniu. Są to głównie: koncept kultury możliwości, obejmujący potencjały wzrostu i wrastania społeczno-kulturowego oraz koncept procesualności rozwijanej w spiralnie harmonicznej rytmiczności, obejmujący też kwestię współistnienia porządku i chaosu, a także koncept stawania się, zawierający proces tworzenie siebie i autokreacji. Zasygnalizowano także momenty krytyczne i uwagi translacyjne w recepcji Whiteheada.The subject of this article is an analysis of Lech Witkowski’s latest book, Whitehead. Naddania i (w)zrosty dla humanistyki i edukacji (2024), conducted in the context of the reception of Whitehead’s thought within the Francophone discourse, as well as from the perspective of its significance for broadening the horizons of the educational sciences. The broad thematic scope of Witkowski’s work, as well as of Whitehead’s writings and their Francophone reception, necessitated a selective approach. The analysis focuses on several key concepts that enrich the discourse of the educational sciences. These include, above all: the concept of a culture of possibilities, encompassing the potentials for socio-cultural growth and embedding; the concept of processuality, developed in a spirally harmonious rhythm, which also includes the tension between order and chaos; and the concept of becoming, which entails the processes of self-formation and self-creation. The article also signals critical moments and translational remarks within the Francophone reception of Whitehead’s thought
From the merchant Józef Wołowski of Płock to the repatriate Andrzej Władysław Wołowski of Warsaw
No full textPłocczanin Hieronim Wołowski i jego syn Andrzej Władysław Wołowski wywodzili się od płockiego kupca i radnego Józefa Wołowskiego. Celem artykułu jest weryfikacja prawdziwych i nieprawdziwych treści zawartych w biogramach
tych bohaterów, a także poszerzenie wiedzy o ślady ich rodzeństwa: płocczanina, lekarza wojskowego Andrzeja Wołowskiego i dzieci Hieronima – publicysty Bronisława Wołowskiego i sekretarki Zachęty, Zofii Wołowskiej. Życiorysy Hieronima i Andrzeja Władysława Wołowskiego mieszczą się w okresie od tworzenia struktur Księstwa Warszawskiego do lat poprzedzających wybuch I wojny światowej.The merchant Józef Wołowski, twice elected as deputy of Płock, was the father of two November Insurgents: one a physician the other a lawyer. After the uprising, they returned to Brześć Kujawski for employment. Next, they moved to Warsaw, where the younger brother, Hieronim Wołowski, became an advocate of the Court of Appeal. Two of his children born in Warsaw became January Insurgents. After the emigrating the younger of them returned to Warsaw, and together with his sister Zofia, became an art dealer and then founded a gallery
Introduction. Theory in the Humanities and Social Sciences: Collusions of Approaches and Applications
No full textArtykuł stanowi wprowadzenie do 20. tomu „Nauk o Wychowaniu. Studia Interdyscyplinarne”. Prezentuje główne zagadnienie, jakim jest teoria i jej aplikacje, oraz ramę koncepcyjną tomu wraz z zarysem jego zawartości. W podsumowaniu przenosi akcent na dyskusję ze stanowiskami prezentowanymi w tomie, podejmując ją i zapraszając do kontynuacji.The article is an introduction to the 20th volume of „Nauki o Wychowaniu. Studia Interdisciplinarne”. It presents the main topic of theory and its applications, and the conceptual framework of the volume together with an outline of its contents. In the summary, it shifts the emphasis to a discussion on the positions presented in the volume, engaging it and inviting it to continue
Is Knowledge Really Power and Ignorance Bliss? A Study of Financial and Pension Ignorance
No full textIn this study, we examine the impact of financial and pension ignorance (information avoidance) on the decisionmaking
process for long-term savings. We define the concept of pension ignorance, as active avoidance of
retirement information, failure to make decisions regarding retirement savings, and a lack of strategic retirement
planning. To assess financial ignorance, we utilized the scale developed by Barrafrem et al. (2024), while pension
ignorance was evaluated using the scale designed by the authors. The study was conducted with a sample of
1,200 Polish residents aged 18 to 65, using the Computer-Assisted Web Interviewing (CAWI) method. The findings
reveal that both pension and financial ignorance play a significant role in explaining individuals’ willingness to save
for the long term
Początki przemian doświadczenia estetycznego sztuki na przełomie XX i XXI wieku
No full textWhat is the experience of the digital revolution? We experience being in an expanded space of contact, AR and VR. The development of genetics, the possibility of interfering with the DNA of the organism has influenced works in the field of bio art. Man has excluded technological creations from the scope of nature, distinguishing part of his specificity as so different that he needs acceptance of his own activity. The experience of art is a certain shared manifestation of being, intersubjective, specific to man. Part of this experience is related to the specific time of creation and reception of a given creation. An attempt to capture the current change in experience, a certain atmosphere shared by the latest changes in art, using pioneering tools of science, is not only a possibility to answer the question about the current identity of the contemporary recipient, participant of the network. It is a search for a common direction of future works of art, technological inventions, imagining and building an environment that responds to the current need of art, to what kind of being we want to design for ourselves.Jakie jest doświadczenie rewolucji cyfrowej? Doświadczamy bycia w rozszerzonej przestrzeni kontaktu, AR i VR. W przestrzeni sztuki każde nowe narzędzie, aspekt nowego, rozszerzonego sposobu funkcjonowania, staje się medium sztuki, środkiem wyrazu. Rozwój genetyki, możliwości ingerencji w DNA organizmu, wpłynął na prace z dziedziny bio art. Człowiek wyłączył twory technologii poza obręb natury, wyodrębnia część swojej specyfiki jako tak inną, że potrzebuje sam akceptacji swojej działalności. Czy sztukę może wytwarzać narzędzie pozbawione świadomości, czy też jego twórca staje się współautorem, tak jak w pracach AARON Arnolda Cohena, czy Paul the robot Patricka Tresseta? Doświadczenie sztuki jest pewnym współdzielonym przejawem bycia, intersubiektywnym, specyficznym dla człowieka. Część tego doświadczenia jest związana ze specyficznym czasem powstania i odbioru danego tworu. Czy ulega ono całkowitej transformacji, czy też pewien trzon specyfiki tego sposobu kontaktu pozostaje niezmienny? Próba uchwycenia obecnej zmiany w doświadczeniu, pewnej atmosfery, którą współdzielą najnowsze przemiany w sztuce, używającej prekursorskich narzędzi nauki, jest nie tylko możliwością odpowiedzi na pytanie o obecną tożsamość współczesnego odbiorcy, uczestnika sieci. Jest to poszukiwanie wspólnego kierunku przyszłych dzieł sztuki, wynalazków technologicznych, wyobrażenia sobie i zbudowania otoczenia, które odpowiada na aktualną potrzebę sztuki, na to jaki sposób bycia chcemy sobie zaprojektować
An Attempt to Elucidate the Relationship Between Biological and Cultural Factors in Philosophy
No full textToday, we observe disturbing phenomena accompanying technical civilization’s dynamic development. While noticing the great benefits and achievements of civilizational development, we also experience the challenges and difficulties that humanity and our planet face today. Konrad Lorenz with his “layered” concept of man is the key to analyzing civilizational changes and, consequently, identifying threats and indicating possible solutions. Lorenz’s concept allows him to identify eight “deadly sins” of civilized humanity, which challenge human civilization and even threaten humans’ very humanity. Three of Lorenz’s eight “sins” seem particularly important for the practice of philosophy: (1) overpopulation, (2) man’s race against himself, and (3) indoctrinability. As a result of the significant acceleration in the development of our civilization that we have observed since the Neolithic Revolution, we see both obstacles and catalysts to the development and practice of philosophy – this specifically human ability. While in the initial periodof civilizational development the consequences of the Neolithic revolution contributed to the development of philosophy, now they make it challenging to practice philosophy. Lorenz’s “sins” contribute to human loneliness, neurotic hyperactivity and to the unification of culture. All these factors constitute obstacles to philosophy. The answer to these threats is to create communities where people can establish deep interpersonal relationships and share their life experiences. Another helpful factor is contact with nature, which helps slow the pace of life and escape from the overwhelming noise that prevents reflection on the meaning of human existence.
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Received: 14/02/2024. Reviewed: 17/09/2024. Accepted: 4/03/2025
The Idea of “Eastern Europe”: Cultural Synthesis at the Frontier with the Enemy Beyond Europe
No full textThe paper examines Eastern Europe’s complex and often problematic identity, particularly its positioning between East and West through the philosophical, historical, cultural, and geopolitical debates and their implications of this region’s identity. The paper discusses the role of cultural synthesis in shaping national identity, specifically focusing on the work of Lithuanian philosopher Stasys Šalkauskis. Šalkauskis’ idea of Lithuania being a bridge between Eastern and Western civilizations through cultural synthesis is central to the analysis. Cultural synthesis is interpreted as a fundamental creative openness to influence and a way to integrate national and European identity. The paper also addresses the ongoing debate about Russia’s identity as being “beyond Europe,” both ideologically and politically, particularly in light of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. This is done by engaging an ironic essay by Russian poet Josif Brodsky, and an interpretation of Russia’s war against Ukraine by historian Alexander Etkind. Through these the paper reflects on the current geopolitical context pointing to the persistent ideological and political divide, particularly regarding Russia’s stance toward the idea of Europe
Self-Presentation as the Modus Vivendi of a Magnanimous Man
No full textThe article discusses satisfaction with self-presentation as the way of functioning (modus vivendi) of a magnanimous man in relation to Aristotelian ethics. Even though self-presentation is usually considered as a kind of biologically determined instinct, it may be argued that self-presentation is also an aspect of the actions of a magnanimous man. Naturalist social theories concerning moral norms are rooted in nineteenth and twentieth century psychologism, which claims that the starting point for reflection on the nature of social morality are the psychical characteristics of individuals. One example of psychologism is the concept of Sorokin who compares two basic mentalities determining culture: sensate and ideational. On the other hand, there are theories in the current of normative naturalism which postulate a reduction of ethical values to certain biological – mostly psychological – properties or states. This current includes Portmann’s theory referring to the instinct of self-presentation discussed in this article. Portman’s reflections are confirmed by the cultural concept of homo ludens proposed by Huizinga. Self-presentation may be considered not only as a biologically determined instinct on the grounds of normative naturalism, but also on the grounds of realist ethics as a value in itself, non-reducible to any particular biological facts. It is in the perspective of Aristotle’s ethics of virtue that self-presentation becomes an expression of the actions of a magnanimous man correlated with ethical value, as it recognizes satisfaction with self-presentation as a state that depends on the success of human activity. This explains why it is satisfaction, or pleasure, or happiness that can be reasonably regarded as the goal of human life. Satisfaction is an emotion that accompanies the achievement of perfection in various forms of human activity. However, satisfaction, pleasure, or happiness are not, in this context, a criterion that determines our behavior, for satisfaction alone is not a reason to perform a particular type of activity. What one finds satisfaction in depends primarily on the virtues one possesses. This is why self-presentation becomes an ethical value only in the case of a magnanimous man, one of an ideational mentality; in the case of a proud man, one of a sensate mentality, self-presentation proves to be an anti-value. An embodiment of this latter attitude in modern liberal democracy is Ortega y Gasset’s arrogant mass-man, as well as the mass-man engulfed in apathy described by Sloterdijk
Eucharistic Theology as a Condition of Eucharistic Revival According to John Paul II and Benedict XVI
No full textThe answer to the question of whether the Eucharistic theology of John Paul II and Benedict XVI in its selected aspects can constitute the foundation for the Eucharistic renewal of the Church is absolutely affirmative. This is proven by the depth of their theology, which consists in linking the Eucharist to the most important theological issues. An analysis of the teachings of John Paul II and Benedict XVI confirms the thesis put forward in the introduction to this paper that the Eucharist is one of the most important theological topics. The renewal and revival of Eucharistic life cannot consist only of pastoral activity, but in the constant discovery of the theological depth of this sacrament and the delight of its richness. Only such a deeply theological vision of the Eucharist can protect it from being made shallow and marginalized. John Paul II presents the Eucharist as: (1 ) the place where God humbles Himself to such an extent that His Majesty is hidden, and the reason for this is love; (2) the place of Christ’s loving us “to the end,” where He unites Himself to us, where the spousal nature of Christ’s body transforms our bodies into His image; and (3) the place of revelation of God to man and of man to man. Benedict XVI presents the Eucharist as: (1) the principle and place of action of the Divine Logos, who was the principle and model of the creation of the world and of man, who took on flesh and became man and began anew the original relationship of creation with its Creator through obedience, and who now continues to transform the world through the Eucharist, transforming the human heart into His own image; (2) the place of action of the Logos and the worship of God by us joined to the Logos and in the image of the Logos; (3) the place of transforming our eros love (love of desire, passion, a climbing) for God and neighbor into agape love, that is, making the gift of self
Coitus in the marriage law of the Tripartite Ivo of Chartres
No full textArtykuł zatytułowany „Coitus w prawie małżeńskim Tripartity Iwona z Chartres” jest opracowaniem opartym na źródle prawa kanonicznego, które dotąd nie ukazało się drukiem. Autor, po skrótowym przedstawieniu zagadnień związanych z autorstwem, genezą i charakterystyką Tripartity, dokonał analizy fragmentów zawartych w prawie małżeńskim ukazujących walor prawny aktu małżeńskiego.The article entitled “Coitus in the marriage law of the Tripartite Ivo of Chartres” is a study based on a source of canon law that has not yet appeared in print. After briefly presenting issues related to the authorship, genesis and characteristics of the Tripartite, the author analyzed the passages contained in the marriage law showing the legal value of the marriage act