Biblioteka Nauki - repozytorium artykuÅów
Not a member yet
615591 research outputs found
Sort by
Alfred Tozzer Within the Experiences. Beginnings of the Ethnographic Production of a Civilisation in the Selva of Chiapas
No full textEn este artículo se exploran algunos detalles de las notas de campo no publicadas de Alfred Tozzer, escritas durante sus primeros viajes por la Península de Yucatán y por la selva de Chiapas, cuando era estudiante de antropología, a inicios del siglo XX. En sus notas, y en su tesis publicada posteriormente, se vislumbra la manera en que la exploración de Tozzer estaba orientada por una búsqueda de supervivencias del pasado alojadas en la religión. Por eso su etnografía, la primera sobre estos pueblos, priorizaba el ritual y la parafernalia. En su análisis posterior, Tozzer se enfocó en las analogías entre sus registros etnográficos y los documentos o restos arqueológicos del pasado, buscando conexiones en temas como el calendario, los dioses y la escritura. Sus notas de campo y sus publicaciones permiten así ver cómo operaba parte de un marco epistemológico más amplio, con sus fascinaciones, sus preguntas relevantes, sus certezas y sus incertidumbres. Estudiar estas notas es una forma de acercarnos a los temas de la etnografía, predominantes en las décadas venideras, al inicio de la forja de la narrativa de la civilización maya, y al proceso de formación de la antropología como disciplina científica a inicios del siglo XX; es, en síntesis, una forma de acercarnos a una poderosa forma de hacer antropología de este tiempo elemental y primitivoThis article examines some details from Alfred Tozzer's unpublished field notes taken during his first journeys through the Yucatan Peninsula and the Selva of Chiapas as an anthropology student in the early 20th century. In his notes and in his later published dissertation, we see how Tozzer's explorations were guided by the search for the remnants of the past contained in religion. Therefore, in his ethnography, the first on this people, he focussed on rituals and utensils. In his later analysis, Tozzer focused on analogies between his ethnographic notes and documents or archaeological remains from the past, looking for connections between themes such as the calendar, the gods and the writing system.
Through his field notes and publications, then, we can see how part of a broader epistemological framework functioned with its fascinations, relevant questions, certainties and uncertainties. Studying these notes is a way of approaching the themes of ethnography that were to emerge in the coming decades, at the beginning of the narrative of the emergence of Maya civilisation and the formation process of anthropology as a scientific discipline at the beginning of the 20th century. It is, in short, a way of approaching the anthropology of this elementary and primitive time in an impressive way
Report from the Chambers of Commerce – 3rd International Conference entitled “Looking to the future from an interdisciplinary social sciences perspective,” Warsaw, 14–15 November 2024
No full textLatinidade. Revista do Núcleo de Estudos das Américas
No full textPresentación de la revista cientifica "Latinidade. Revista do Núcleo de Estudos das América"
Commonness and reasons for the lack of interest in it in pedagogy
No full textPotoczność i powody braku zainteresowania nią w pedagogice Punktem wyjścia autor czyni odpowiedź na pytanie: czym jest potoczność? Przyjmując, że jej główną cechą jest zapewnianie spójności symbolicznego uniwersum człowieka, w kolejnym kroku potoczność zostaje potraktowana jako „pulsująca” kategoria pedagogiczna (w rozumieniu zaproponowanym przez Joannę Rutkowiak). Cechuje ją m.in. zjawisko miksowania wielu form wypowiedzi o edukacji. Przyczyn braku głębszego zainteresowania potocznością upatrywać możemy m.in. w pedagogizmie. Ostatnia część artykułu poświęcona jest pograniczu pedagogiki i potoczności, które stanowi heterogeniczność.The author’s starting point is the answer to the question: what is colloquiality? Assuming that its element is provided by the symbolic universe of man in the step of colloquiality, it is treated as a “pulsating” pedagogical category (in which there is an application by Joanna Rutkowiak). It is characterized by, among others, the phenomenon of mixing many forms of creating about education. The reason for the lack of treatment of interest in colloquiality can be seen, among others, in pedagogism. The last part of the article is the borderline of pedagogy and colloquiality, which constitutes heterogeneit
Lessons in taming fear with Hannah Arendt
No full textLekcje oswajania lęku z Hannah Arendt Współczesna edukacja coraz częściej staje się przestrzenią, w której lęk przenika wszystkie aspekty szkolnej rzeczywistości – od presji wynikającej z systemu oceniania, po niepewność związaną z gwałtownymi przemianami społecznymi i politycznymi. Zainspirowany myślą Hannah Arendt artykuł analizuje, w jaki sposób edukacja może zarówno podtrzymywać lęk poprzez mechanizmy kontroli i selekcji, jak i stanowić przestrzeń jego przezwyciężania poprzez refleksję i działanie. Punktem wyjścia jest Arendtowskie pojęcie natality – zdolności do inicjowania nowego początku – oraz kontrast między edukacją jako przestrzenią oikos (przystosowania i przetrwania) a polis (wspólnoty i sprawczości). W świetle neoliberalnych reform i rosnącej instrumentalizacji edukacji artykuł wskazuje na konieczność przekształcenia szkoły w miejsce sprzyjające rozwojowi autonomii intelektualnej i aktywnego uczestnictwa w życiu publicznym. Podkreślona zostaje także rola pedagogii emancypacyjnej Jacques’a Rancière’a oraz krytycznego myślenia jako narzędzia przeciwstawiania się mechanizmom lęku i podporządkowania. Analiza prowadzi do wniosku, że edukacja, jeśli ma być przestrzenią wolności, musi stać się miejscem, gdzie jednostki uczą się nie tylko adaptacji do rzeczywistości, ale również jej przekształcania w imię amor mundi.Contemporary education increasingly becomes a space where anxiety permeates all aspects of school life—from the pressure of grading systems to uncertainty resulting from rapid social and political transformations. Drawing on Hannah Arendt’s thought, this article examines how education can either sustain fear through mechanisms of control and selection or serve as a space for overcoming it through reflection and action. The analysis is grounded in Arendt’s concept of natality—the ability to initiate new beginnings—and the contrast between education as a space of oikos (adaptation and survival) and polis (community and agency). In light of neoliberal reforms and the increasing instrumentalization of education, the article highlights the need to transform schools into environments that foster intellectual autonomy and active participation in public life. Emphasis is also placed on the role of Jacques Rancière’s emancipatory pedagogy and critical thinking as tools for resisting fear and submission. The analysis leads to the conclusion that education, if it is to be a space of freedom, must become a place where individuals learn not only to adapt to reality but also to transform it in the name of amor mundi
Does Training with TENDO Destabilizers Limiting Barbell Stability Enhance Power and Velocity in Bench Press and Pull Exercises among Recreational Trainees?
No full textThe aim of the study was to analyze the effects of training protocol on maximal power during concentric phase of movement. Changes in maximal power were studied in individuals subjected to conventional strength training and strength training using TENDO destabilizers limiting barbell stability in recreational trainees without prior strength training experience. The study contains 3 randomized groups, 2 experimental and 1 control. After 4 weeks of the training program, the subjects underwent a retest following the same protocol as prior to the experiment. During bench press and bench pull, peak maximal power and peak velocity were recorded, along with an average for each repetition and for the series of six repetitions.
After 4 weeks of the training program, subjects from group A and B showed a significant improvement in best bench pull and press. The relative improvement in power in experimental group with destabilizers was 18% (p ≤ 0.05), significantly higher compared to group without destabilizers (12%, p ≤ 0.05).
The hereby presented results document the effectiveness of power-oriented training with destabilizers. The improvement observed in the experimental group was most evident in the case of bench pull power. The use of destabilizers is an effective method for improving power, especially in bench pull exercises. This training method also effectively develops stabilization, coordination, and movement control under conditions of reduced barbell stability
Validity and Reliability Analysis Among Three Different Fat Assessment Methods in Trained Indian Male Athletes
No full textBackground: The present study aims to investigate the criterion validity and reliability of three different BF% assessing methods i.e., skinfold caliper (SF), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and air-displacement plethysmography (BOD POD). Methods: Present study was conducted on 51 trained male Indian athletes (aged: 19 - 29 years). The BF% was measured via SF, BIA, and BOD POD with standard protocol. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. Results: The BF% from BIA was reported significantly (p < 0.001) higher than skinfold (∆ 28.7%), and BOD POD (∆ 25.4%). Very good reliability was found for BOD POD vs skinfold [with ICC = 0.891 (0.809-0.938)] and good reliability for Skinfold vs BIA [ICC = 0.669 (-0.207 – 0.895)] and BIA vs BOD POD [ICC = 0.736 (-0.164 – 0.912)]. Pearson’s correlation depicted a positive correlation among various BF% methods (Pearson’s r varies = 0.800 to 0.849; p < 0.01).Limits of agreement were reported significant for skinfold vs BIA (p < 0.001, β= -0.530), and BOD POD vs skinfold (p < 0.01, β= 0.453). Conclusion: Validity analysis depicts that BIA overestimates BF% in male athletes compared to BOD POD and SF methods. All BF% methods were found reliable although BOD POD vs Skinfold depicted major reliability (ICC = 0.891) over other methods
Determining the sex of a minor in foster care
No full textW polskim systemie prawnym od lat toczy się debata na temat potrzeby uregulowania procedury ustalania płci, co ma istotne konsekwencje zarówno dla jednostek, jak i dla relacji rodzinnych. Mimo że obecnie brak jest jednoznacznych przepisów dotyczących tego zagadnienia, potrzeba ich stworzenia staje się coraz pilniejsza, szczególnie w odniesieniu do małoletnich osób, które nie identyfikują się ze swoją płcią biologiczną. Obowiązujące przepisy nie określają jednoznacznie kompetencji związanych z reprezentacją małoletnich w sprawach o ustalenie płci, co rodzi praktyczne problemy. Zauważyć należy, że relacje rodzinnoprawne nie zawsze umożliwiają dziecku wzrastanie w tzw. tradycyjnym modelu rodziny. Czasami rodzice nie są w stanie zapewnić właściwej pieczy i wychowania. To może doprowadzić do sytuacji, w której sąd opiekuńczy zmuszony będzie – w celu zagwarantowania ochrony dobra dziecka – do ingerencji w te relacje. W konsekwencji dojść może do ograniczenia władzy rodzicielskiej i umieszczenia dziecka w pieczy zastępczej. Orzeczenie to stanowić może złożoną problematykę w zakresie decyzyjności dotyczącej sytuacji prawnej małoletniego, zwłaszcza jeśli chodzi o możliwość wszczęcia postępowania o ustalenie płci. W takim przypadku konieczne jest uwzględnienie zasady dobra dziecka oraz wypracowanie mechanizmów pozwalających na skuteczne jego reprezentowanie. Instytucja reprezentanta dziecka odgrywać tu może kluczową rolę, gdyż umożliwia prowadzenie postępowania dotyczącego małoletniego. W sytuacji gdy brak jest wsparcia ze strony rodziców lub opiekunów, to sąd z urzędu może ustanowić reprezentanta, co zapewnia ochronę interesów małoletniego. Dzięki instytucji reprezentanta dziecka, która poszerza jego kompetencje względem wcześniej ustanawianego kuratora małoletniego, możliwa staje się skuteczna reprezentacja dziecka w procesie. Niemniej obecna sytuacja prawna w dalszym ciągu wymaga bardziej kompleksowego uregulowania procedury ustalenia płci, aby uwzględniała zarówno autonomię jednostki, jak i interesy rodzinne oraz społeczne.In the Polish legal system, a debate has been ongoing for years about the need to regulate the procedure for determining gender, which has significant consequences for both individuals and family relations. Although there is currently a lack of unambiguous legislation on this issue, the need for such legislation is becoming increasingly urgent, especially with regard to minors who do not identify with their biological sex. The current legislation does not clearly define the competencies related to the representation of minors in gender determination cases, which raises practical problems. It should be noted that family-legal relations do not always enable a child to grow up in the so-called traditional family model. Sometimes parents are unable to provide proper custody and upbringing. This can lead to a situation in which the guardianship court is forced, in order to ensure the protection of the child’s welfare, to interfere in these relations. As a result, parental authority may be restricted and the child may be placed in foster care. This ruling may present complex issues in terms of decision-making regarding the minor’s legal situation, especially when it comes to the possibility of initiating sex determination proceedings. In such cases, it is necessary to consider the principle of the child’s welfare and to develop mechanisms for effective representation. The institution of the child’s representative may play a key role here, as it makes it possible to conduct proceedings concerning the minor. In situations where there is a lack of support from parents or guardians, the court can appoint a representative ex officio, ensuring the protection of the minor’s interests. Thanks to the institution of the child’s representative, which expands his powers in relation to the previously appointed guardian of the minor, it becomes possible to represent the child in the process effectively. Nevertheless, the current legal situation still requires a more comprehensive regulation of the sex determination procedure, so that it takes into account both individual autonomy and family and social interests
Elevating the Bioactive Potential of Strawberries with Apple Pomace Extract-Infused Chitosan Edible Coating
No full textPostharvest shelf life has always been one of the main shortcomings in the cultivation of perishable fruit, of which strawberries are one of the most important. Hence, this study aimed to maintain the postharvest quality of fully ripe strawberries with the utilization of sustainable and edible coatings made of chitosan and chitosan infused with apple pomace extract. Fruit quality was assessed on days 0, 2, 4, and 9 following the treatment. A sensory evaluation was also performed on day 0 and day 4 and this included visual (freshness, color and glossiness) and organoleptic traits (hardness, texture, flavor, juiciness and sugar/acid ratio perception). Overall, the coating application resulted in the fruit quality improvement in terms of bioactive compound contents and antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, a decrease was recorded in the number of yeasts and moulds, and in the aerobic mesophilic count. Most differences were recorded on days 4 and 9 when the juice of treated strawberries had significantly higher contents of total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids and total anthocyanins, as well as antioxidant capacity. The total anthocyanin content and total flavan-3-ol content determined in the residue after juice separation were also maintained throughout the storage period. Sensory evaluation tests conducted on day 4 resulted in coated strawberries rated with higher scores for all of the sensory parameters when compared to the control
Power transformer fault warning combining support vector machine and improved grey wolf optimization algorithm
No full textTo optimize the parameter setting of the support vector machine and improve the classification performance and computational efficiency of power transformer fault diagnosis, this study proposes an improved grey wolf optimization algorithm. By optimizing the global search and local optimization capabilities of the grey wolf algorithm and combining them with stacked denoising autoencoders, a new power transformer fault warning model is constructed. Firstly, the grey wolf optimization algorithm is optimized through four strategies: elite reverse learning, nonlinear control parameters, Lévy flight, and particle swarm optimization, which improve its global search and local optimization capabilities. Secondly, the stacked denoising autoencoder is utilized to extract high-level features of fault data, and the improved GWO algorithm and SVM are combined to complete fault classification. The results indicated that the proposed diagnostic model achieved a diagnostic accuracy of 0.979, a recall rate of 0.986, and an F1 value of 0.983 in benchmark performance testing. In practical applications, the average fault diagnosis accuracy of this model could reach up to 99.21%, and the average diagnosis time was only 0.08 s. The developed power transformer fault warning model can provide an efficient and reliable technical solution for fault diagnosis in the power system