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İŞE İADE DAVASINDA YARGILAMAYA İLİŞKİN HUKUKİ ÇIKMAZLAR
No full textİş hukukunun temel amaçlarından biri, ekonomik olarak zayıf konumda olan ve çoğu zaman kendisinin ve ailesinin geçimini iş sözleşmesi kapsamında aldığı ücretle sağlayan işçinin, sözleşmesinin işverence haksız ve geçersiz bir şekilde feshedilmesini önlemektir. Bu nedenle, kanun koyucu işverenin keyfi feshine engel olmayı, işçi ile işveren arasındaki ilişkinin devamını sağlamayı ve işçinin işini kaybetme endişesinden uzak bir şekilde çalışmasını temin etmeyi amaçlayarak 4857 sayılı İş Kanunu’nda iş güvencesi sistemini öngörmüştür. Kanunda, iş sözleşmesi feshedilen işçinin feshin geçersizliğinin tespit edilerek işe iade edilmesi amacıyla dava açması mümkün kılınmış ve böylelikle işçi, işveren tarafından yapılacak feshe karşı korunmuştur. Ancak uygulamada, işçiler tarafından açılan işe iade davalarında birtakım hukuki sorunlar ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu kapsamda çalışmada, söz konusu sorunlara ilişkin öğreti görüşleri ve yargı kararları dikkate alınarak çözüm önerileri sunulmuş, ancak çalışmanın kapsamını genişleteceği için yargılama süresince yaşanan olayların davaya etkisine yer verilmemiştir
The effect of calorie restriction on testicular tissue during aging process -2
No full text[No abstract available]Gazi University Scientific Research Project Unit [8842, TCD-2023-8842]This project was supported by Gazi University Scientific Research Project Unit (Project No: TCD-2023-8842/Project ID: 8842)
Segbis yolu ile yapılan ceza yargılamasının adil yargılanma hakkını ihlal etmesi meselesi: Suçluların iadesine ilişkin bir Federal Alman Anayasa Mahkemesi kararının tekrar akla getirdikleri
No full textThe use of videoconferencing in various phases of criminal proceedings is, at first glance, a very effective and useful method in terms of digitalization of the judiciary. Although it is seen, this situation has brought many problems in practice and this has led to the possibility of violations of many fundamental principles of the right to a fair trial that apply to criminal proceedings. This situation not only has consequences in terms of national law, but also leads to disputes in cross-border disputes such as extradition. In this study, based on a violation decision of the Federal German Constitutional Court dated November 18, 2023, the discussions arising from the use of the videoconferencing system in criminal proceedings in terms of the right to a fair trial will be discussed in detail separately in terms of human rights law, constitutional law and criminal procedure law.Ceza yargılamasının çeşitli evrelerinde videokonferans sisteminin kullanılması, yargının djitalleşmesi açısından ilk bakışta oldukça etkili ve faydalı bir yöntem olarak görülse de bu durum uygulamada birçok sorunu beraberinde getirmiş ve adil yargılanma hakkının ceza yargılaması için geçerli olan birçok temel ilkesinin ihlal edilmesi ihtimalini doğurmuştur. Bu durum sadece ulusal hukuk açısından sonuç doğurmamakta, suçluların iadesi gibi sınırı aşan uyuşmazlıklar açısından da uyuşmazlıklara yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Federal Alman Anayasa Mahkemesinin 18 Kasım 2023 tarihli bir ihlal kararından yola çıkılarak videokonferans sisteminin ceza yargılamasında kullanılmasının adil yargılanma hakkı açısından doğurduğu tartışmalar, insan hakları hukuku, anayasa hukuku ve ceza muhakemesi hukuku açısından ayrı ayrı detaylı biçimde ele alınacaktır
Adaptation of Oxford cognitive screen into Turkish (OCS-TR): validity and reliability study in stroke survivors
No full textBackgroundThe existing cognitive screening tests used to assess cognitive disorders after stroke in T & uuml;rkiye face limitations in scope and user applicability. Therefore, this study aimed to address these limitations by adapting the stroke-specific cognitive screening test, the Oxford Cognitive Screen (OCS), into Turkish. Additionally, validity and reliability studies were conducted.MethodsA total of 114 stroke survivors and 92 healthy individuals participated in the study. Data were collected using the Participant Information Form, Oxford Cognitive Screen Turkish Version (OCS-TR), Aphasia Language Assessment Test (ADD), Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test- Turkish (MOCA-TR), Barthel Activities of Daily Living Index (BGYAI) and Beck Depression Scale. The team followed an established and detailed step by step process guided by the OCS Concept Elaboration document. Statistical analyses were conducted with IBM SPSS Statistics. Validity and reliability studies, including content validity, known-groups validity, convergent and divergent validity, concurrent validity, internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, inter-rater reliability, intra-rater reliability, and parallel forms reliability were conducted to assess the robustness of the measurement instruments.ResultsThe language and cultural adaptation process underwent content analysis, adhering to ISPOR and ISOQOL guidelines, resulting in minimal content changes post-pilot study. Notable differences in subtest scores between healthy and stroke participants in both A and B forms of OCS-TR demonstrate known-groups validity, emphasizing superior performance in healthy participants. Strong convergent validity was evidenced by significant correlations with MOCA-TR (rs=0.18 to 0.81) and BGYAI (rs=0.19 to 0.51), while divergent validity was supported by weak correlations with overall BGYAI scores. Noteworthy correlations between specific subtests of OCS-TR and ADD underscore concurrent validity, with high inter- and intra-rater reliability, internal consistency (alpha = 0.90 for stroke, alpha = 0.65 for healthy) and test-retest reliability (rs=0.89 to 0.99). Parallel forms reliability was high in both healthy and stroke participants, though significant differences were observed on specific subtests.ConclusionThe results confirm that the OCS-TR scale can be considered a valid and reliable instrument for assessing cognitive functions in stroke survivors. This stroke-specific tool offers clinicians a comprehensive and inclusive brief cognitive screening tool tailored to the needs of stroke patients
NaBi(MoO4)2 crystal: Defect states and luminescence properties for optoelectronic applications
No full textThis paper investigates the electronic and optical properties of NaBi(MoO4)2 crystal through absorbance, thermally stimulated current (TSC), and photoluminescence (PL) measurements. Absorbance analysis revealed important information about the bandgap and the degree of disorder within the material. The bandgap energy of the compound was found to be 2.94 eV. TSC measurements revealed the presence of hole defect centers and provided information regarding charge transport mechanisms. Two TSC peaks were observed at temperatures of 69.3 and 127.5 K, and the activation energies of the trap centers associated with these peaks were found to be 0.05 and 0.14 eV. Two PL peaks were observed around 487 and 536 nm corresponding to the blue and green emissions, respectively. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding the band structure of the NaBi (MoO4)2, highlighting its suitability for use in optoelectronic devices, sensors, and light-emitting applications
Search for charged-lepton flavor violation in the production and decay of top quarks using trilepton final states in proton-proton collisions at (Formula presented)
No full textA search is performed for charged-lepton flavor violating processes in top quark ((Formula presented)) production and decay. The data were collected by the CMS experiment from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of (Formula presented). The selected events are required to contain one opposite-sign electron-muon pair, a third charged lepton (electron or muon), and at least one jet of which no more than one is associated with a bottom quark. Boosted decision trees are used to distinguish signal from background, exploiting differences in the kinematics of the final states particles. The data are consistent with the standard model expectation. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are placed in the context of effective field theory on the Wilson coefficients, which range between (Formula presented) depending on the flavor of the associated light quark and the Lorentz structure of the interaction. These limits are converted to upper limits on branching fractions involving up (charm) quarks, (Formula presented) ((Formula presented)), of (Formula presented), (Formula presented), and (Formula presented) for tensorlike, vectorlike, and scalarlike interactions, respectively. © 2025 CERN, for the CMS Collaboration
The effect of preclinical empowerment education in pediatric nursing on clinical comfort, competency of the course, and self-confidence and anxiety in clinical decision-making
No full text2021.KB.SAG.029Amaç: Bu araştırmada hemşirelik eğitimi alan intörn öğrencilerin klinik uygulama öncesi yapılandırılmış güçlendirme eğitiminin, klinik karar vermede öz-güven ve anksiyete, pediyatrik klinik rahatlık ve algılanan endişe, algılanan çocuk hemşireliği yeterliliğine etkisini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Yarı deneysel çalışma tasarımı kullanıldı. Toplam 64 hemşirelik öğrencisi (deney grubu = 32; kontrol grubu = 32) katıldı. Deney grubundaki intörn öğrencilere klinik uygulama öncesinde iki gün boyunca altı senaryodan oluşan, öğrenme hedefleri yapılandırılmış ve pediyatrik becerilerin desteklendiği bir program uygulandı. Kontrol grubuna intörn programı kapsamında standart teorik oturumlar uygulanmıştır. Veriler ön test ve son test olmak üzere Öğrenci Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, pediyatrik alanda Klinik Karar Vermede Öz güven ve Anksiyete Ölçeği, Çocuk Hemşireliği Yeterlilik Ölçeği, Pediyatri Hemşireliği Öğrencileri için Klinik Rahatlık ve Endişe Değerlendirme ölçeği kullanıldı. Her iki grubun ön test ve son test puan ortalamaları karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Pediyatri hemşireliği öğrencilerinin klinik rahatlık ve endişe ölçeğinin endişe alt boyutunda girişim grubunun puanı anlamlı şekilde yüksek bulunmuştur (p0.050). Deney ve kontrol grubunun pediatri hemşireliği yeterlilik ölçeği puan ortalamaları arasında girişim grubu lehine anlamlı fark saptanmıştır (pObjective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of pre-clinical structured empowerment education of intern nursing students on self-confidence and anxiety in clinical decision-making, pediatric clinical comfort and perceived anxiety, and perceived pediatric nursing competency. Material and Methods: A quasi-experimental study design was used. A total of 64 nursing students (experimental group = 32; comparison group = 32) participated in the study. Before the clinical practice, a program that consisted of six scenarios, whose learning goals were structured, and in which pediatric skills were supported, was applied to the intern students in the experimental group for two days. The data were collected using a Student Descriptive Information Form, the Nursing Anxiety and Self-Confidence with Clinical Decision-Making Scale, the Pediatric Nursing Competency Scale, and the Pediatric Nursing Student Clinical Comfort and Worry Assessment Tool, which were applied as a pretest and posttest. The mean pre-test and post-test scores of both groups were compared. Results: There was a difference in favor of the intervention group in the worry sub-dimension of the Pediatric Nursing Student Clinical Comfort and Worry Assessment Tool (p0.05). There was a significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental and control groups on the Pediatric Nursing Competency Scale in favor of the intervention group (pİzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversites
Pentablock thermoresponsive hydrogels for chemotherapeutic delivery in a pancreatic cancer model
No full textThe design of biodegradable and thermoresponsive polymeric hydrogels with tuneable properties holds immense promise for localised and sustained drug delivery. In this study, we designed and synthesised a library of novel pentablock copolymers, incorporating poly(d,l-lactide) (PLA) into methoxypoly(ethylene glycol)-poly(epsilon-caprolactone)-methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG-PCL-mPEG, or PECE) hydrogels to enhance the hydrolytic degradation and drug release profiles. A pentablock copolymer, methoxypoly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(d,l lactide)-b-poly(epsilon-caprolactone)-b-poly(d,l lactide)-b-methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG-PLA-PCL-PLA-mPEG, or PELCLE), was selected based on its thermoresponsive sol-gel transition behaviour at a physiologically relevant temperature (37 degrees C). Physicochemical characterisation revealed that both PECE and PELCLE hydrogels self-assembled into micellar structures, with PELCLE exhibiting smaller micellar sizes compared to PECE. The incorporation of PLA led to reduced hydrogel stiffness, enhanced degradability, and decreased swelling compared to PECE. In vitro drug release studies demonstrated that both hydrogels exhibited sustained release of various anti-cancer drugs, with PELCLE generally showing slower release kinetics, highlighting its potential for prolonged drug delivery. For potential pancreatic cancer applications, we evaluated the biocompatibility and therapeutic efficacy of PELCLE hydrogels loaded with gemcitabine and oxaliplatin (GEMOX). In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated safety and some anti-tumour efficacy of GEMOX-loaded PELCLE compared to free drug administration, attributed to enhanced tumour retention and sustained drug release. These findings highlight the potential of the PELCLE hydrogel as a versatile and effective local drug delivery platform for the treatment of pancreatic cancer and other solid tumours, warranting further investigation towards its clinical translation.University of Nottingham [EP/R035563/1, EP/S021434/1, EP/V049291/1]; UKRI/EPSRC; Little Princess Trust [WM150086, 2219]; Royal Society; TUBITAK; University of NottinghamWe thank UKRI/EPSRC for funding [grants EP/R035563/1, EP/S021434/1, EP/V049291/1], the Little Princess Trust in partnership with CCLG and the Royal Society [Wolfson Research Merit Award WM150086 to CA]. UCO is thankful for a fellowship (2219) from the TUBITAK. We acknowledge Dr Patricia Monteiro for expert assistance in polymer synthesis and characterisation. This work was also supported via Anne McLaren fellowship funding from the University of Nottingham (JCA). We also thank Tom Hyde, Esme Ireson and Paul Cooling for expert technical support. The Nanoscale & Macroscale Research Centre (NMRC) is acknowledged for providing the facilities for TEM, SEM, and related analysis
Structural and thermal insights into the luminescent behavior of Dy3+-Doped BaZrO3 with alkali metal codopants under UV radiation
No full textThis study investigates the structural, thermal, and photoluminescent properties of Dy3+-doped BaZrO3 (BZO) perovskites, synthesized via a co-precipitation method, incorporating alkali metal codopants (Li+, Na+, and K+). Xray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the retention of the cubic perovskite phase following doping, with Rietveld refinement further revealing minor lattice distortions due to Dy3+incorporation. The Williamson-Hall (W-H) analysis revealed average crystallite sizes of 53 nm and 66 nm for undoped and 0.01 Dy3+-doped BaZrO3, respectively, with corresponding micro-strain values of 1.79 x 10-3 and 1.81 x 10-3, suggesting lattice distortions due to incorporation of Dy3+. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the cubic perovskite structure and subtle structural modifications upon doping. Notably, the absence of moisture-related peaks highlights the effectiveness of the synthesis process, including rigorous drying and calcination steps that prevented hydrous species. Photoluminescence (PL) analysis of Dy3+-doped BaZrO3 exhibited three prominent emission peaks at 452 nm, 573 nm, and 656 nm under 368 nm excitation. These peaks correspond to the characteristic intra-4f electronic transitions of Dy3+ ions, specifically, 4I13/2 to 6H15/2, 4F9/2 to 6H13/2, and 4F9/2 to 6H11/2, representing blue, yellow, and red emissions, respectively. Photoluminescence decay studies showed multi-exponential behavior, with the average lifetime decreasing from 641 mu s in undoped BZO to 492 mu s in Dy3+- doped samples attributed to enhanced non-radiative recombination pathways. Among the codopants, Li+ demonstrated the most significant improvement in luminescence intensity and thermal stability by mitigating defects and optimizing charge compensation.Research Funds of Balikesir University [BAP-2023/199]; Balikesir UniversityWe would like to thank the Research Funds of Balikesir University (Grant No. BAP-2023/199) and Balikesir University for their generous financial support
The effect of stress ball utilization on dyspnea severity and anxiety level in patients receiving nebulizer therapy: Randomized controlled study
No full textAim: The study primarily aimed at examining the effect of stress ball utilization on dyspnea and anxiety during nebulizer therapy. The secondary aim was to determine the effect of stress ball utilization on the duration of therapy and vital signs. Methods: The study has a randomized controlled experimental design. The study population consisted of inpatients receiving nebulizer therapy. A total of 80 patients, 40 in the intervention group and 40 in the control group, were included in the sample. The study was conducted between October 2023 and March 2024. Patients in the intervention group were asked to use a stress ball during nebulizer therapy. Data were collected using a Patient Information Form, the Visual Analog Scale, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, paired test, and one sample t-test were used in data analysis. Results: The mean age of the patients was 65 years and over and 78% of them had COPD. Stress ball utilization caused a significant effect on the severity of dyspnea (intervention: t = 2.862, p 0.05). Conclusions: Utilization of a stress ball during nebulizer therapy has a positive effect on reducing anxiety levels and prolonging the duration of nebulizer use