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The Effects of Stress Ball Use on Comfort and Anxiety Levels in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
No full textObjective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the comfort and anxiety levels of patients undergoing hemodialysis using a stress ball. Method: This was a randomized controlled trial. The patients were then told how to use the stress ball. The patients were then instructed to squeeze the stress ball for 15 minutes before the dialysis process began. During this time, the patient was emphasized to use the stress ball with the arm without a fistula or graft. The patient was then dialyzed and again instructed to squeeze the stress ball for 15 minutes. This practice was continued for nine hemodialysis sessions. Results: A statistically significant difference was found between the experimental and control groups in the comfort levels (t=13.254, p<0.001) and the effect size was found to be very high (d=1.56). A statistically significant difference was found between the experimental and control groups in the anxiety levels (t=8.406, p<0.001), and the effect size was found to be very high (d=1.69). Conclusion: The stress ball decreased anxiety levels and increased comfort levels in HD patients. In particular, long durations of hemodialysis treatment and dialysis durations of up to 4 hours negatively affect the quality of life of patients. According to the effect size analysis conducted in our study, the stress ball had a high-level effect on comfort and anxiety
Necrotizing Enterocolitis Due to Respiratory Syncytial Virus in a Newborn Baby
No full textAlthough rare, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections can cause life-threatening extrapulmonary complications in otherwise healthy neonates. In this report, we describe a term infantwho was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with transient tachypnea of the newborn but developed respiratory failure due to RSV bronchiolitis on follow-up which was complicated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and intestinal perforation. We want to draw attention to the development of NEC in a previously healthy term newborn infantwith severe RSV disease, even in the absence of traditional risk factors. We hypothesize that the dysregulated pro-inflammatory response associated with severe RSV disease may alter intestinal blood flow and normal healthy microbial flora compromising mucosal epithelial cell barrier against bacterial translocation. Enteral feeding intolerance and septic ileus may represent important clinical outcomes in these patients
Thermoluminescence Behavior of Yttrium-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized by Sol-Gel Method
No full textThe development of efficient thermoluminescent materials is essential for precise radiation dosimetry. In this study, yttrium-doped ZnO (Y:ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized and systematically analyzed to explore their structural and thermoluminescence (TL) properties. X-ray diffraction confirmed the preservation of the hexagonal ZnO phase, while transmission electron microscopy revealed well-dispersed nanoparticles. TL measurements exhibited a strong dose-dependent response, with glow curves showing multiple peaks associated with distinct trapping centers. Deconvolution analysis identified three primary trap levels with activation energies of 0.77, 1.12, and 1.29 eV, indicating the presence of deep and shallow traps. The TL intensity followed a linear trend with radiation dose, suggesting the suitability of Y:ZnO nanoparticles for dosimetric applications. Photoluminescence (PL) analysis was conducted to investigate the influence of yttrium doping on the optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles, and it was found that Y doping significantly enhanced defect-related emissions. These findings highlight the potential of Y:ZnO as a promising candidate for advanced radiation sensing technologies.Trkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arascedil;timath;rma Kurumu [110T345]; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, 1001 Scientific and Technological Research projectsThis work was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, 1001 Scientific and Technological Research projects, No: 110T345
Angular analysis of the B0 ? K*(892)0?+?- decay in proton-proton collisions at ?s=13 TeV
No full textA full set of optimized observables is measured in an angular analysis of the decay B-0 -> K*(892)(0)mu(+)mu(-) using a sample of proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb(-1). The analysis is performed in six bins of the squared invariant mass of the dimuon system, q(2), over the range 1.1 < q(2) < 16 GeV2. The results are among the most precise experimental measurements of the angular observables for this decay and are compared to a variety of predictions based on the standard model. Some of these predictions exhibit tension with the measurements.FWF; FNRS; FWO (Belgium); CNPq; CAPES; FAPERJ; FAPERGS; FAPESP (Brazil); BNSF (Bulgaria); MOST; NSFC (China); CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG [MoER TK202]; Academy of Finland; MEC; CEA; CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF; BMBF; DFG; HGF (Germany); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE; DST; SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); MOE; UM (Malaysia); UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); PCTI (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSTDA; TUBITAK; NASU (Ukraine); NSF (USA); Marie-Curie programme; European Research Council; Horizon 2020 Grant [675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207]; COST Action [CA16108]; Leventis Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Science Committee [22rl-037]; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); FWO (Belgium) under the Excellence of Science -EOS [30820817]; Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission [Z191100007219010]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China); Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation [FR-22-985]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [EXC 2121, 400140256 -GRK2497]; Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI) [2288]; Hungarian Academy of Sciences [K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, TKP2021-NKTA-64, 2021-4.1.2-NEMZ_KI]; Council of Science and Industrial Research, India - NextGenerationEU program (Italy); Latvian Council of Science; Ministry of Education and Science [2022/WK/14]; National Science Center [Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369, 2021/43/B/ST2/01552]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [CEECIND/01334/2018]; National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund [MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033]; ERDF a way of making Europe'' [MDM-2017-0765]; Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation [B39G670016]; Kavli Foundation; Nvidia Corporation; Welch Foundation [C-1845]; Weston Havens Foundation (USA)We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centers for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: SC (Armenia), BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MOST, and NSFC (China); Minciencias (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG, RVTT3 and MoER TK202 (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF (Georgia); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LMTLT (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, Conahcyt, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); MCIN/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MoSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Science Committee, project no. 22rl-037 (Armenia); the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the Excellence of Science -EOS'' -be.h project n. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010 and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, grant FR-22-985 (Georgia); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), among others, under Germany's Excellence Strategy -EXC 2121 Quantum Universe'' -390833306, and under project number 400140256 -GRK2497; the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI), Project Number 2288 (Greece); the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program -UNKP, the NKFIH research grants K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, TKP2021-NKTA-64, and 2021-4.1.2-NEMZ_KI (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; ICSC -National Research Centre for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing and FAIR -Future Artificial Intelligence Research, funded by the NextGenerationEU program (Italy); the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Education and Science, project no. 2022/WK/14, and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369 and 2021/43/B/ST2/01552 (Poland); the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, grant CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, ERDF a way of making Europe'', and the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, grant MDM-2017-0765 and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, and the National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, grant B39G670016 (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the Super-Micro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA)
Study of WH production through vector boson scattering and extraction of the relative sign of the W and Z couplings to the Higgs boson in proton-proton collisions at ?S=13 Te
No full textA search for the production of a W boson and a Higgs boson through vector boson scattering (VBS) is presented, using CMS data from proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV collected from 2016 to 2018. The integrated luminosity of the data sample is 138 fb(-1). Selected events must be consistent with the presence of two jets originating from VBS, the leptonic decay of the W boson to an electron or muon, possibly also through an intermediate tau lepton, and a Higgs boson decaying into a pair of b quarks, reconstructed as either a single merged jet or two resolved jets. A measurement of the process as predicted by the standard model (SM) is performed alongside a study of beyond-the-SM (BSM) scenarios. The SM analysis sets an observed (expected) 95% confidence level upper limit of 14.3 (9.9) on the ratio of the measured VBS WH cross section to that expected by the SM. The BSM analysis, conducted within the so-called kappa framework, excludes all scenarios with lambda(WZ) < 0 that are consistent with current measurements, where lambda(WZ) = kappa(W)/kappa(Z) and kappa W and kappa(Z) are the HWW and HZZ coupling modfiers, respectively. The significance of the exclusion is beyond 5 standard deviations, and it is consistent with the SM expectation of lambda(WZ) = 1.FWF; FNRS; FWO (Belgium) [30820817]; CNPq; CAPES; FAPERJ; FAPERGS; FAPESP (Brazil); BNSF (Bulgaria); MOST; NSFC (China); CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG [MoER TK202]; Academy of Finland; MEC; CEA; CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF; BMBF; DFG; HGF (Germany); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE; DST; IPM; SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); MOE; UM (Malaysia); BUAP; UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); PCTI (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSTDA; TUBITAK; NASU (Ukraine); NSF (USA); Marie-Curie program; European Research Council; Horizon 2020 Grant [675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207]; COST Action [CA16108]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Science Committee [22rl-037]; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission [Z191100007219010]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China); Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [EXC 2121, 400140256 -GRK2497]; Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI) [2288]; Hungarian Academy of Sciences [K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, TKP2021-NKTA-64]; Council of Science and Industrial Research, India - NextGenerationEU program (Italy); Latvian Council of Science; Ministry of Education and Science [2022/WK/14]; National Science Center [Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369, 2021/43/B/ST2/01552]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [CEECIND/01334/2018]; National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; ERDF a way of making Europe [MDM-2017-0765]; National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation [B37G660013]; Kavli Foundation; Nvidia Corporation; Welch Foundation [C-1845]; Weston Havens Foundation (USA)We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centers for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: SC (Armenia), BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MOST, and NSFC (China); Minciencias (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG, RVTT3 and MoER TK202 (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF (Georgia); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LMTLT (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, Conahcyt, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); MCIN/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MoSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Science Committee, project no. 22rl-037 (Armenia); the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the Excellence of Science - OS'' -be.h project n. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010 and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China); The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, grant FR22985 (Georgia); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), under Germany's Excellence Strategy - EXC 2121 Quantum Universe''-390833306, and under project number 400140256 -GRK2497; the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI), Project Number 2288 (Greece); the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program -UNKP, the NKFIH research grants K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, and TKP2021-NKTA-64 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; ICSC - National Research Center for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing and FAIR - Future Artificial Intelligence Research, funded by the NextGenerationEU program (Italy); the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Education and Science, project no. 2022/WK/14, and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369 and 2021/43/B/ST2/01552 (Poland); the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, grant CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, ERDF a way of making Europe'', and the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientfica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, grant MDM-2017-0765 and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, and the National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, grant B37G660013 (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the Super-Micro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA)
DK-Crush or Mini-Crush Stenting for Complex Left Main Bifurcation Lesions: The Multicenter EVOLUTE-CRUSH LM Registry
No full textBACKGROUND: The comparison of outcomes of mini-crush (MCT) versus double kissing crush (DKC) techniques for complex left main bifurcation (LMB) lesions is still lacking. This investigation aimed to assess the long-term outcomes of patients who underwent MCT or DKC for LMB disease. METHODS: From 2014 to 2024, patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention for complex LMB lesions were retrospectively collected. The primary end point was major adverse cardiac events as the combination of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, or clinically driven target lesion revascularization during follow-up. The secondary end point was measured as major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events including all-cause death, target vessel revascularization, target vessel myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, and stroke. RESULTS: This large-scale multicenter (n=13) observational study included a total of 531 consecutive patients (men: 405 [76.3%], mean age: 63.16±11.26years) with complex LMB lesions who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. The initial revascularization strategy was MCT in 313 (59%) patients and DKC in 218 (41%) patients. The number of balloons used (5.91±1.53 versus 6.72±1.70, P<0.001) and procedure time (66.60±24.20 versus 72.97±19.97minutes, P<0.001) were notably lower in the MCT group. In the overall population, the long-term major adverse cardiac events (hazard ratio [HR], 0.704; P=0.169) and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events (HR, 0.660; P=0.079) did not differ in individuals with complex LMB lesions treated with MCT and DKC. Other end points were also comparable between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: In complex LMB lesions, risk-adjusted major adverse cardiac events and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events rates were comparable between both techniques, with a nonsignificant trend favoring DKC at long-term follow-up. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique Identifier: NCT06546748. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Constraints on standard model effective field theory for a Higgs boson produced in association with W or Z bosons in the H ?bb¯ decay channel in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV
No full textA standard model effective field theory (SMEFT) analysis with dimension-six operators probing nonresonant new physics effects is performed in the Higgs-strahlung process, where the Higgs boson is produced in association with a W or Z boson, in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The final states in which the W or Z boson decays leptonically and the Higgs boson decays to a pair of bottom quarks are considered. The analyzed data were collected by the CMS experiment between 2016 and 2018 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb?1. An approach designed to simultaneously optimize the sensitivity to Wilson coefficients of multiple SMEFT operators is employed. Likelihood scans as functions of the Wilson coefficients that carry SMEFT sensitivity in this final state are performed for different expansions in SMEFT. The results are consistent with the predictions of the standard model. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
The Future of Healthcare Data Analytics Based on Clinical Data
No full textThe significance of health data analytics is growing rapidly. This is because these applications have become reliable tools for helping healthcare providers determine the best treatment approaches. Health data, which includes patient history, blood test results, and genetic information, comprises multiple layers. Analyzing this data can reveal valuable patterns and insights. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Thermoluminescence of Eu3+-Doped GdCa4O(BO3)3: Trap mechanisms and heating rate effects
No full textThis study investigates the thermoluminescence (TL) properties and kinetic parameters of Europium (Eu3+)-doped Gadolinium Calcium Oxyborate (GdCa4O(BO3)(3); GdCOB), a promising material for radiation dosimetry and optical storage applications. In this work, Eu3+-doped GdCOB samples were synthesized using a sol-gel microwave combustion method to ensure homogeneous dopant distribution and phase purity. The TL properties were systematically analyzed under beta irradiation, focusing on the influence of Eu3+ concentration, heating rate, dose-response, repeatability, and fading behaviors. TL measurements were performed at heating rates of 0.2-5 degrees C/s, and the effect of Eu3+ doping concentration on TL glow curves, activation energy, and recombination dynamics was examined. The results revealed an unusual intensity enhancement of approximately 62.5 % and 125 % for the low- and high-temperature peaks, respectively, deviating from classical thermal quenching mechanisms. This behavior is consistent with the semi-localized transition (SLT) model, indicating complex charge carrier interactions. The experimental results show a dose-dependent TL response, with three prominent glow peaks at similar to 190 degrees C, 280 degrees C, and 380 degrees C, corresponding to distinct trap levels within the material. Activation energies ranged from 1.02 to 2.17 eV, confirming a broad distribution of trap depths. The optimal dopant concentration (0.5 wt%) exhibited the highest TL intensity, attributed to efficient charge trapping and recombination. At higher concentrations, TL intensity decreased due to concentration quenching and lattice distortions. Additionally, the TL glow curve profiles remained stable at higher radiation doses, confirming the material's reliability under extreme radiation environments. To gain deeper insights into the material's trapping mechanisms, advanced deconvolution techniques were applied to extract kinetic orders and frequency factors. The Glow Curve Deconvolution (GCD) analysis as well as the T-m-T-s analyze confirmed the presence of multiple trap levels and provided accurate estimations of kinetic parameters. These findings highlight the potential of Eu3+-doped GdCOB for radiation dosimetry, environmental monitoring, and optical data storage applications.Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia [PNURSP2025R16]This study is supported by Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2025R16) , Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Effects of L-carnitine on aging-related learning changes and glutamate-mediated molecular mechanisms
No full textAge-related cognitive loss has been linked to a possible imbalance in the brain's oxidant/antioxidant system. Additionally, neurotransmitter concentrations, the activity and levels of receptors change in different brain regions depending on aging. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic L-carnitine administration on learning and memory in naturally aging rat, focusing on its impact on glutamate cycle and receptors. Sixty male 10-month old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups as control and L-carnitine groups. For a period of 7 months, L-carnitine was given at 50 mg/kg/day via oral gavage. The cognitive performance was assessed by novel object recognition and active avoidance tests. Total oxidant capacity and antioxidant capacity levels as well as glutamate and glutamine concentrations were analyzed in the hippocampi. NMDA and AMPA receptors, VGLUT-1, VGLUT-2, EAAT-1, EAAT-2, EAAT-3 levels in hippocampi were evaluated. L-carnitine administration increased learning performance. Total oxidant capacity levels decreased and total antioxidant capacity levels increased in the hippocampus of aged rats treated with L-carnitine. Furthermore, a small shift in the glutamate and glutamine concentrations between control and L-carnitine treated groups were observed. During the aging process, L-carnitine administration caused an increase in VGLUT-1, VGLUT-2, EAAT-1, EAAT-2, EAAT-3 levels in hippocampus tissues. In addition, NMDAR1 and slightly NMDAR2 mRNA levels increased, while AMPAR1 level decreased in the L-carnitine-treated group. Our data suggest that the molecular and functional changes controlling glutamate homeostasis in the hippocampus with aging may be attenuated by long-term L-carnitine usage.Research Foundation of Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey [TSA-2017-2884]This work was supported by the Research Foundation of Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey under Grant number TSA-2017-2884