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Introduction to Lean Six Sigma in Industry 5.0
No full textIndustry 5.0 is a new challenge for Lean Six Sigma and it is impossible to escape it. This chapter contains general information about Six Sigma, Lean Manufacturing, Lean Six Sigma methodologies and industrial revolutions. In the study where the strengths and weaknesses of Lean Six Sigma in the Industry 5.0 era are examined, it is emphasized that the target of Six Sigma, which is 3.4 per million, can be revised to 19 per billion in the I5.0 era, but in order to achieve this, it will not be sufficient to incorporate approaches such as artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, machine learning and Big Data into LSS, and in order to achieve success, human- machine co-operation, which is the most important difference of the I5.0 era, must be ensured. This section contributes to the Quality 5.0 discourse by exploring how Lean Six Sigma should evolve in accordance with the fundamental principles of Industry 5.0. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Phoneme discrimination and localization performance in children with cochlear implants and contralateral auditory brainstem implants with inner ear malformations
No full textPurpose This study compares unilateral and bilateral phoneme discrimination (PD) and azimuth localization abilities in children with severe inner ear malformations and cochlear nerve deficiencies who use a cochlear implant (CI) and a contralateral auditory brainstem implant (ABI). Methods A total of 17 children between the ages of 7 and 18 years with CI and contralateral ABI were included in the study. PD and localization tests were evaluated in three conditions: CI only, ABI only, and bilateral. All subjects completed a self-report Hearing-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) scale. Results Statistical analysis revealed that PD scores were significantly higher in the bilateral condition than in the ABI condition alone (p = 0.003). However, no significant differences were found between the CI and ABI or between the CI and bilateral conditions. Similarly, no statistically significant differences in localization performance were found between the three conditions (p > 0.05). Regression analysis identified HRQoL as a significant predictor of bilateral PD (p < 0.05), while ABI localization was a significant predictor of bilateral localization (p < 0.05). Additionally, bilateral PD was found to be a significant predictor of HRQoL (p = 0.001). Conclusion While the performance of CI alone and bilateral PD is similar, there is a significant difference between the performance of ABI alone and bilateral PD. Therefore, in cases with an ABI, bilateral stimulation should be maintained by continued use of a CI in the contralateral ear, even in the presence of severe inner ear malformation and/or cochlear nerve deficiencies. In the long term, comparable levels of PD discrimination and localization performance can be achieved by using two different modalities.Izmir Bakircay UniversityThis article is derived from the doctoral dissertation of the first author, Erva Degirmenci Uzun. The authors gratefully acknowledge the children and parents who participated in this study for their patience and cooperation and the Hacettepe University auditory implant team for their great effort during the follow-up period of the children with ABI
Anomalous heating rate dependence and kinetic analysis of Eu3+-activated K7SrY2(B5O10)3 borate phosphors
No full textThis study investigates the thermoluminescence (TL) characteristics of Eu3+-doped K7SrY2(B5O10)(3) (KSYBO) phosphors synthesized via high-temperature solid-state reaction. The TL behavior was evaluated under beta-irradiation across a wide dose range (0.1-300 Gy) using variable heating rate (VHR) and computerized glow curve deconvolution (CGCD) techniques. An anomalous heating rate behavior (AHRB) was observed, wherein TL intensity increased with heating rate-deviating from classical TL theory. This effect is interpreted through the semi-localized transition (SLT) model, suggesting thermally assisted recombination via shallow-to-deep trap interactions. CGCD resolved nine discrete TL peaks with activation energies ranging from 0.43 to 2.58 eV, reflecting a wide range of trap depths and complex recombination dynamics. The trap parameters obtained from CGCD confirm the presence of both shallow, thermally unstable traps and deep, stable centers relevant for longterm signal retention. The material exhibited excellent repeatability (+/- 2.24 %) and a quasi-linear TL dose response (R-2 = 0.996), supporting its potential use in high-dose dosimetry. Fading analysis revealed that shallow traps (similar to 76 degrees C) undergo substantial signal loss (similar to 75 %) within seven days, while deep traps (similar to 300 degrees C) retained over 79 % of their intensity. This dual-trap behavior underscores the simultaneous presence of high initial sensitivity and long-term signal stability. These findings demonstrate that KSYBO:Eu3+ phosphors combine structural robustness, anomalous TL kinetics, and favorable fading resistance, making them promising materials for thermoluminescent dosimetry applications.Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research, Jazan University, Saudi Ara-bia [JU- 20250218 -DGSSR- RP -2025]The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding of the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research, Jazan University, Saudi Ara-bia, through Project number: (JU- 20250218 -DGSSR- RP -2025
Proton reconstruction with the TOTEM Roman pot detectors for high-?* LHC data
No full textThe TOTEM Roman pot detectors are used to reconstruct the transverse momentum of scattered protons and to estimate the transverse location of the primary interaction. This paper presents new methods of track reconstruction, measurements of strip-level detection efficiencies, cross-checks of the LHC beam optics, and detector alignment techniques, along with their application in the selection of signal collision events. The track reconstruction is performed by exploiting hit cluster information through a novel method using a common polygonal area in the intercept-slope plane. The technique is applied in the relative alignment of detector layers with mu m precision. A tag-and-probe method is used to extract strip-level detection efficiencies. The alignment of the Roman pot system is performed through time-dependent adjustments, resulting in a position accuracy of 3 mu m in the horizontal and 60 mu m in the vertical directions. The goal is to provide an optimal reconstruction tool for central exclusive physics analyses based on the high-beta* data-taking period at root s = 13 TeV in 2018.FWF; FNRS; FWO (Belgium); CNPq; CAPES; FAPERJ; FAPERGS; FAPESP (Brazil); BNSF (Bulgaria); MoST; NSFC (China); CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG [MoER TK202]; Academy of Finland; Magnus Ehrnrooth Foundation; MEC; Waldemar von Frenckell Foundation; CEA; CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF; BMBF; HGF (Germany); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE; DST; IPM; SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); MOE; UM (Malaysia); BUAP; CONACYT; UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSTDA; TUBITAK; NASU; DOE; NSF; Marie-Curie programme; European Research Council; Horizon 2020 Grant [675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207]; COST Action [CA16108]; Leventis Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Science Committee [22rl-037]; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); FWO (Belgium) under the Excellence of Science - EOS [30820817]; Be.ing Municipal Science & Technology Commission [Z191100007219010]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China); Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation [FR-22-985]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [EXC 2121, 390833306, 400140256 -GRK2497]; Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI) [2288]; Hungarian Academy of Sciences [K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, TKP2021-NKTA-64, 2021-4.1.2-NEMZ_KI-202400036]; Council of Science and Industrial Research, India - NextGenerationEU program (Italy); Latvian Council of Science; Ministry of Education and Science [2022/WK/14]; National Science Centre [Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369, 2021/43/B/ST2/01552]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [CEECIND/01334/2018]; National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; ERDF a way of making Europe [MDM-2017-0765]; Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation [B39G670016]; Kavli Foundation; Nvidia Corporation; SuperMicro Corporation; Welch Foundation [C-1845]; Weston Havens Foundation (U.S.A.)We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS and TOTEM institutes for their contributions to the success of the common CMS-TOTEM effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centres and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centres for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS and TOTEM detectors, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: SC (Armenia), BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG, RVTT3 and MoER TK202 (Estonia); Academy of Finland, Magnus Ehrnrooth Foundation, MEC, HIP, and Waldemar von Frenckell Foundation (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF (Georgia); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LMTLT (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); MCIN/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (U.S.A.). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Science Committee, project no. 22rl-037 (Armenia); the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the Excellence of Science - EOS - be.h project n. 30820817; the Be.ing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010 and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, grant FR-22-985 (Georgia); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), among others, under Germany's Excellence Strategy -EXC 2121 Quantum Universe - 390833306, and under project number 400140256 -GRK2497; the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI), Project Number 2288 (Greece); the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program - UNKP, the NKFIH research grants K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, and TKP2021-NKTA-64, and 2021-4.1.2-NEMZ_KI-202400036 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; ICSC -National Research Centre for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing and FAIR - Future Artificial Intelligence Research, funded by the NextGenerationEU program (Italy); the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Education and Science, project no. 2022/WK/14, and the National Science Centre, contracts Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369 and 2021/43/B/ST2/01552 (Poland); the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, grant CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, ERDF a way of making Europe, and the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, grant MDM-2017-0765 and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, and the National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, grant B39G670016 (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (U.S.A.)
Validity and Reliability of the Revised Skin Management Needs Assessment Checklist: A Methodological Study
No full textOBJECTIVE:This study was conducted to adapt the revised Skin Management Needs Assessment Checklist (SMnac) into Turkish and determine the reliability and validity by using the Rasch model.METHODS:Data were collected between February and July 2023 from a total of 201 patients using a demographics and clinical history form, Braden Scale, and the revised SMnac. This methodological study used forward translation, expert opinion, back translation, pilot test, and finalization for the language adaptation of the instrument. The feasibility of the questionnaire for the Turkish population with pressure injury was assessed through the Rasch measurement model. Internal consistency reliability with Rasch analysis was calculated with the Person Reliability Index and Item Reliability Index. For content validity, the first Turkish version was evaluated by seven experts.RESULTS:The Content Validity Index of the Turkish version of the revised SMnac was determined to be 0.87. In the Rasch analysis, the person reliability coefficient was detected as 0.87 and the item reliability coefficient as 0.94. In accordance with the results of the adaptation and reliability validity analyses of the original scale, three items were excluded from the scale.CONCLUSIONS:According to the results of the study, the revised SMnac scale was determined to be valid and reliable in Turkish
FERMENTATION QUALITY AND IN VITRO DIGESTIBILITY OF TOTAL MIXED RATION ENSILED WITH FRESH OLIVE CAKE
No full textThis study aimed to investigate the fermentation characteristics, aerobic stability, and in vitro digestibility of the total mixed rations (TMR) ensiled with different amounts of fresh olive cake (OC). Three TMRs were ensiled with different OC percentages on DM basis; 0% OC (control); 10% OC (OC10), and 20% OC (OC20). For each group, 27 vacuum bags (silos; 81 bags in total) were prepared. Three bags from each group were opened on d 2, 4, 7, and 14 of ensiling to measure pH, and on d 21 and d 42 to evaluate the pH and aerobic stability. The remaining bags (9 from each group, 27 in total) were opened on d 60 to measure aerobic stability, fermentation quality (pH, organic acids, and NH3-N), nutritional compositions, and vitro digestibility. Increasing the OC inclusion in the TMRs increased the ether extract, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and acid detergent lignin (ADL) concentrations whereas, non-fibrous carbohydrates, water soluble carbohydrates, and total phenolic content decreased (P <= 0.05). The control group had lower pH compared to other groups during the fermentation period (P <= 0.05). No significant differences were seen among the treatments for lactic acid and acetic acid concentrations. However, propionic acid was greater in OC10 group compared to control (P <= 0.05). Dry matter (DM) loss and aerobic stability were not different among the groups. Flieg score was greater in control group in comparison with that of OC20 group (P =0.016). Relative feed value (RFV) was greater in OC20 group than other groups (P <= 0.001) whereas, control group had lower RFV than OC10 group (P <= 0.001). In vitro digestibility parameters were lower in OC20 group in comparison with other groups (P <= 0.001). Consequently, the results demonstrated that ensiling of TMR with OC had a good quality fermentation profile and feed value. However, in vitro nutrient digestibility was dramatically reduced when OC was used at 20% in TMR on a DM basis. Therefore, the inclusion of OC up to 10% in ruminant diets seems liable.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) [123O181]; TUBITAKThis study was supported by Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) under Grant Number 123O181. The authors thank TUBITAK for their support
Gender Estimation by Using Machine Learning Algorithms with Parameters Obtained from Direct Hand Graphs
No full textObjective: This study was conducted to make gender estimation with parameters obtained from direct hand graphs by using machine learning (ML) algorithms, which is a current issue in the field of health. Methods: The study was conducted by retrospectively examining the X-ray images of 132 men and 126 women between the ages of 18 and 65 who had not undergone hand surgery or who did not have any pathologies in their hands. Proximal phalanx I length (PPI), distal phalanx I length (PDI), proximal phalanx V length (PP5), medial proximal phalanx V length (PM5), distal phalanx V length (PD5), metacarpal I length (M1) and metacarpal V length (M5) were measured on the images. Gender estimation was made by using the measurements obtained at the input of ML models. Results: All the parameters obtained were found to be longer and significant in men when compared with women (p<0.05). In gender estimation with ML models, 0.88 Acc rate was obtained with Extra Tree Classifier algorithm and Acc rate of other algorithms was found to vary between 0.79 and 0.87. Conclusion: As a result of the study, parameters obtained from X-ray hand graphs were found to have highly accurate gender estimation with ML algorithms. In cases where the identity of individuals needs to be predicted quickly and accurately, the analysis of hand radiographs obtained from X-rays and ML algorithms shows that the prediction time can be minimized and high accuracy can be achieved
Climate Change Related Health Problems and Awareness of Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textClimate change can trigger many health problems, from air quality to water resources, from food safety to infectious diseases. Developing nurses' knowledge and skills about the effects of climate change on health can make significant contributions to efforts to protect and improve public health. The aim of the study is to examine the health problems of nursing students related to climate change and determine their awareness and behaviors. This descriptive study included 386 students. Data were collected using the Individual Identification Form and the Climate, Health, and Nursing Scale. The mean age of the participants was 21.62 +/- 3.89; 70% were female, and 47% were 4th-year students. Students who were informed about climate change had higher levels of knowledge, awareness, motivation, and behavior. It was concluded that students' knowledge about climate change had a positive effect on motivation and anxiety levels; while it did not have a significant effect on knowledge and awareness dimensions. Female students have higher levels of motivation and anxiety, which may play a role in shaping gender norms' sensitivity and responses to climate change
The effect of a special adjuvant with FSH on blood FSH level, superstimulation and embryo quality in dairy cattle
No full textFollicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) must be applied at 12-h intervals over 4-5 days in the traditional cattle superovulation protocol, which still needs to be improved. This research paper evaluated the superovulation results obtained by a traditional protocol or by a single administration of FSH dissolved in Montanide (TM) ISA-206 VG (MonISA-206). Control cows were superovulated with 10 mL of FSH (500 mu g pFSH + 100 mu g pLH) from day 7 to day 10 (for 4 days, twice daily i.m. injections, decreasing doses). Cows in the EG10 and EG7.5 groups were injected i.m. with 20 mL (100%, 10 mL + 10 mL) or 15 mL (75%, 7.5 mL + 7.5 mL) of the FSH and MonISA-206 mixture at once on day 7. All cows were inseminated 12 and 24 h after oestrus onset. The cows presented no pathology at the injection sites. Plasma FSH levels differed between the groups, but the interaction between hour and group x time was not different. Superstimulation and embryo quality results were similar between the groups. A single injection of FSH (both 100% and 75% doses) dissolved in MonISA-206 led to adequate plasma FSH levels and similar superovulation results to traditional FSH treatment, and caused no pathology at the injection sites.Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies, Turkey; International Livestock Research and Training Center (Ankara, Turkey)The authors thank the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies, Turkey, and International Livestock Research and Training Center (Ankara, Turkey) for their support
