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Kentsel Yol Ağlarında Kritik Kenar Tespiti için Etkin Bir Algoritma
No full textBu çalışma, trafik ağlarının etkin yönetimi ve optimizasyonu için önemli bir problem olan Kritik Kenar Problemine odaklanmaktadır. Kritik Kenar Problemi, ağdan çıkarılması ile ağın bağlantısallığına en çok zarar verecek kenar kümesini belirlemeyi amaçlayan bir optimizasyon problemidir. Kritik Kenar Problemi trafik yönetimi, acil durum müdahaleleri, altyapı yatırımları ve ağ dayanıklılığını artırma gibi çok sayıda önemli uygulama alanına sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın temel motivasyonu özellikle büyük ölçekli gerçek hayat ağları üzerinde verimli bir şekilde kullanılabilecek yeni bir polinom zamanlı algoritmanın geliştirilmesidir. Geliştirilen algoritmanın efektifliği küçük ölçekli ağlar üzerinde klasik kaba-kuvvet yaklaşımıyla elde edilen optimal sonuçlarla karşılaştırılarak test edilmiştir. Önerilen yöntem, trafik sıkışıklığını azaltma, seyahat sürelerini kısaltma ve çevresel etkileri minimize etme gibi çeşitli kentsel zorluklarla başa çıkma potansiyeli taşımaktadır. Bu araştırma, büyük ölçekli trafik ağlarının anlaşılmasını ve verimli ulaşım sistemlerinin geliştirilmesini teşvik etmek için etkin bir yaklaşım sunmaktadır
Prostat kanserinde fotodinamik terapi için nadir toprak elementi katkılı MoO? nanomalzemenin sentezi, karakterizasyonu ve in vitro uygulaması
No full textFotodinamik terapi (PDT), prostat kanseri tedavisinde geleneksel yöntemlere alternatif olarak giderek daha fazla önem kazanmaktadır. Özellikle fotoduyarlı maddelerin optimizasyonu ve hedefe yönelik taşıma sistemlerinin geliştirilmesi, PDT’nin etkinliğini artırmaya yönelik temel araştırma alanları arasında yer almaktadır. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar, PDT’nin nanoteknoloji ile entegrasyonunun kanser hücrelerinin seçici olarak hedeflenmesini sağladığını ve sağlıklı dokulara zarar verme riskini minimize ettiğini göstermektedir. Molibden trioksit (MoO?), kimyasal stabilitesi ve ışığa duyarlı özellikleri nedeniyle tıbbi uygulamalarda dikkat çeken bir materyaldir. Farklı polimorfik yapıları sayesinde fotokimyasal etkileşimlere karşı yüksek duyarlılık sergileyen MoO?, hem fotosensitizer hem de fototermal ajan olarak kullanılabilme potansiyeline sahiptir. Nadir toprak elementleri ile katkılandığında, optoelektronik özelliklerinin değiştiği ve fotodinamik/ fototermal etkinliğinin arttığı gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, nadir toprak elementleri (Nd, Yb) ile katkılanmış MoO? nanopartiküllerinin prostat kanseri hücre hattı (PC3) üzerindeki fotodinamik etkileri incelenecektir. Özel olarak sentezlenen bu nanopartiküller, belirli dalga boylarındaki lazer ışınlarına maruz bırakılarak reaktif oksijen türleri (ROS) üretimi ve apoptotik süreçlerin tetiklenmesi açısından değerlendirilecektir. Çalışmanın bulguları, nadir toprak elementi katkılı MoO?’ün kanser tedavisinde yenilikçi bir fotosensitizer olarak kullanılma potansiyelini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır
The Relationship of Sarcopenia with Disease Stage and Activities of Daily Living in Parkinson's Patients
No full textAim: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disease, presenting with motor and nonmotor findings. The relationship between clinical features and sarcopenia in Parkinson's patients is not clear, and the evaluation of this relationship is imperative in terms of preventing falls and disabilities. Our study aimed to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with PD and to evaluate the relationship between sarcopenia screening test and disease stage, walking speed, hand grip muscle strength, and activities of daily living. Material and Method: Male and female patients with clinically confirmed PD aged 50 years and older were included in the cross-sectional descriptive study. Disease staging was evaluated using the Hoehn-Yahr scale, walking speed with the Time Up and Go test (TUG), muscle strength with a hand dynamometer, activities of daily living with the Barthel Index, and the SARC-F test for sarcopenia. Results: Of the 52 patients included in the study, 40.4% were female and 59.6% were male, and the mean age was 69.86±8.14 years. SARC-F score was high in 51.4% of the patients. The disease stage was associated with an increase in SARC-F scores. The increase in SARC-F scores was positively correlated with the increase in the TUG test (p=0.028, r=0.306), while the SARC-F score was negatively correlated with activities of daily living. (p=0.000, r=-0.684). Eighty-one-point three percent of the women with low hand muscle strength had high SARC-F scores, and the difference between them was statistically significant. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that sarcopenia was prevalent among patients with PD, with its prevalence increasing in direct proportion to the progression of the disease. Furthermore, patients exhibiting high sarcopenia levels demonstrated reduced walking speed and impaired daily living abilities. These observations underscore the critical importance of incorporating sarcopenia evaluations into the development of rehabilitation programs for patients
Structural and luminescence properties of Tb3+-doped Na2Gd2B2O7 phosphors for LED applications: Judd–Ofelt analysis and alkali co-doping effects
No full textIn this study, we report the structural and luminescent properties of Tb3+-activated Na2Gd2B2O7 (NGBO) phosphors synthesized via a microwave-assisted gel combustion method. The effect of alkali ion co-doping (K+, Li+) on emission efficiency, crystal structure, and color purity was systematically investigated under near-UV excitation (?ex = 377 nm). X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of a single-phase monoclinic structure, while Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Raman spectra revealed preserved BO3/BO4 units with minor vibrational shifts. The NGBO:0.02 Tb3+ sample showed strong green emission at 542 nm (5D4 ? 7F5), with the highest intensity at 2 wt% Tb3+, prior to concentration quenching. Judd–Ofelt (J-O) analysis gave ?4 = 0.41 × 10-20 cm2 and ?6 = 0.64 × 10-20 cm2, indicating favorable asymmetric environments. Notably, temperature-dependent PL studies exhibited negative thermal quenching up to 500 K, attributed to thermally released trapped carriers. Time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) revealed lifetimes up to 1.27 ms, enhanced by alkali doping due to reduced non-radiative losses. Co-doped samples showed tunable Commission Internationale de l’Éclairage (CIE) coordinates (x = 0.2728–0.3110, y = 0.3061–0.4508), approaching white-light emission. These results position NGBO:Tb3+ as a promising, thermally stable phosphor for solid-state lighting and optical sensing. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Balikesir Üniversitesi, (2024/172); Balikesir Üniversites
Clinicians' perspectives and practices on critical outcomes and their expectations from the laboratory
No full textObjectives This study aimed to evaluate clinicians' awareness, perspectives, and expectations regarding critical value reporting in laboratories through both a survey and retrospective data analysis.Methods Critical value data were retrospectively collected from the hospital information system between September 2021 and February 2022. A 17-item survey, comprising six demographic questions and 11 items related to critical values (eight closed-ended, two semi-open-ended, and one open-ended), was administered to clinicians at two tertiary hospitals using Google Forms. The survey was piloted on 10 clinicians for validation. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2013 (Microsoft Corp., WA, USA) and SPSS version 25.0 (IBM Corp., NY, USA).Results Over the six-month period, a total of 4,899 critical values were reported, with platelets, hemoglobin, and glucose being the most frequently flagged parameters. The median critical value notification time was found to be 7 min. A total of 321 clinicians participated in the survey. Among them, 97.8 % considered critical value reporting essential; 44.6 % preferred notification via text message, while 10.8 % favored phone calls. Most respondents found the current critical value test list adequate; however, 8.4 % suggested that troponin should be added.Conclusions Our findings indicate a high level of clinician awareness and acceptance of the importance of critical value reporting. Timely notification and the selection of appropriate communication methods were identified as key factors. In addition, recommendations to add tests such as troponin to the critical value list highlight the importance of regularly updating the list based on clinical needs
Clinical and Genetic Spectrum of RYR1-Related Disease
No full textIntroduction: In this study, we examined the genotype-phenotype characteristics of the cases with pathogenic/ possibly pathogenic variants in the RYR1 gene that we follow in our clinic. Methods: Data of patients who applied to our clinic and had pathogenic/possibly pathogenic/variant of unknown significance variants in the RYR1 gene were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were examined in terms of demographic, clinical, and individual genetic data, age of symptom-onset, sex, clinical features, clinical types, variants, cardiac involvement, muscle biopsy results, serum creatinine kinase (CK) levels, family history, and consanguinity. Results: The variants were detected in 19 patients from 18 different families. The most common (n = 5, 38.4%) variant was the c.7880T>G (p.Val2627Gly) heterozygous change. 63.1% of our patients were male (n = 12) and 37.9% were female. Admission complaints included a floppy baby, developmental delay, or hyperCKemia. The most common clinical spectrum was malignant hyperthermia (MH) sensitivity (n = 8, 44.4%). We also identified four novel variants in our cohort. Conclusion: RYR1 is known to be the gene most associated with MH. It is very important to manage and take precautions against possible comorbidities and anesthesia complications. For this reason, we think that RYR1 analyses should be given priority in the diagnostic algorithm. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Utilizing solid-state nuclear track detectors to evaluate radon adsorption in MOF-doped nanofibers
No full textRadon gas is the second leading cause of lung cancer after smoking. Since people spend a significant part of the day in closed areas, it is necessary to take measures to reduce and mitigate indoor radon levels. This study focuses on using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as novel radon adsorbents. The solid-state nuclear trace method was adopted to determine the radon adsorption of MOFs. The study consisted of four stages: MOF synthesis, characterization, MOF-doped nanofabric production, and determination of radon adsorption of fabrics. The results showed that MOF-doped nanofibers have radon adsorption potential.Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit [23967]This study was supported by Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit. Project Number: 23967. This study constitutes a part of Ceren GUENDOGDU's master's thesis conducted at the Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Ege University. We sincerely thank the anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful suggestions that resulted in the final form of our manuscript, which is greatly improved by their suggestions
Sex Prediction Using Geometric Morphometry with Parameters Obtained from the Orbit, Nasal Bone and Pyriforme Aperture|Predicción del Sexo Mediante Morfometría Geométrica con Parámetros Obtenidos de la Órbita, el Hueso Nasal y la Apertura Piriforme
No full textSex-related changes in the morphometry of the orbit and upper face is an important topic in plastic surgery, forensic sciences and basic medical sciences. With this hypothesis, the aim of this study is to estimate sex using geometric morphometry method with parameters obtained from orbits, nasal bone and pyriforme aperture. The study was performed on Computed Tomography images of 326 individuals aged 25-65 years. The images were three-dimensionalized and superimposed. The real magnification images were then converted to TPS format and 19 homologous landmarks were added to the images. Generalized Procrustes Analysis (GPA) was applied to the obtained coordinates and repositioned around the center of gravity. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to the new data positioned around the center of gravity to reduce the dimensionality. Linear discriminate analysis (LDA) was applied to the dimensionality-reduced images to obtain sex estimation accuracy. The study found that 77.126 % of the coordinates gathered around the center of gravity could be explained by the first 3 Principal Component (PCs). LDA analysis applied to the new coordinates yielded a 96.01 % sex prediction rate. As a result of the study, a high accuracy rate was obtained in terms of sex prediction using geometric morphometry method with parameters obtained from the orbit, nasal bone and pyriforme aperture. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Prognostic Criteria for Recurrence and Disease-Free Survival in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Single-Center 10-Year Retrospective Analysis
No full textBackground and Objectives: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are a rare group of tumors occur from the mesenchymal tissue of the gastrointestinal tract. Many classifications have been developed to assess the survival of GISTs. Aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of tumor characteristics and existing classification systems on survival in GISTs. Methods: Study was conducted as a single center retrospective cohort study. We evaluated pathology results and the medical records of patients who had surgery for GIST at Tepecik Training and Research Hospital between 2010 and 2020 retrospectively. Results: A total of sixty-eight patients were detected. Thirty-three (48.5%) of the patients were male and the mean age at initial diagnosis was 60.8 +/- 11.9 years. Thirty-seven (54.4%) of the primary tumor was localized in the stomach and the median tumor size was 6.8 cm. Mortality rate was higher in patients with irregular tumor contour (P=0.044). Mortality rate was higher in patients with colonic GIST (P=0.026). Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) was found as the best classification system that could assess the prognosis (AUC:0.758 (0.644-0.872), P=0.001). Among various factors, only the mitotic index was found as a risk factor in the development of recurrence (HR (95%CI): 1.019 (1.006-1.032), P=0.004). Conclusion: The best prognostic factor for disease-free survival in GISTs is the mitotic index. In addition, Ki-67 index, tumor size, presence of necrosis and hemorrhage should be considered as other factors that may be related to disease-free survival. Colorectal GISTs have the worst postoperative mortality and recurrence rates
Critical route in irregular migration movements to Europe: The Eastern Mediterranean route
No full textGelişen teknoloji ile birlikte dünyadaki her türlü hareketlilik gibi insan hareketliliği de artmaktadır. Söz konusu insan hareketliliği ekonomik, sosyal ve siyasal nedenlerle sorunlu bölgelerden gelişmiş ülkelere doğru gerçekleşmektedir. Bu çerçevede Asya ve Afrika bölgelerinden yola çıkan göçmenler AB üyesi ülkelere ulaşmak için sekiz güzergâh kullanmaktadır. Bu sekiz güzergâh içinde Türkiye'nin de bir parçası olduğu Doğu Akdeniz güzergâhı önemli bir yere sahiptir. Türkiye, coğrafi konumu nedeniyle Asya ve Afrika'yı Avrupa'ya bağlayan bir köprü görevi görmektedir. Özellikle 2010 yılında Tunus'ta başlayan olayların etkisiyle hızla yayılan "Arap Baharı" kaynaklı ayaklanmalar, geniş bir bölgede istikrarsızlığa neden olmuş ve kitlesel göç hareketlerini tetiklemiştir. Bu durum Doğu Akdeniz güzergâhının kullanımında artışa neden olmuştur. Ancak Doğu Akdeniz güzergâhının kullanım yoğunluğunda göç edilecek olan ülkelerin dönemsel olarak aldıkları sıkı önlemler, göç edilen sahalardaki siyasi gelişmeler ve 2020 yılında olduğu gibi Covid 19 salgını kaynaklı sert tedbirler nedeniyle değişiklikler yaşanmıştır. Doğu Akdeniz güzergâhını kullanan düzensiz göçmenler Türkiye'ye, Suriye'den Hatay, Kilis, Gaziantep, Şanlıurfa, Mardin ve Şırnak illeri; kullanılması önerilir. Irak'tan Şırnak ve Hakkari illeri; kullanılması önerilir İran'dan Hakkari, Van ve Ağrı illeri geçişli olarak giriş yapmaktadır. Türkiye'ye sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik yönden uyum sağlayan düzensiz göçmenler Türkiye'ye kalıcı olarak dağılış gösterirken; Avrupa ülkelerine ulaşmayı hedefleyen düzensiz göçmenler ise Edirne'den kara ve nehir geçişli olarak Çanakkale, Balıkesir, İzmir, Aydın ve Muğla illerindense deniz yolunu kullanarak Yunanistan topraklarına geçmektedir. Düzensiz göçmenlerin bu geçişler sırasında v bölgenin güvenlik görevlilerine yakalanmamak için tehlikeli yoları ve yöntemlerin tercih etmesi, İtalya ve Yunanistan'ın sert uygulamaları can kaybına veya yaralanmalarına sebep olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Doğu Akdeniz göç güzergahındaki insan hareketliliğinin nedenleri ve göç sürecinin işleyiş mekanizması ele alınmıştır. Durum analizi yöntemi çerçevesinde yapılan incelemeye göre göç üreten sahalardaki sorunlar çözülmeden ve göçmenlere insani bir tutumla yaklaşılmadan söz konusu göç hareketlerinin durdurulamayacağı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Göç, Düzensiz Göçmen, Avrupa, Türkiye, Doğu Akdeniz GüzergâhıCritical Route for Irregular Migration Flows to Europe:Eastern Mediterranean Route Elif BİLGİÇ Department of Geography İzmir Bakırçay University, Graduate Education Institute, June, 2025 Supervisor: Doç. Dr. Fahrettin TEPEALTI Assistant Professor With the developing technology, human mobility is increasing, as is all kinds of mobility in the world. This human mobility takes place from problematic regions to developed countries for economic, social and political reasons. In this context, migrants departing from Asian and African regions use eight routes to reach EU member states. Among these eight routes, the Eastern Mediterranean route, of which Türkiye is a part, has an important place. Due to its geographical location, Türkiye acts as a bridge connecting Asia and Africa to Europe. The uprisings caused by the "Arab Spring", which spread rapidly with the effect of the events that started in Tunisia in 2010, caused instability in a wide region and triggered mass migration movements. This situation has led to an increase in the use of the Eastern Mediterranean route. However, there have been changes in the intensity of use of the Eastern Mediterranean route due to the strict measures taken periodically by the countries to be migrated, the political developments in the migration areas, and the harsh measures caused by the Covid 19 epidemic, as in 2020. Irregular migrants using the Eastern Mediterranean route enter Türkiye through the provinces of Hatay, Kilis, Gaziantep, Şanlıurfa, Mardin and Şırnak from Syria, Şırnak and Hakkari from Iraq, and Hakkari, Van and Ağrı from Iran. While irregular migrants, who have adapted to Türkiye socially, culturally and economically, are permanently distributed in Türkiye; Irregular migrants, who aim to reach European countries, cross the land and river from Edirne and pass through the provinces of Çanakkale, Balıkesir, İzmir, Aydın and Muğla to the territory of Greece by using the sea route. The fact that irregular migrants prefer dangerous ways and methodsto avoid being caught by the security guards vii of the region during these crossings, and the harsh practices of Italy and Greece cause loss of life or injuries. In this study, the causes of human mobility on the Eastern Mediterranean migration route and the mechanism of the migration process are discussed. According to the analysis carried out within the framework of the situation analysis method, it has been concluded that these migration movements cannot be stopped without solving the problems in the areas that produce migration and approaching the migrants with a humane attitude. Keywords: Immigration, Irregular Migrant, Europe, Türkiye, Eastern Mediterranean Rout