Journal Universitas Pasundan
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PENGEMBANGAN KEMAMPUAN SOSIAL EMOSIONAL MELALUI PERMAINAN ULAR TANGGA PADA ANAK PAUD TERPADU RESTU DI DESA PERSIAPAN TIANG BENDERA KECAMATAN HUAMUAL BELAKANG KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT
No full textSocial-emotional development is the process by which children learn to interact appropriately according to social norms and manage their emotions. The Snakes and Ladders game serves as effective learning media to develop children's social-emotional skills while enhancing learning motivation and social interaction. This study aims to determine whether the Snakes and Ladders game can develop social-emotional skills in children at PAUD Terpadu Restu, Persiapan Tiang Bendera Village, Huamual Belakang District, West Seram Regency. This research employed classroom action research methodology conducted in two cycles, each consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection phases. The study involved 12 children (5 girls and 7 boys) at PAUD Terpadu Restu. Results showed significant improvement in children's social-emotional development through the Snakes and Ladders game. In Cycle I, assessment results showed: Very Well Developed (BSB) 8.3%, Well Developed (BSH) 8.3%, Developing (MB) 50%, and Not Yet Developed (BB) 33%. In Cycle II, results improved dramatically to: BSB 75%, BSH 16%, MB 8.3%, and BB 0%. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the Snakes and Ladders game effectively develops social-emotional skills in children at PAUD Terpadu Restu for the 2025 academic year
Peran Kebijakan Retribusi Daerah Bidang Perhubungan dalam Optimalisasi Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebijakan retribusi daerah pada bidang perhubungan di Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara (PPU), mengevaluasi arah kebijakan yang diterapkan dalam rangka peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD), serta merumuskan formula penetapan tarif retribusi alat angkut yang proporsional dan berkeadilan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan campuran (mixed methods) dengan mengombinasikan penelitian hukum normatif dan analisis ekonomi. Data diperoleh melalui studi dokumen, wawancara, dan observasi lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan retribusi daerah di bidang perhubungan di PPU telah memiliki dasar hukum yang memadai, namun implementasinya masih menghadapi tantangan berupa keterbatasan optimalisasi aset, efektivitas pemungutan, dan penyesuaian tarif dengan nilai ekonomi riil. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan kebijakan retribusi berbasis digital, penyesuaian tarif berbasis biaya dan manfaat (cost–benefit), serta optimalisasi aset daerah sebagai instrumen peningkatan PAD yang berkelanjutan
PERMASALAHAN DAN POLA DALAM PERKEMBANGAN STRUKTUR DASAR SELAMA EMBRIOGENESIS TUMBUHAN
Full text linkEmbryogenesis in plants represents the developmental process that establishes the body plan and fundamental tissue organization from a single fertilized cell, the zygote. This process involves a series of tightly regulated events that include asymmetric cell division, genetic signaling, hormonal regulation, and tissue differentiation leading to the establishment of the root, shoot, and vascular systems. Recent advances in molecular biology and microscopy have provided new insights into how spatial and temporal gene expression contributes to early pattern formation. This literature study aims to examine the patterns and current problems in the development of basic structural organization during plant embryogenesis. Based on the review of recent studies, it is evident that genes such as WOX, YODA, GNOM, and MONOPTEROS play essential roles in cell fate determination and polarity establishment, while the phytohormone auxin acts as a central morphogen controlling the formation of the embryonic axis. Furthermore, epigenetic regulation, including DNA methylation and histone modification, has been shown to influence embryogenic competence in various plant species. Current challenges include limited visualization of the earliest zygotic stages, species-specific variations in developmental patterns, and the difficulty of elucidating molecular mechanisms underlying somatic embryogenesis. This review contributes to understanding the fundamental molecular and physiological mechanisms of plant development and provides valuable insights for biotechnological applications such as somatic embryo induction, genetic transformation, and large-scale plant regeneration systems
MULTIKULTURALISME DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM: STUDI TEMATIK AL-QUR’AN DAN HADITS
Full text linkThis article discusses the concept of multiculturalism in Islamic education through a thematic study of Quranic verses and Hadith related to diversity. This study aims to uncover the normative foundations of multicultural education in Islam and its relevance to the development of contemporary educational practices. The method used is library research with a thematic approach (maudh'i), namely collecting, classifying, and analyzing verses and Hadith related to the principles of equality, tolerance, justice, and respect for differences. The results of the study show that the Quran emphasizes diversity as a sunnatullah that must be accepted constructively, as reflected in the principle of equal human dignity (QS. Al-Hujurat: 13), the prohibition of discrimination and fanaticism ('ashabiyyah), and the command to treat everyone fairly. The Hadith of the Prophet also reinforces these values through the Prophet's life example in building an inclusive Medina society. The research findings confirm that Islamic education has a strong theological foundation for developing multicultural education that respects cultural, religious, and ethnic plurality. Thus, internalizing multicultural values in Islamic education is important to implement to form students who are moderate, tolerant, and have a global perspective
Penerapan Materi Siklus Rantai Makanan Secara Mendalam Menggunakan Media Piramida di Kelas 5 SD Negeri 009 Hutaraja: Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK)
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan materi siklus rantai makanan secara mendalam melalui penggunaan media pembelajaran pada siswa kelas V di SD Negeri 009 Hutaraja. Latar belakang penelitian ini berangkat dari rendahnya pemahaman siswa terhadap konsep rantai makanan yang selama ini hanya diajarkan secara teoritis tanpa media konkret sehingga menyebabkan siswa sulit memahami alur perpindahan energi antarmakhluk hidup. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan dua siklus, setiap siklus terdiri atas tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah 28 siswa kelas V tahun ajaran 2024/2025. Media piramida rantai makanan digunakan sebagai alat bantu visual tiga dimensi untuk memudahkan siswa memahami peran produsen, konsumen I, konsumen II, konsumen III, serta predator puncak dalam ekosistem. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi aktivitas belajar siswa, tes hasil belajar, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media piramida dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa, terlihat dari peningkatan aktivitas belajar dan hasil tes. Presentase ketuntasan belajar siswa meningkat dari 57% pada pratindakan menjadi 78% pada siklus I dan 93% pada siklus II. Selain itu, siswa menunjukkan antusiasme dan keterlibatan yang lebih tinggi dalam pembelajaran berbasis media konkret. Dengan demikian, penerapan media piramida dalam pembelajaran materi siklus rantai makanan terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep, hasil belajar, serta motivasi siswa. Media piramida dapat dijadikan alternatif inovasi pembelajaran IPA di sekolah dasar untuk memperkuat pembelajaran berbasis visual, konkret, dan berpusat pada siswa
A PERAN GURU DALAM MENGINTERGRASIKAN PENDIDIKAN INKLUSIF DI UPTD SDI SIKUMANA 3
No full textPendidikan inklusif merupakan sebuah pendekatan dalam pendidikan yang memberikan kesempatan kepada Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK) untuk belajar tanpa diskriminasi. Meskipun demikian, penerapan pendidikan inklusif di lapangan masih menghadapi berbagai kendala. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan pedagogis guru tentang pendidikan inklusif, peran guru dan sikap guru terhadap (ABK) serta hambatan penerapan pendidikan inklusif di UPTD Sekolah Dasar Sikumana 3. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket (Kuesioner) dan wawancara mendalam terhadap guru kelas yang mengampu pendidikan inklusif. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa guru memiliki wawasan yang luas terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan sikap yang terbuka terhadap anak berkebutuhan khusus dengan pemanfaatan media teknologi dan visual. Guru memiliki peran sentral dalam pendidikan inklusif berbagai dimensi kompetensi dan kendala yang terjadi di awal. Hambatan ini muncul karena setiap peserta didik, terutama Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK), memiliki kebutuhan dan karakteristik yang beragam.
 
Dari Piksel ke Paragraf: Pemetaan Kesalahan Penulisan Kalimat Efektif dalam Teks Berita Siswa XI DKV
No full textThis research is motivated by the linguistic competence gap observed in vocational high school (SMK) students majoring in Visual Communication Design (DKV), where dominant visual communication skills are often not matched by adequate verbal-written proficiency. The core issue addressed is the low mastery of effective sentence rules in composing news texts, which demand high objectivity and precise information. This study aims to identify, analyze, and comprehensively map the forms of effective sentence writing errors in news texts produced by eleventh-grade DKV students at SMK Kesatrian Purwokerto. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the study identifies linguistic lapses based on the framework of Alwi et al. (2017). Data were collected through a news-writing performance test. The results reveal a total of 430 errors classified into five major categories. The most dominant error is "Kecermatan" (Precision, involving Spelling & Capitalization) with 182 findings (42.3%), categorized as "Very High." This is followed by "Kesepadanan Struktur" (Structural Balance) with 98 findings (22.8%) and "Kepaduan" (Coherence) with 76 findings (17.7%), both categorized as "High." Additionally, "Kehematan Kata" (Economy of Words) contributed 45 findings (10.5%) in the "Moderate" category, while "Kelogisan" (Logic) was the least frequent with 29 findings (6.7%). These findings confirm that the "visual thinker" characteristic of DKV students leads them to overlook basic mechanical and structural linguistic precision. This mapping serves as a crucial diagnostic tool for educators to design targeted literacy interventions that bridge the gap between visual creativity and formal written communication requirements in the professional creative industry
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERBICARA SISWA TK MENGGUNAKAN METODE BERMAIN PERAN
No full textSpeaking ability is an essential skill that must be developed in early childhood because it influences social interaction and learning achievement. Initial observations at TK BPP Rendakasih, Cisitu District, showed that some students were still passive and lacked confidence in speaking, indicating the need for a learning strategy that could increase participation and verbal skills. This study aims to analyze the effect of role-playing methods on students’ speaking ability and to improve teacher and student activity during learning. The research employed Classroom Action Research (CAR) with the Kemmis and McTaggart spiral design, consisting of four phases: planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The research subjects were students of Group B at TK BPP Rendakasih, conducted over three cycles with one meeting per cycle. Data were collected through observation of teacher activity, student participation, and speaking ability tests, then analyzed descriptively both qualitatively and quantitatively to observe trends of improvement across cycles. The results showed significant improvements in all three aspects: teacher activity increased from 62% to 100%, student activity increased from 53% to 87%, and students’ speaking ability improved from 52% to 88%, indicating that the role-playing method effectively encourages engagement, confidence, and verbal skills. In conclusion, the role-playing method is proven to enhance early childhood speaking skills comprehensively and improve learning quality. It is recommended that teachers continue implementing role-playing strategies with varied media and ongoing evaluation, while adjusting roles and activities according to students’ characteristics for optimal results.
Keywords: role-playing, speaking ability, early childhood, classroom action, learnin
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA MAZE HURUF VOKAL UNTUK KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR SIMBOLIK ANAK USIA 5–6 TAHUN
No full textThis study aims to develop a valid, practical, and effective vowel maze media in improving the symbolic thinking skills of children aged 5–6 years. This research is motivated by the limitations of interactive learning media in schools, so that children do not get an interesting learning experience in recognizing vowels. The research method uses the Rowntree development model which includes the planning, development, and evaluation stages, and is equipped with Tessmer formative evaluation through expert review, one-to-one evaluation, and small group evaluation. The research subjects were 12 children, consisting of 3 children in the one-to-one evaluation stage and 9 children in the small group evaluation stage, while the object of the research was the vowel maze media in learning to recognize vowels. The research instruments included a material expert validation sheet, a media expert validation sheet, an observation sheet, and a teacher response questionnaire. The validation results showed that the vowel maze media was very valid with a score of 100% from material experts and 95% from media experts, so that the average validity reached 97%. The practicality test demonstrated excellent practicality, with scores of 91% in the one-to-one evaluation stage and 96% in the small group evaluation stage, or an average of 93%. Furthermore, the media proved effective in improving children's symbolic thinking skills in recognizing vowels, imitating letter shapes, naming objects that begin with vowels, and grouping objects based on the same vowel
PENGARUH PELATIHAN PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN LITERASI DIGITAL IBU RUMAH TANGGA TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN PENIPUAN ONLINE DI KELURAHAN BUNGA TANJUNG KOTA TANJUNG BALAI
No full textThis study aims to determine the effect of digital literacy training on the prevention of online fraud among housewives aged over 50 years in Bunga Tanjung Village, Tanjung Balai City. The increase in cases of digital fraud among the elderly highlights the importance of digital literacy as a preventive measure so that the community can use technology safely. This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method through a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research subjects consisted of 30 housewives, with an instrument in the form of a 25-item questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis included prerequisite tests (normality and linearity), variable tendency tests, and simple linear regression tests to see the influence between variables. The results showed that the participants' digital literacy skills were in the high category after participating in the training, as indicated by a significant increase in posttest scores compared to pretest scores. Online fraud prevention also increased significantly, and there was a positive and significant effect between digital literacy training and online fraud prevention, with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05 and tcount > ttable (8.384 > 2.084). These findings prove that digital literacy training is effective in increasing the awareness and ability of housewives to recognize and avoid digital fraud. Similar training programs are recommended to be carried out continuously so that the digital resilience of the community becomes stronger