CNS Czasopisma Naukowe w Sieci
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Recenzja książki „Agresywność nieletnich. Fenomen, etiologia, profilaktyka”, redakcja naukowa Paulina Perska-Gradowska, Dorota Rondalska, Agnieszka Nymś-Górna, Wydawnictwo Difin, Warszawa 2022 r., ss. 202
No full textPoza Tekst. Realizm a współczesna literatura i jej krytyka
No full textThis essay is an introduction to the issue of Theoretical Practice dedicated to realism. Its topics include the reasons for the diminished role of realism in contemporary literary studies, as well as recent attempts to reclaim this convention in literature and criticism.Szkic stanowi wstęp do numeru Praktyki Teoretycznej poświęconego realizmowi. Jego tematem są zarówno przyczyny umniejszenia roli realizmu we współczesnym literaturoznawstwie, jak i próby odzyskiwania tej konwencji w literaturze i krytyce w ostatnich latach
Kontekstualny charakter wybranych determinant rozwodu – krytyczna analiza literatury
No full textThe main objective of this study is to demonstrate the complexity and contextual entanglements of factors affecting divorce probability. The paper examines the impact of worldview (including religiosity), spousal education, presence of children in marriage, and economic situation. To achieve the aforementioned goal, a critical analysis of the selected literature was conducted and enriched with references to publicly available statistical data. The article is divided into four main sections, each dedicated to the impact of one of the four discussed factor groups on divorce risk. The argument is supported by critical references to the literature and offers possible mechanisms of influence. The analysis reveals that each examined factor can influence divorce probability, but the impact is highly susceptible to cultural change and varies over time, making generalizations to the global population difficult. The results of the study suggest a particular need to consider and specify the cultural context in divorce probability research, along with the inclusion of a broader set of explanatory variables and their interactions.Głównym celem artykułu jest pokazanie złożoności i kontekstualnego uwikłania wybranych czynników wpływających na prawdopodobieństwo rozwodów. W pracy omówiono wpływ światopoglądu (w tym religijności), wykształcenia małżonków, obecności dzieci w małżeństwie oraz sytuacji ekonomicznej. By zrealizować wyżej wskazany cel, dokonano analizy krytycznej wybranej literatury, którą wzbogacono odniesieniami do ogólnodostępnych danych statystycznych. Artykuł dzieli się na cztery główne części, poświęcone wpływowi na ryzyko rozwodu czterech omawianych grup czynników. Wywód uwzględnia krytyczne odniesienie do literatury i propozycje możliwych mechanizmów wpływu. Analiza wskazuje, że każdy z badanych czynników może wpływać na prawdopodobieństwo rozwodu, ale wpływ ten jest bardzo podatny na zmiany kulturowe oraz zmienny w czasie, a tym samym trudny do uogólnienia na populację światową. Rezultaty kwerendy sugerują szczególną potrzebę rozważania i precyzowania kontekstu kulturowego w badaniach nad czynnikami wpływającymi na prawdopodobieństwo rozwodów, a także uwzględniania w nich szerokiego zbioru zmiennych objaśniających oraz ich interakcji
Wokół polskich obrazów Wschodu. Kilka refleksji na temat raportu Adama Balcera o rodzimej orientalizacji
No full textUnderstanding Language Teachers’ Positional Identities in a Professional Promotion Appraisal Context
No full textThis study examines how forty-eight Polish in-service language teachers position them- selves through their discourse during professional promotion examinations for teachers. The data were collected via field notes concerning the participants’ narratives and their responses to the questions asked by the members of the examination commissions. Of particular interest were the teachers’ three self-positions: the unique self, the ideal self, and the fearful self. The analysis of the datarevealed that, apart from the emergence of the references to the three positional identities, each of these self-positions could be further subdivided into other self-position constructions which shed light on what language teachers believe would be appreciated by the examiners under the circumstances. The significance of the study lies in its focus on in-service language teachers’ discourses obtained in a particular professional situation— teacher promotion examinations— to which access is rather rare. The findings shed further light on the connection between teacher identity, teacher emotions, and teacher agency and offer implications for in-service language teachers, teacher ex- aminers, and teacher educators
W poszukiwaniu językowych konceptualizacji żalu: kolokacje rzeczownika „żal” z czasownikami
No full textThe aim of the article is to examine conceptualizations of ‘żal’ emerging from verbal collocations of the noun żal in Polish. The basis for illustrating this culturally specific emotion consists of general metaphors based on the CONTAINER and FORCE schemata. The conceptualization also involves specific metaphors invoking domains such as FLUID, NATURAL and PHYSICAL FORCE, ADVERSARY IN FIGHT, SHARP TOOL, and LIVING ORGANISM. Each metaphorical representation relates to a specific element of the scenario of ‘żal’: the beginning, change in intensity of the emotion, culminating moment, and reaction. Different participants in the situation are profiled through these metaphors, including the causal factor, the emotion itself, the experiencer, or the (optional) object of the emotion. The analysis of metaphorical conceptualizations of ‘żal’ confirmed that conceptually it is closely related not only to sadness but also to anger. The specificity of the studied emotion is also evidenced by a significant group of collocations in which the noun żal indicates a reaction to the emotion—usually verbal—directed towards a personal recipient
„W pokorze”. Ukształtowanie pojęcia „pokornie” w języku polskim
No full textStarting from the category of humility and humbleness in religious, philosophical and pedagogical aspects and from the depiction of humility and humbleness in ancient and contemporary Polish, a reconstruction is made of the formation of the idea of humbly in Polish on the basis of lexis and multiword units. This consideration includes the ranges of meaning contained in the dictionary definitions of the lexemes pokornie [humbly] and pokorno [humbly], the semantic explications of words containing the sem ‘humbly’, the manifestation of this sense in the close synonyms of the word pokornie [humbly], and the manifestation of this meaning in word combinations from different thematic circles
Zmiany znaczeniowe staropolskich czasowników myślenia
No full textVerba cogitandi in the Old Polish era constituted an extensive collection. Some of them continue in modern Polish with an unchanged meaning, others have completely fallen out of use. There is also a group of verbs that in the Middle Ages named thought processes, but at various times in the history of the Polish language they changed their meaning. Nowadays, they differ from Old Polish. This group is the subject of the article. Some of them still refer to intellectual activities (e.g. doliczać, rozczytać, rozmyślić się, wymieniać, wywodzić i zatwierdzić) but there are also those that have completely changed their meaning and nowadays refer mainly to movement (kłaść, obrócić i zbiegać). Several verbs already functioned as polysemes in Old Polish (e.g. kusić, przemieniać, trzymać, uiścić, zbyć, zeznać), and one of their meanings named thought processes. Today it is not confirmed. The work is part of the trend of lexical semantics from a diachronic perspective
Zawieranie i wykonywanie umów przez jednostki gospodarki uspołecznionej na przykładzie umowy dostawy
No full textSocialized economy units were special entities in the period of the Polish People’s Republic, and the regulations regarding them were in line with the authoritarian rule of that time. As civil law entities, socialized economy units have been subject to the provisions of the Civil Code since its entry into force in January 1965. However, in situations where it was required by “special trading needs”, the competent state administration bodies were entitled to regulate relations between socialized economy units in a different way. The interference of administrative bodies into civil law relations is connected with the implementation of the general objective of protecting the national interest. The aim of the article is to analyse the provisions regarding contractual relations between socialized economy units on the example of a supply agreement. It was one of two contracts in the new Civil Code (along with the construction works contract) to which only socialized economy units could be parties. The analysis in the specified historical period allowed for drawing conclusions regarding the mechanism of functioning of civil law institutions in the Polish People’s Republic in a situation where the parties to the contract were specific entities of the national economy
Rola Unii Europejskiej w zwalczaniu totalitaryzmu i autorytaryzmu na świecie — ambicje i przeszkody
No full textThe European Union is a community of member states based on law and with axiological guarantees at its foundation. The Union is an legal entity whose goal is to protect its own values and interests and to protect its citizens, not only in its internal activities, but also in its external relations. These are activities for the benefit of the international community that protect against divisions, splits, radicalism, and the spread of autocratic and totalitarian ideas in Europe and the world. The rules are laid down in the Treaty on European Union and its provisions — art. 2 TEU, art. 3(5) and 21 (2) TEU. The main research question of the presented text is how the above legal obligations are fulfilled by the Union in times of current political and legal crises? What are or should be the consequences from the EU towards aggressors? What about Russia invading Ukraine and committing international crimes? Given that this situation is unprecedented, the Union, as a member of the international community, is taking several actions beyond the competences conferred directly on it in the Treaties. This is met with external and internal criticism in the EU, giving rise to numerous legal obstacles, including formal ones. In these conditions, the Union refers to the actions of Mem- ber States, based on the a priori assumption of compliance with the norms of international law. These actions are the result of the Union’s ambition to turn the “dynamics of Ukraine” into an opportunity to develop new standards in responding to crisis situations and dealing with impunity of aggression anywhere in the world. However, these ambitions have a chance of success only if they are implemented in the spirit of respect for the law and common values in the international community