PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences
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THE ROLE OF COMPETENCY DIMENSIONS AND ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT IN CLIMATE CHANGE ADVISORY SERVICE DELIVERY
Get PDFAgricultural sector is vital not only to the livelihood of Malaysian farmers but also to Malaysian economy. However, the sector is currently being threatened by environmental phenomenon in form of climate change. Majority of Malaysian farmers are small-holders who rely mostly on extension workers for information and advisory services. Hence, it is the job of these extension workers to facilitate adaptation among their clientele. This study assessed the factors influencing the performance of such job among the extension workers. The study sought to establish the role of relevant factors in effective performance. The factors have been tested separately previously, but this study brought them together to assess their respective contributions. The research design was quantitative cross-sectional survey of public agricultural extension personnel in Peninsular Malaysia. Data was obtained from 328 extension personnel. It was analysed using descriptive and inferential techniques. The results revealed that extension workers with higher core and adaptation-specific competencies; more work experience and younger in age are predicted to be more effective in job performance and facilitating climate change adaptation among clients
THE COST OF MULTITASKING: A COMPUTER-ASSISTED QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF TASK-SWITCHING COSTS IN SPEED AND ACCURACY BY AGE AND GENDER
Get PDFMultitasking is known to have negative impacts on productivity. However, there has been no systematic study on its negative effects comparing age and gender groups at a large scale. Due to limitations in previous methods, this study aimed to develop an original web-based Multitasking Test (MTT) tool and then use it to test a large sample of diverse participants on their task-switching costs (time and accuracy lost when multitasking). MTT allowed participants (N = 1,004) to each conduct 6 pattern-matching tasks with playing cards (20 trials per task). Results indicated that (a) high schoolers took 95% more time and made 120% more errors when multitasking than when performing single tasks separately; (b) the 22-25 age group performed the best among all groups, consistent with previous neuroscience findings that the human brain does not reach maturity until 24 years old; and (c) there were significant gender differences (p < .001) in switching costs in time, potentially explained by gender differences in the structural connectome of human brains. This study presents an innovative, computer-assisted methodological design and demonstrates how multitasking has switching costs across all age and gender groups regardless of prior experiences and education level. In addition to presenting strong empirical data that support the Cognitive Load Theory, it also provides a reliable multitasking paradigm for further studies in cognitive science, developmental psychology, and neuroscience.  
TREATY OF LAUSANNE: THE TOOL OF MINORITY PROTECTION FOR THE CHAM ALBANIANS OF GREECE
Get PDFCham Albanians, a predominantly Muslim sub-group of Albanians who originally reside in the coastal region of Southern Epirus in Greece’s border region with Albania, had been expelled from Greece twice.As the majority of Cham Albanians were Muslim, they were treated with the same contempt as ethnic Turks living in Greece. According to official data, 3.000 of them were transferred to Turkey as part of the Greek-Turkish population exchange according to the Convention Concerning the Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations signed at Lausanne on 30 January 1923. Articles 37 to 44 of the Lausanne Peace Treaty attribute substantive rights for exempted Muslims in Greece and non-Muslims in Turkey from the Greek-Turkish population exchange and 17,008 of them wereexempted from the exchange. In this paper, legal status of Muslim Cham Albanians of Greece that were exchanged with Orthodox minority that lived in Turkey after World War I and exiled from Greece after World War II, will be analyzed. This paper aims to emphasize thatMuslim Cham Albanians of Greeceare already recipients of special rights as a subject of law, according to the Treaty of Lausanne (1923) that guarantees the rights of the Muslim minority in Greece. We find very important to analyze Cham Question in the context of the Treaty of Lausanne while Greek government insists that the minority is not “Turkish” but “Muslim” to justify banning associations that include the word “Turk”. 
ASSESSMENT IN LITERACY IN EARLY CHILDHOOD: THE ROLE OF PARENTS IN THE OBIO-AKPOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA IN NIGERIA
Get PDFThis study sought to find out the roles parents play in assessment in literacy of their children in the Obio-Akpor Local Government Area in Nigeria. The design that was used for the study was the descriptive survey. Using the simple random sampling procedure, 12public pre-schools in the Universal Basic Education in Obio-Akpor Local Government Areawere selected for study. Data gathered from parents and teachers with using questionnaire, analysed using the descriptive statistics namely frequencies and percentages. The major findings were that, having reading sessions with children at home; engaging in shared reading with children and providing varieties of reading materials to children were some of the roles parents played in assessment in literacy of their children. Again, development of vocabulary and print awareness; and development of reading comprehension and decoding abilities were the major impact of parental involvement in assessment in literacy in early childhood. The study recommended that, parents should engage in reading activities such as reading aloud to children at home and share reading with their children at home to enhance their literacy development. Again, parents and teachers should develop positive and mutual communication and support to help assess the literacy development of children both in school and at home. 
HOW VIETNAMESE UNDERSTANDS ABOUT DECENTRALIZATION: AN Q- METHODOLOGY STUDY
Get PDFNowadays, more and more countries move away from centralized governments institutions. Decentralized government institutions are doing more work of government both in developed and developing countries than ever before. The literature on decentralization are vast, but there is little agreement about what decentralization means. There are not many research about the conceptualization of the decentralization in Vietnam. Official decentralization in Vietnam began with Doimoi (economic innovation) in 1986 and rapidly accelerated in late 1990. How the citizens understand the decentralization to develop their power to construct a nation. The aim of this study is finding out what Vietnamese citizens comprehend about decentralization, especially the intellectual class because of the critical role of this class in society. This study's participants were a sample of 17 people from intellectual class who had education level at least bachelors' degree in Ho Chi Minh City – the largest, the developed city in South of Vietnam. Q- methodology, which was introduced by William Stephenson in 1935, was used for data collection and analysis. Four distinct viewpoints about decentralization were identified: (1) democratization, (2) Public-private transfer, (3) Theoretic Stereotype and (4) A comprehensive view. This study also finds out that maybe Vietnamese are emphatically agreed that decentralization is the transfer of authority and general definition and administrative decentralization are paid attention. 
EDUCATION AND EMPOWERMENT: EDUCATING GIRLS ON DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
Get PDFGrowing up in the families where domestic violence exists, young girls after a while conceive violence as normal and accept it when they become the victims. If there is not much to save the mothers from abuse then there should be something to be done to save young girls from violence. Being aware of what domestic violence is and how they can protect themselves and even how they can react when they experience violence, can save the lives of many young girls. These girls’ empowerment against violence can be a sign for empowerment for their abused mothers and sisters as well. The main goal of this study is to train high school girls aged between 15-18 about domestic violence and to equip them with knowledge about their rights in the fields of law, health and social life. In this quasi-experimental study, the participants were given a pre-test before the 10 sessions of training and the same test was given as a post-test after the trainings. Apart from that, the study employs focus group interviews with a selected group of participants where the idea was to collect more insights from some of the participants about violence. Results show that these girls have significantly changed their attitudes or beliefs towards violence. According to the results of the focus group interviews, it is evident that there is a growing awareness of and decreasing tolerance towards domestic violence by the participants
WHEN HAMLET VISITED INDIA: A STUDY ON THE INDIAN PERSPECTIVE OF ADAPTING HAMLET
Get PDFThrough this article, we will explore what happens when we put William Shakespeare’s Hamlet into the Indian perspective. The play is no longer only about themes such as revenge and insanity. The recent Indian adaptations try to address contemporary socio-economic problems more importantly. Now the question that arises is the fact that why is both Hamlet the character as well as Hamlet the play still relevant in the society. The solution is simple the themes which Shakespeare has used continues to keep it in the hunt for being a readymade solution to being successful from the adaptor’s point of view. Then, there are a few more adaptations that are interesting beyond being an adaptation of the play itself. There are adaptations that look forward to present Hamlet as a next-door character. Then there are others where the focus is on Hamlet himself and the character has been dissected to various forms and shape. Like in Hamletmachine: The Images of Shakespeare in Us (2008), Hamlet has gone through a geographical shift and tries to solve issues in the contemporary Indian setting but fails miserably to relate to them. Then there are other areas where Shakespeare’s play has not been directly adapted but the adaptation has been done from another adaptation making the play even more interesting. Most of the adaptations though are done keeping in mind the middle class audience and the story has been modified in relation to the expectation of the audience. Therefore, Hamlet does not belong to the regal family in the recent adaptations like Haider (2014) and Kashmakash (2016). He is a common man like us addressing issues which are very contemporary and global as well while themes like revenge and insanity has been viewed from a different perspective providing the play with a completely new dimension in the modern day setting
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON PRIVATE AND PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS’ PRINCIPAL LEADERSHIP AND ITS IMPACT TO THE STUDENTS ACHIEVEMENT IN MATHEMATICS, SCIENCE AND ENGLISH SUBJECTS
Get PDFThe study aims to understand the relationship between the principal’s leadership style of both public and private high school institutions and student's performance in Math, Science and English. Support was found in a Theoretical model: Principal leadership effects on student's learning growth in Mathematics (Dumay, Boonen, and Dame, 2013) which reinforces the relationship between principal leadership and student achievement.For this study, the researchers aim to focus on three hypotheses: identification of the difference between the teacher's perception of the principal leadership style between private and public high school; the effects of such leadership styles and variables to the student achievement in each of the three general subjects (Mathematics, English, and Science); the effects of the dominant characteristics to the student achievements in general. Fifty-three teachers, both from private and public institutions, were administered the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire 5X-Short form (MLQ 5X-Short). This measured all nine leadership characteristics and identified which type of leadership was dominantly displayed by their principal, for each school type. The study also examined the self-assessment of the principals for each school type and compared it to the perceptions of the teachers towards their leadership styles.Most findings were consistent with existing literature. In addition, this study also identified several areas of further study. 
PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP FOR PROTRACTED REFUGEES FROM MYANMAR
Get PDFSome 100,000 people from Myanmar have been living in 9 refugee camps along the Thailand-Myanmar borderland which have been established for over 33 years. Media outlets report and portray multiple images and tales of implications and suffering from human insecurity in camp confinement for successive periods which has become one of the longest protracted refugee situations. There are three desirable durable solutions facilitated by UNHCR which are voluntary repatriation, resettlement and sustainable local integration which are now almost exhaustive. The continuation of open-ended confinement and limit their basic human rights have become wicked humanitarian challenges as if they were the forgotten people in confinement. This research concludes to broaden the role of other humanitarian actors, in particular, private sectors in the form of private partnership along the line with the concept of the UN Global Compact Policy; recommendation by world leaders in the World Economic Forum in Davos; UNHCR Policy of Partnership with private sectors and the Policy of Call to Action for private sectors for refugee crises by President Obama Administration. The concept of private partnership should be applied as a contemporary solution for protracted refugees from Myanmar which is, in turn, contribute to the economic growth in Thailand. This private partnership initiative may be considered as a pocket of hope and opportunities in the best interest of all stakeholders, in particular, the protracted refugees. 
AN INTERPRETATIVE PHENOMENOLOGICAL ANALYSIS ON THE CONCEPT OF FAMILY AMONG ABANDONED YOUNG ADULTS WITH PHYSICAL DISABILITY
Get PDFMost people who live with physical disability belong to the poorest and marginalized. In familial context, being a young adult with physical disability sets extra demand towards the family because it causes exhaustion due to the additional care, attention and maintenance for medication. As a response to this, families seek the help of institutions with the belief that the individual with physical disability could get necessary help through them. It was due to those that the possibility of abandonment increases. The study utilized interpretative phenomenological analysis to explore the concept of family among abandoned young adults with physical disability as a response to the aforementioned issues. Derived from these were the objectives of this study:[1] To know their view towards each member of the family and [2] to know how the abandonment affected their concept of family. Participants include 3 abandoned young adults with apparent physical disabilities (e.g. cerebral palsy, kyphosis and hip dysplasia) which are all from the province of Cavite, Philippines. Interview and drawing were the methods used to elicit responses. Results show that before abandonment, 1 superordinate theme emerged: primary family as an attachment unit; and for after abandonment, another superordinate theme emerged: Alternate family as a unit of healing and recovery. These were supported by local and international research and theories regarding topics that tackle the importance of the alternate family and the faith and values accumulated as ways to reconstruct the self, as well as the young adults’ aspirations to be reunited with their family amidst abandonment