Publication Management System
Not a member yet
3916 research outputs found
Sort by
The Current State of Transnational Organized Crime
Get PDFThe paper indicates that criminal groups may differ in terms of size, the scope of operations, types of activities, territorial range, relations with authorities and management, internal organization, and the set of means and methods used to promote their criminal activities and to guard against measures taken by the Government and law enforcement bodies. When national, historical, and cultural differences are taken into account, the diversity of criminal organizations becomes even more evident, while prevention and suppression pose even greater challenges for law enforcement agencies, especially in countries where these organizations are active in their illegal activities. The study is aimed at analyzing national-level legislative measures that may be efficient about one type of organized criminal group, but may not be appropriate for other types. To solve the problems formulated, a complex methodology will be required, combining empirical studies of specific facts and a fundamental theoretical understanding of the conceptual foundations of the problem posed. The results of the analysis made it possible to theoretically substantiate the increased social danger of transnational organized criminal groups, which entails the adoption of appropriate legislative measures. Identifying the latency level of transnational crimes will make it possible to assess the efficiency of the existing sets of measures against it, as well as to formulate recommendations on improving the system of legislative measures to prevent the activities of transnational criminal organizations. A gap in the study can be attributed to the insufficient amount of statistical information on the analyzed crime. The novelty of the research lies in the comprehensive analysis of the current state of transnational organized crime
Kazan Philistines of the First Half of the XIX Century: Children and Childhood in Everyday Life
Get PDFThe article considers one of the issues of the history of everyday life and family history related to the study of childhood as a stage of life. The study is focused on the philistinism of the city of Kazan in the first half of the XIX century, being the most numerous layer of citizens. The analysis of archival documents allowed us studying such aspects of the daily history of philistinism as the age limits of childhood, attitudes toward children in philistine families, mass behavior and individual decisions, as well as the emotional side of relations between adults and children. The study of the issue allowed us coming to the conclusion that the social status of children, their attitude to childhood and children among the Kazan philistinism largely retain the features inherent in a traditional pre-industrial society. In everyday practices, childhood was not yet perceived as a separately recognized and designated life stage, which was reflected in the philistine's value system. Philistines often got rid of illegitimate children in many ways, sought to include the child early in the solution of issues of maintaining themselves and the family, as well as removed them from the family by giving them for apprenticeship or working with strangers. However, the predominance of a rational attitude towards childhood did not exclude a positive emotional color in relation to childre
Practical Experience in Forming Accounting Policies in Accordance with IPSAS by the Russian Universities
Get PDFThis article studies a relatively recent phenomenon for Russian budget accounting - the formation of accounting policies by the Russian educational institutions in accordance with the International Public Sector Accounting Standards. The purpose of the research is to identify the problematic issues that arise during the formation of accounting policies by the Russian universities and to find ways to solve them. Using such methods as analysis and synthesis, comparison, logical and systemic approaches, the author has identified the main problems that arise in the Russian universities when preparing the accounting policies in accordance with International Public Sector Accounting Standards, and suggested ways to solve them. As a result of the research, the article compares the practice of preparing the accounting policies of four Russian universities in order to present the financial statements in accordance with the International Public Sector Accounting Standards, identifies the common problematic issues and suggests ways to solve them. The article draws a conclusion about the similarity of approaches to the formation of accounting policies according to International Public Sector Accounting Standards practice in the Russian universities. The article substantiates the analogy of many problematic issues that arise in this formation, and the identity of ways to solve them
Motivation Factors for Political Consciousness Formation in the Modern World
Get PDFThe article deals with the problem of political consciousness formation in the global conditions of heterogeneous political structures, which generate a wide range of needs and interests of groups and individuals. The purpose of our study is to identify the motivational structure of the subject's consciousness formation in political structures of different types. Conceptual description of the motivational structure in socio-political systems requires complex application of various research methods. The authors utilize such methods as structural and functional analysis of the informational and social environment, the phenomenological analysis of the role of communicative practices in the public sphere driving the attitudes of mass consciousness in the process of political power legitimation. Empirical methods include public opinion polls. Following the typology of forms of political consciousness, it is possible to single out and to systematize objective system factors of the living environment and subject-oriented factors of consciousness manipulation in public policy. Remarkably, real social systems are characterized by the complex synthesis of elements from different types of political consciousness. The process of recognizing the legitimacy of power by an individual is defined by opposite motivational vectors of freedom and necessity and runs on the base of rational and emotional perception of the political situation. The unity of the diverse forms of political consciousness organization in the global society is based on the axiological consensus between cultures, between society and human, between state and person. These relations conceptually manifest in symbols that motivate individual and group consciousness to trust in power
Coercion, Violation of Privacy and Everyday Difficulties as the Cause of Patient Refusal Treatment in Psychiatric Hospitals in Russia
Get PDFTreatment in a psychiatric hospital is accompanied by a restriction of independence, violation of privacy, coercion, which causes displeasure of patients. The aim of the study was to verify the scale of everyday problems, violations of privacy and coercion in a psychiatric hospital to develop recommendations for the organization of a therapeutic environment. The study included 191 patients in a psychiatric hospital. Anonymous questionnaire was used. Statistical processing of the database was carried out by nonparametric methods. The majority of patients (67%) estimated the conditions of stay in a psychiatric hospital at 7-10 points (10-point scale), but half of them complained about the need for self-purchase of drugs. A full night's sleep was disturbed by the snoring of others (56.5%), an uncomfortable bed (36.6%), bright light (26.2%). The poor diet was indicated by 45.5% of patients. Patients indicated coercion by medical staff: retention (11.5%), forced administration of drugs (12%), coercion to consent to treatment (22%), refusal to discharge from hospital (35.1%). It was reported that there was a violation of privacy in the toilet (36.6%), difficulties to observe the intimate hygiene (16.8%). These problems caused patients to refuse inpatient treatment if there was the possibility of outpatient treatment (65.2% of men and 52.6% of women). Despite the low level of claims of patients to living conditions, it is important to respect their rights in psychiatric hospitals to privacy, creating a comfortable living space, the organization of differentiated methods of observation by medical staff
Innovation as a Factor in Sustainable Development of Russia’s Agriculture
Get PDFSustainable agriculture is an integral aspect of the sustainable development of a socio-economic system. In this regard, innovation is considered to be one of the leading factors ensuring the development of sustainable agricultural since it increases the efficiency and competitiveness of the industry in the domestic and foreign markets. This study presents a system of recursive equations characterizing the innovations occurring within agricultural organizations in the regions of the Russian Federation. Additionally, the study assesses the sustainability of agricultural development in Russia by calculating the integrated index of five components: economic, innovative, social, ecological, and institutional. Also, the authors built a regression model that estimates the influence of innovation on the sustainability of agricultural development in Russia
Model of Self-Identification of Youth in the Global Communication Environment
Get PDFIdentity is the result of an identification process. The essence of the identification process is expressed in the acceptance of a certain social role by an individual in the process of entering a social group. The psychological meaning of the phenomenon of “identity” reflects the inner identity and integrity of an individual. This phenomenon can affect both an individual and a group. The novelty of the research is determined by the fact that important factors in the process of identity development are specific events in the past and present, periods of crisis and changes in the history of society. It is shown that the main psychological mechanism for the development of identity is identification associated with the interaction between an individual and a social group. The development of personality identity includes a number of types of identity and continues during ontogenesis, is a dynamic and uneven process. The authors show that the concept of national identity within the framework of various fields of psychological science can relate to a group and a person. The practical significance of the study is determined by the fact that in the study the authors understand national identity as the cognitive and emotional awareness of a person of his own belonging to a particular nation, which has its own characteristics. Student (late adolescence) age is decisive in the formation of a person's identity and sensitive for the development of his national identity. The psychological mechanism for the development of a person's national identity at this age is national identification. An insufficient study of the development of the national identity of student youth has been established
Frame "Social Activities to Achieve the Goal": Formation and Specifics of Its Representation at Language Level
Get PDFThe proposed article is devoted to describing the specifics of the frame formation "social activity to achieve the goal" represented by the verbal tokens (achieve, accomplish, attain, gain, succeed in, obtain, manage, strive, etc.) with the corresponding meaning and revealing the dependence of the modification of their meaning on the intrasystem and extra system restructuring of the proper frame
Education Development in Terms of Digitalization
Get PDFThe formation of a knowledge society and the digital stage of development of modern civilization culture still remains a continuing process, which itself is experiencing serious internal contradictions and problems. The article discusses the analysis results of digital literacy development among Russians, as one of the most essential areas of the emerging digital economy. The study of statistical and analytical material made it possible to draw the conclusion about the insufficient current level of digital economy competencies in Russia, the need to educate Internet users in information selection, instilling the need for self-development, self-education, developing the skills in useful information selection, and wider introduction of distance technologies in education. In this work, we used the abstract logical general scientific method of cognition and the method of empirical generalization. This approach to the study of the digital economy development allows us to identify the main factors of this process intensification
Law Enforcement as Discretion and Legal Process
Get PDFCoercive authority is central to the law inforcement, and the discretionary use of police authority is a decision-making process, as officers evaluate the situations in which they intervene and choose a course of action from among a set of alternatives. This article investigates the analytical and synthesis aspects of a wide range of sources, considering law enforcement from a dual perspective: as legal discretion and as a kind of legal process. This research applied the classical methodology of qualitative analysis of systems and processes, in particular, a system-analytical approach to the study of research objects. In conclusion, the role of law enforcement in the modern state-legal reality and the place of mandatory features of the legal process in the law enforcement structure is presented. Based on the study, it can be stated that The role of the procedural form is primarily that following its requirements will guarantee the objectivity and efficiency of law enforcement