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Assessing the Impact of Transportation Infrastructure on Rural Residents' Income: Using the Quantile Regression Approach
Get PDFThe impact of transportation infrastructure on farmers’ income has been the focus of attention by government managers and related scholars in recent years. Based on the panel data from 2000 to 2018, this paper uses the quantile regression model to explore the effect of highway and railway transportation infrastructures on wage income and operating income. The findings show that the highway transportation infrastructure makes a minimal contribution to the wage income in Shanghai, Beijing and Zhejiang provinces, because the highway mileage and highway passenger turnover in these provinces are small. However, the operating income in the upper 90th quantile provinces such as Jilin, Heilongjiang, and Zhejiang, receives the biggest impact from the highway transportation infrastructure, because the construction of rural roads in these provinces is growing faster. The impact of railway transportation infrastructure on the wage income in the 10th-25th, 25th-50th and 50th-75th quantile provinces is small, since their railway passenger turnover is less. The railway transportation infrastructure has not played a role in boosting the operating income in these provinces such as Guizhou, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shanxi, Qinghai, and Ningxia. Therefore, each quantile province should formulate specific policies to promote the construction of transportation infrastructure
Parenting Styles and Peer Influence as Correlates of Expressive Language Skills among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Get PDFIntroduction: It is more difficult for children with limited communication to understand the intentions of others and to communicate their own needs, feelings, and ideas because of their impaired expressive language skills.
Objectives: This study investigated parenting styles and the peer-influence as correlates of expressive language skills in children with autism spectrum disorders.
Methods: Convenient sampling was used to select 30 (male = 22; female = 8; age range 6 – 14 years old) children with an autism spectrum disorder. The instruments used for data collection were tagged Parenting Style Questionnaire, Peer Influence Questionnaire, and Expressive Language Skills Scale. The internal consistency of the Parenting Style Questionnaire, Peer Influence Questionnaire, and Expressive Language Skills Scale were Cronbach's > 0.70, 0.64, and 0.63, respectively. The scale suitability for participants was determined, and it yielded a Cronbach's α of 0.79.
Results: The findings revealed that the different parenting styles, such as authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful, had a positive relationship with expressive language skills of children with autism spectrum disorder, but the relation was not significant. Moreover, peer influence positively correlated with respondents’ language skills, but it was not significant.
Conclusions: Based on the findings, it can be conclusively stated that regardless of parenting styles used, there was a positive relationship between respondents’ language skills, but the relationship was not significant. Therefore, further studies must be conducted to determine factors that are likely to contribute significantly to the language skills of children with an autism spectrum disorder
Problems of Democratic and Dignified Election in Indonesian Simultaneously Electoral Era
Get PDFThis research was motivated by the section material in Act No. 7 of 2017 concerning General Election that not arranged in a structured, systematic and massive, so it appears the section material that overlaps with Constitutional Court and the Constitution of 1945. The purpose of this study is to analyze the problems of simultaneous elections in 2019 in order to bring democracy with dignity and integrity in the next election. The research type is a literature study. This research uses laws and conceptual approach. The main data of this study is obtained from primary and secondary law materials. The result showed that the problems in the section material of Electoral Lawimplicate to the practice, namely the chaos in updating of the voter list led to manipulation fraudulent of the voters list,10,520 polling stations had a shortage of election supplies, ballot boxes Voting Organizing Group received thatnot sealed as many as 6,474 polling stations, ballot papers that exchanged between Electoral District as many 3,411 Voting place and 527 Voting Organizing Group officer died and 11 239 sick
Magnitudes of Immunization Dropout Rate and Predictors for 12-23 Months Aged Children in Abobo District Southwest Ethiopia
No full textVaccination is the epicenter of preventive care for good children's health outcomes in each nation. Nevertheless, a number of factors have been hindering the attainment of targets from providing complete vaccination in different nations. This study aims to assess predictors of immunizations in 12-23 months aged children in Abobo District, Gambela regions southwest Ethiopia.
Method: A community-based cross-sectional study was employed in 436 pairs of mothers to children aged 12–23 months from 12 marches---27 April 2019. The study participant was recruited by multistage-sampling were used for each kebele. Data were entered into Epi-Data version 3.1 after cleaning and coded, exported to STATA/SE-14/R logistic regression analysis. Variables with P-value <0.25 in bivariate logistic regression were transported into multivariable logistic regression. A variable with 95%CI in AOR was used as claim predictors for the dropout rate.
Results: The overall dropout rate of immunization from completion was found 25.8% (95%CI: 21.5--30.2). Factors like mothers did not attend ANC (AOR= 4.59, 95% CI: 2.58, 7.84), being home delivery (AOR=6.46, 95% CI: (3.5--- 11.4), postponed last immunization scheduled (AOR=3.44, 95% CI: 1.98---5.97), children ill during measles vaccine (AOR=1.83, 95% CI: (1.02---3.28), Mothers refused ≥30 minutes for vaccine service waiting (AOR=3.58, 95% CI: (1.99, 6.44) were significantly associated with immunization dropout out.
Conclusion: The immunization dropout rate was unacceptable and higher compared to WHO reference (<10%). Home delivery postponed measles vaccine, child illness, ANC status Service refusal ≥30 minutes waiting for the vaccine were independently associated with dropout
Difficulties and Challenges in an Employment Supervision Program for Paroled Prisoners
Get PDFThe integration of paroled prisoners in employment is presented in the theoretical and research-based literature as one of the principal means of achieving successful re-entry by the prisoners into the community. The literature deals extensively with the correlation between integration and perseverance in employment and risk indices, the most pronounced of which is a return to crime. According to the Theory of Desistance from Crime, it is not enough for criminal activity to cease; a complex process must set in motion to bring about a change in perceptions and behaviour in all walks of life, especially regarding employment. A key program being implemented by Israel's Prisoner Rehabilitation Authority is one involving an employment guidance and supervision program for paroled prisoners. The program emphasizes employment in all its facets – placement, support during the period of employment and supervision during parole – alongside psychological treatment and rehabilitation in the community. Operating the program are employment supervisors and psychotherapists. In order to understand how the program is managed and perceived by its operators, in-depth interviews were conducted with seven psychotherapists and employment counsellors in the framework of the present qualitative-interpretive research. The article describes the perceptions of the personnel responsible for running the program during the period 2018-2020. The findings of the research highlight the difficulties and limitations the prisoners face, harmony and dissonance in the encounter between supervisors and psychotherapists, the dilemma over protection of society vs. assistance to the prisoners, employment characteristics as indicative of the rehabilitation process, and the merits of the program. The article also discusses the contribution of employment supervision to successful reintegration of paroled prisoners in normative employment and society
“The Kindness of Strangers:” The Influence of Social Media on the Construction of Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another
Get PDFFactitious Disorder Imposed on Another (FDIA), termed a psychiatric “Factitious disorder by proxy”, compels individuals to solicit unnecessary medical interventions or commit medical abuses on another, almost always a child in their care. A recent phenomenon is that of individuals with FDIA using social media such as blogs and online support groups to perpetuate such abuse, while garnering sympathy from others who access these sites.
Through an examination of several recent high profile FDIA by Internet cases and using the concept of “neo-tribes’ to identify the virtual communities of interest that form around these cases, new dimensions of FDIA appear. Fabrication of medical and social histories is facilitated and consolidated in the virtual sphere and readily enhanced through imagery and careful documentation. Betrayed communities experience exploitation and fraud. However, child neglect and child endangerment remain of concern, and identifying and investigating such claims across physical jurisdictions remain significant challenges for law enforcement
Personnel Policy Conceptualization in the Context of the Scientific Research Development in the Sphere of Criminal Law
Get PDFthe current stage of criminal law development is characterized by changing requirements for the personnel skills due to their increasing significance in jurisprudence as a unified system. Therefore, there is a necessity for high-quality and relevant scientific research on personnel management in the area of criminal law. The purpose of the present work is to monitor and objectively assess the features of scientific research on personnel policy that contribute to the development of criminal law as a subject area in Russia. The authors apply the content analysis to study 343 research bulletins of the “Main Results of Scientific Research” from 2006 to 2018 focusing on the structure, design, scientific results, thematic area, relevance and methodology, which reveal the problems of transformation and development of the personnel policy concepts in criminal law. According to the interpretation method, it is substantiated that the scientific priority of research corresponds to the modern trends in the development of the personnel management system in the Russian jurisprudence. In addition, it is characterized by structural and methodological defectiveness, which leads to a decrease in the scientific character of the research’s results obtained. Consequently, their implementation in penitentiary institutions is impossible. It is proved that the implementation of common requirements for the methodology of scientific research on personnel policy based on creativity, validity, science and unambiguity improves the efficiency of scientific research and forms the basis for new scientific developments. The obtained results are of an applied nature and can be useful for the development of the general requirements for scientific publications in research bulletins of the “Main Results of Scientific Research, and also in other scientific research publications on personnel management in criminal law
Three Major Interrelated Factors Contributing to Homelessness Issue among Former Prisoners in Malaysia
Get PDFHomelessness issue among former prisoners in Malaysia upon their release is of great concern. Hence, this study aimed to identify the predominant factors influencing homelessness issue among former prisoners in Malaysia. Imprisonment is usually assumed to be a negative life event and can act as a hindrance for the former prisoner to successfully integrate after being freed from prison. Imprisonment and past criminal records are the biggest contributors to becoming homeless. This is a fact because imprisonment causes the former prisoners to lose his source of income, personal belongings, ability to seek shelter and personal relationships due to family rejection, addiction and unemployment. This study was based on the Ecological Model of Homeless by Nooe and Patterson. The selection of this model was considered appropriate and aligned with the objectives of the study which aimed to identify the factors that lead to the life of the homeless among former prisoners. In this study, nineteen former prisoners, regardless of the type of offence committed, were selected using the snowball sampling method and were interviewed. The findings revealed that family denial, unemployment, and drug addiction were the three major interrelated factors that contribute to the homelessness issue among the former prisoners during their reintegration process. Housing security is a risk factor of homelessness
Semantic Web Application and Framework Development in South African Higher Education Institutions
Get PDFThe evolution of the Semantic Web (SW) and its application marked a turning point in how students could benefit from a range of educational web tools and applications enabled by the SW, also referred to as Web 3.0 technology for academic purposes to meet their demands. This shift afforded students the opportunity to obtain meaningful information, collaboration and data filtering to suit their needs. It also offers freedom in how and where they choose to learn. SW tools and applications are progressively being used at several universities worldwide. However, educators’ ability to integrate the use of these tools and applications in teaching and learning appears to be a major problem in almost every development plan of education and educational reform efforts. Moreover, very few educators integrate web tools to their full potential in teaching. This paper probed the integration and use of SW tools and applications in higher education institutions (HEIs), and developed a framework for its adoption in academic processes. The objectives aimed to establish the credible features and benefits of SW tools and applications in HEIs, and how the integration supports students’ academic goals. It is anticipated to improve learning interaction and collaboration, and build a social presence and cohesion among students. The paper employed a systematic literature review, and information and communication technology theory of adoption. The developed framework ultimately suggests that SW tools and applications are beneficial and useful in positively impacting the pedagogical setting. Findings revealed that certain challenges with human factors (technophobia, beliefs), infrastructure, security concerns, ethical and legal issues were identified as a hindrance to be considered during integration. Despite the challenges, these tools and applications provide variety and a new wave of teaching and learning in South African HEIs, which is crucial for meeting the demand of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) era
Forecast Model of Prices for Liquefied Natural Gas in the World Asian Energy Market
Get PDFThe relevance of the study lies in the fact that concerning the strategic objectives of Russia to take a share of the growing world market of liquefied natural gas, it is advisable to assess the impact of factors affecting the development of the global liquefied natural gas market. This article provides a comparative analysis of exports and imports in the global LNG market by region, identifies potential trends in the development of global LNG trade over the past 50 years, it makes a price forecast for liquefied natural gas (LNG) for the Asia-Pacific region (APR) based on a correlation and regression analysis of the dependence of LNG prices on changes in factors such as world oil prices, global demand for LNG, exchange rates and growth rates of the Asia-Pacific economies