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Changing Entrepreneurial Leadership Knowledge Competency in Higher Education: A Way to Move Forward
Get PDFUniversity Leaders should have the entrepreneurial capacity to strengthen the Malaysia higher education sector. The role of higher education in economically improving Malaysia is undeniable. One of the functions of higher education is to build graduate entrepreneurs capable of creating jobs. Therefore, those talents should be led by leaders who have an entrepreneurial mindset. Unfortunately, less effective informal entrepreneurship education that relates to entrepreneurial leadership has been executed to inculcate the knowledge and skills of entrepreneurial leadership. Hence previous research that indicated the effective entrepreneurial leadership training which regards to entrepreneurship body of knowledge is scarce. Therefore, this study will also disclose the findings that relate to effective entrepreneurial leadership training that can change the knowledge of university leaders and fill in the gaps in the entrepreneurship body of knowledge. This study employs a Quantitative method that utilizes the Kirkpatrick Training Effectiveness Analysis Model. The descriptive and mean score analysis is used to indicate the changes in entrepreneurial leadership knowledge. It is found that the awareness of entrepreneurial leadership has increased, and they believe that entrepreneurship skills and behaviors can be carried out accordingly. Future research should enhance this study by utilizing Kirkpatrick Training Effectiveness Analysis Level Three
Synthesis and Computational Investigations of Ruthenium(II) Complexes Containing Hydrazine Schiff Base Ligands
Get PDFThree new heteroleptic ruthenium(II) complexes containing hydrazine schiff base as ligands were synthesized and characterized by using elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H, 13C NMR, and mass spectroscopic techniques. FT-IR study showed that the substituted phenylhydrazine ligands behave as a monoanionic bidentate O and N donors (L) coordinate to ruthenium via the deprotonated phenolic oxygen and the azomethine nitrogen. They possess excellent thermal stabilities, evident from the thermal decomposition temperatures. Absorption, emission and electrochemical measurements were carried out and the structures of the synthesized complex were optimized using density functional theory (DFT). The molecular geometry, the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energies, Mulliken atomic charges and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) of the molecules are determined using B3LYP method and standard 6-311++G (d, p) basis set
Understanding Intellectual Disability Inclusion in Nigeria's Public Administration: Challenges, Diagnosis, and Treatment
No full textThis study analyzes the intrinsic causes of disabled persons' marginalization from elite circles in Nigerian public administration organizations. Its foci among other things are to proffer measures for Nigeria's context of disabled persons' advancement into public bureaucracies' assembly of decision-makers, promote their topmost belongingness in public policy governance, offer ways to sustain disability-friendly public personnel promotion stratagem, propose means to realize public sector-friendly disability inclusivity. Political culture theory is espoused as the theoretical framework. The study parallels the qualitative methodology of a phenomenological inclination. Perceptions, views, and notions on how to promote disability-friendly policies, across all Nigerian public ministries, departments, and agencies (MDGs), toward facilitating upward mobility of disabled public administrators into directorate positions in the public services, derived from questionnaires, interviews, and correlated document analysis constituted data for the study. Content analysis approach guided by heuristic re-constructionism epistemology was adopted for analyzing data. Data from questionnaires were presented in quantitative content analysis. The study finds that there persist low political will towards domestication and implementation of globally agreed affirmative statutes for sustainable advancement of the education, talents, employment, promotion, and generally inclusion of disabled persons, particularly into the elite circle of Nigerian public bureaucracies. The finding mentioned above highlights the immanent variables that constitute major obstacles to the disabled public personnel belongingness as elite public administrators in determining the outputs and outcomes of public administration in Nigeria. It recommends, amongst others, prioritization of disabled persons' inclusion into the top staff echelon of public administration's MDGs across all the Nigerian tiers
Stress, Resilience, and Satisfaction in Families of Children with Disabilities
No full textBackground: A child’s disability can have significant consequences for the family, especially at an emotional level and in day-to-day life. Families must adapt to ever-changing circumstances, frequently leading to stress within the family. Each family member must attempt to cope with these circumstances, drawing on cognitive and behavioral resources to deal with new situations.
Objectives: This work aims to study stress, resilience, and satisfaction within the families of children with and without disabilities. It also analyzed these aspects depending on the type of disability (intellectual, physical, autism spectrum disorder, and multiple disabilities).
Methods: The sample consisted of 299 families, of whom 178 had a child with a disability and 121 without any disability. The study used the Parenting Stress Index – Short Form (PSI-FS) and the Saavedra-Villalta Resilience Scale (SV-RES). Satisfaction was measured using two items evaluating family satisfaction in general and the perceived satisfaction of the child in particular.
Results: The results show that families having a child with a disability reported higher levels of resilience but lower levels of stress and family satisfaction. Moreover, differences were observed depending on the type of disability, with those affected by intellectual disability showing higher levels of stress and lower levels of resilience.
Conclusion: The study results show the importance of resilience in dealing with adverse situations that may produce stress. This is an important aspect that must be considered in work and interventions with families of children with disabilities
Factors Relating to the Expectations and Perceptions of Post-Stroke Outpatients’ in the Rehabilitation Services of Bangladesh
Get PDFPurpose: For enhancing patients’ participation, this study aims to identify the patient-related factors that relate to the expectations and perceptions of post-stroke outpatients’ in the rehabilitation services of Bangladesh.
Methods: A questionnaire survey was administered to 342 outpatients from the stroke rehabilitation department. Descriptive statistical analysis was applied to measure patients’ perceptions and expectations. Eta statistic from ANOVA was applied to examine the relationship between patient-related factors and the patients’ expectations and perceptions of the rehabilitation services.
Findings: Patients’ expectations rated higher than the perceptions in all the dimensions of rehabilitation services. Factors such as; (i) patients' education (0.222, p=0.005) and post-stroke disability (0.447, p<0.001) indicated a significant relationship with patients' expectations. (ii) Patients' education (0.210, p=0.010), occupation (0.226, p=0.003), family status (0.180, p=0.048) and daily activities before the stroke (0.169, p=0.044), post-stroke disability (0.195, p=0.004) and distance from home to the hospital (0.190, p=0.006) indicated a significant relationship with their perceptions in the rehabilitation services.
Conclusion: The findings of this study concluded that the rehabilitation manager needs to work on these factors and recommended developing a continuing education program to minimize these factors of poor perceptions in the rehabilitation services
Mental Health and Parental Factors among Adolescents during the COVID Pandemic in Malaysia
No full textPurpose: The study aims to determine the prevalence of mental health problems among early adolescents and their associations with parental relationships.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 535 adolescents aged 13 to 14 on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia using online surveys from February 2021 to April 202. Mental health status was assessed using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale- 21 (DASS-21), and parental or guardian supervision, connectedness, bonding, respect for privacy, physical activity, and risk behaviours were asked using the Malaysian Global School-based Student's Health Survey. Multiple logistic regression analysis was done to examine the associations of the variables.
Results: The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress were 28.2%, 38.1% and 18.5%, respectively. Adolescent with low parental/guardian connectedness and bonding were associated with depression (AOR = 3.82, 95% CI =1.80 – 8.08), anxiety (AOR 2.17,95% CI = 1.34 – 3.50) and stress (AOR 2.29, 95% CI = 1.13 – 4.65). Low parental supervision (AOR = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.19 – 4.54), low academic performance (AOR = 3.57, 95% CI = 1.10 – 11.62), stress (AOR = 8.56, 95% CI = 4.38 – 16.70) and anxiety AOR = 7.83, 95% CI = 4.48 – 13.70) were predictors for depression. Adolescent who had divorced or separated parents/guardians (AOR = 3.57, 95%CI = 1.10 – 11.62) and married parents/guardian but living apart due to working (AOR = 3.57, 95% CI = 1.10 – 11.62) were higher risk for stress.
Conclusions: Depression and anxiety were prevalent among adolescents in Malaysia. Poor relationship with parents or guardians was a significant factor for mental health problems among adolescents during the COVID pandemic
The Effect of Gestational Weight Gain on Low Birth Weight, Case-Control Study in Northeast Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia, 2019
No full textBackground: Intrauterine growth and development are one of the most vulnerable periods in the human life cycle that contribute to appropriate fetal development. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of gestational weight on low birth weight (LBW).
Methods: A case-control study was conducted from June 30, 2018, to January 1, 2019, in seven governmental hospitals in the northeast Amhara region on 451 participants(150 cases and 301 controls).
Results: Inadequate gestational weight gain increases the risk of LBW by four times (AOR: 4.2, 95% CI: 2.4, 6.4). Anemic mothers were 3 times (AOR: 3.2, 95%CI: 2.5, 5.1) more likely to give birth to LBW newborns than non-anemic women. Mothers with a height of less than 150 cm were 2 times more likely to deliver low birth weight babies than their counterparts (AOR:2.1, 95% CI: 1.5,4.4). The odds of LBW delivery were 3.5 times (AOR: 3.5, 95% CI: 2.3, 5.3) higher for mothers with poor dietary diversity than for mothers with good dietary diversity.
Conclusion: Inadequate gestational weight gain during pregnancy was found to be a risk factor for LBW. Additionally, anemia, short stature, and poor dietary diversity were also risk factors for LBW. Therefore, selectively targeted interventions such as improving maternal nutrition, anemia prevention, and proper maternal weight monitoring during pregnancy are needed
Sociodemographic Determinants of Nutritional Status in Children with Sickle Cell Anaemia in Benin City Edo State, Nigeria
No full textBackground: Nigeria has the highest burden of sickle cell anaemia (SCA) in Africa. Patients with SCA present with life-long complications in addition to growth failure. With comprehensive care, patients with SCA have improved survival and well-being, with some studies reporting overnutrition. This study aims to assess nutritional status and sociodemographic determinants in children with SCA.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among children aged 1-16years attending the paediatric SCA clinics and their sex and age-matched controls. Anthropometric measurements were carried out to determine their nutritional status, and the data obtained were analyzed using SPSS software. The sociodemographic and relevant clinical information was obtained using a semi-structured questionnaire.
Results: The majority (86%) of the children with SCA had normal height and weight, but the mean weight, weight for age z-score (WAZ), body mass index z-score (BMIZ) and height for age z-score (HAZ) were significantly lower than the HbAA controls. The mean WAZ was significantly higher in children from high socioeconomic class (SEC) and those whose mothers had tertiary education than those from lower educational statuses. Similarly, the mean HAZ was significantly higher in children from high SEC, tertiary maternal education and younger children.
Conclusion: Most children with SCA have normal nutritional status despite significantly lower nutritional indicators compared to children with HbAA genotype. Higher educational status of mothers and SEC were associated with a significantly higher nutritional status among the subjects
Is the Time Right for a Paradigm Shift? Where we have been and where we Might be Going
Get PDFOver the years there have been a number of paradigms and concomitant shifts in criminal justice. Each paradigm shift follows a general discontentment with the existing paradigm. This is crucial because with change comes a new operating system designed to, at the least, protect society. When the paradigm is not doing its job, crisis can ensue. Current attitudes towards the criminal justice system raise the question, are we in a moment of crisis? This article explores the history of shifts in the criminal justice system, where we are now, and were we might be going
Comprehensive Evaluation of Reference Values of Parametric and Non-Parametric Effect Size Methods for Two Independent Groups
Get PDFIn the field of health and other sciences, effect size (ES) provides a scientific approach to the effectiveness of treatment or intervention. The p-value indicates whether the statistical difference depends on chance, while ES gives information about the effectiveness of the treatment or intervention, even if the difference is not significant. For this reason, ES has become a very popular measure in recent years. It depends on which ES will be used based on the distribution of data and the number of groups. In this study, parametric and non-parametric ES were evaluated for two independent groups.
When the literature was examined, there were no studies aimed at evaluating the reference values of the parametric and non-parametric ES methods used for two independent groups. In this study, the reference values of parametric and non-parametric ES methods for two independent groups were re-evaluated by a simulation study. As a result, the very small reference value of parametric ES methods was determined differently from the literature. It has been seen that the reference values of non-parametric ES methods are valid in cases where the skewness is low, and new reference values have been proposed at the varying skewness level