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Relaxed Adaptive Lasso for Classification on High-Dimensional Sparse Data with Multicollinearity
Get PDFHigh-dimensional sparse data with multicollinearity is frequently found in medical data. This problem can lead to poor predictive accuracy when applied to a new data set. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (Lasso) is a popular machine-learning algorithm for variable selection and parameter estimation. Additionally, the adaptive Lasso method was developed using the adaptive weight on the l1-norm penalty. This adaptive weight is related to the power order of the estimators. Thus, we focus on 1) the power of adaptive weight on the penalty function, and 2) the two-stage variable selection method. This study aimed to propose the relaxed adaptive Lasso sparse logistic regression. Moreover, we compared the performances of the different penalty functions by using the mean of the predicted mean squared error (MPMSE) for the simulation study and the accuracy of classification for a real-data application. The results showed that the proposed method performed best on high-dimensional sparse data with multicollinearity. Along with, for classifier with the support vector machine, this proposed method was also the best option for the variable selection process
A Comparative Study on the Renewable Energy Related Curriculums in the Universities in Guangdong- Hong Kong- Macao Greater Bay Area
No full textThe development of energy professionals played important roles for energy innovation and sustainability transitions in Guangdong- Hong Kong- Macao Greater Bay Area. We selected three representative universities, i.e. Sun Yat-sen University, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, and the University of Macao in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao as the examples which presented current status of higher education in the fields of renewable energies. We compared these renewable energy related curriculums in terms of quantities, structures and contents. The results showed that the renewable energy related curriculums in the three universities should expand at postgraduate levels, strengthen their linkages with industries and increase interdisciplinary courses in order to optimize professional training in the Greater Bay Area
Scientific Truth and Judicial Truth: Philosophy and Method
Get PDFA sinthetic excursus of modern epistemology across some methodological contributes of Aristotle, Descartes, Galilei and Freud, with special regard to alethic and verisimilar knowledge in law sciences and legal reasoning, in order to analyse dialectic opposition of involved parts in legal argumentations and verdict’s rational motivation in trials
The Role of Islamic Law in Enriching the Decisions of the Indonesian Constitutional Court
Get PDFThis article discusses the role of Islamic Law in enriching legal considerations of constitutional court decisions. As one of the recognized laws in Indonesia, it turns out that Islamic Law has an essential role in the development of national law, including the Constitutional Court decision. It was proven by the existence of 20 decisions by the Constitutional Court on judicial review of laws with Islamic Law. However, of the 20 decisions, there were only six decisions in which the Constitutional Court used Islamic Law as the basis for its consideration. In this article, we will discuss several things, namely the construction of Islamic Law and the development of positive law in Indonesia. Meanwhile, the penultimate part argues that efforts to legal positivism in Indonesia have been going on for a long time. Before conclusion, the last part believes that in fact, there are nuances of Islamic theory or Islamic Law used by the Constitutional Court judges in several decisions of the Constitutional Court
Modulation of the One Health Approach to Tackle Brucellosis in Buffaloes and Cattle in Two Italian Territories with Different Characteristics
Get PDFThe new European Union animal health law and its rule concerning brucellosis in cattle and buffaloes
The authors examine the latest European Union (EU) rules concerning eradication and surveillance of brucellosis and animal infectious diseases of EU concern.
The Italian rules concerning brucellosis in cattle and buffaloes
Italy is included in the EU co-financed compulsory eradication and surveillance programmes for brucellosis in cattle and in buffaloes in the frame of the EU and the related Italian laws, which allowed reaching the Brucellosis Free status without vaccination (former "Officially Brucellosis Free - OBF" status) in the majority of the northern and middle Italian Regions and in some middle and southern Provinces included in Regions where the infection persists.
Epidemiology of brucellosis in the EU and in Italy
In the Italian Province of Caserta, the highest prevalence of brucellosis in buffaloes is reported; in 2017-2021, a total of 314 outbreaks occurred, in which 39,163 heads tested positive. Here, brucellosis is threatening not only human health and the widespread buffaloes breeding but also the important satellite activities concerning the Protected Designation of Origin (P.O.D.) cheese “Mozzarella di Bufala Campana". The authors also discuss the reemerged brucellosis in cattle in the Molise Region, which despite bordering the Province of Caserta, shows different hydrographic, orographic, and breeding characteristics. In Molise, the reemerged brucellosis had a very different epidemiological course, which allowed it to limit the adoption of One Health measures.
The One Health approach to tackle brucellosis in buffaloes
In order to tackle brucellosis in Campania Region and in its Province of Caserta, the One Health approach has been predisposed through strict control of animal health, human health, and the environment. The adopted model could be exportable to territories having similar characteristics
Influence of Nutrition Knowledge on the Association between Maternal Nutrition and Birth Outcomes
No full textMaternal undernutrition is a complex condition that arises from various factors, including social, cultural, psycho-social, biological, and ecological factors. The intergenerational consequences of chronic malnutrition, starting with mothers and their children, account for a significant proportion of infant deaths, cognitive disability, and reduced productivity in adulthood. Therefore, having nutritional knowledge throughout pregnancy is crucial for better risk assessment of undernutrition and healthy pregnancy outcomes. The study examined whether trimester-specific nutrition education and awareness could significantly impact the relationship between maternal nutrition and birth outcomes and found that this association was stronger in women with higher levels of nutrition knowledge. As a result, a food-based approach that is both low-cost and high-nutrition can help meet the specific nutritional requirements of pregnancy, alter certain nutrients that target fetal metabolic vulnerabilities, or enhance fetal growth and development in the migrant population. The review explores recent research and discusses how nutrition literacy and knowledge influence pregnancy and birth outcomes, providing an overview of the current understanding of maternal nutritional trimester-specific needs and highlighting areas that still require further study. The findings emphasize the importance of considering diet diversity and peer support during pregnancy, considering the impact that nutrition knowledge has on pregnancy outcomes
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Associated with Atrial Fibrillation in Adult Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Get PDFIntroduction: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a common disease. However, its diagnosis and treatment are underestimated. The main reason is that the upper airway completely or partially collapses, leading to repeated sleep apnea episodes. In addition, atrial fibrillation(AF) is the most frequent arrhythmia in the world, these two entities may be related and are important public health problems.
Objective: To determine the association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and atrial fibrillation in adult patients.
Materials and Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies that associate obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and atrial fibrillation was carried out. The search was carried out in 4 databases: PUBMED, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus.
Results: Eight studies were included (n=562241). A significant association was found between obstructive sleep apnea and atrial fibrillation (OR: 1.38; 95% CI 1.24 to 1.54). In addition, low heterogeneity was found between studies I2: 13%.
Conclusions: It was found that obstructive sleep apnea and atrial fibrillation are significantly associated
The Effect of Symptoms on the Survival Time of Coronavirus Patients in the Sudanese Population
Get PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic has rapidly spread worldwide, resulting in substantial rates of illness and death. Gaining insight into the various factors that impact the duration of survival among individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 is of utmost importance to inform clinical practices and public health strategies This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the acuteness of symptoms and the survival time of coronavirus patients in Sudan. The Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test were used to determine the symptom pattern. The results of COVID-19 and Cox regression were utilized to determine the most critical symptoms affecting coronavirus patients. The log-rank test revealed that there are differences in the pattern of age and symptoms among coronavirus patients. Cox regression revealed that symptoms affect on the survival time of coronavirus patients. The Cox proportional Hazard Model shows that the hazard of age at any time increases by 116.5%, diarrhea increases by 9%, headache increases by 62.0%, fatigability increases by 13.3%, and other symptoms increase by 47.3%. This study differs from prior studies in several ways. No current study in Sudan has used survival analysis to discover the most relevant symptoms affecting survival time
Mechanical Properties Enhancement of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy Reinforced with Various Ratios of Titanium Particles and Processed by ECAP
Get PDFThis study utilized AZ91 magnesium-aluminum alloy as the matrix for magnesium-based composites, reinforced with micron-sized titanium (Ti). Gravity casting and mechanical stirring were employed to fabricate specimens with 0 wt.%, 0.3 wt.%, and 0.5 wt.% Ti reinforcement. Heat-treated samples underwent Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP), and microstructures were analyzed via SEM and XRD. The experimental results demonstrate that the addition of micron-sized titanium improves the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and hardness. The inclusion of 0.5 wt.% titanium powder resulted in a 17.5% increase in ultimate tensile strength and a 37% increase in yield strength. After secondary processing with ECAP, the ultimate tensile strength showed an additional 25% increase, while the yield strength increased by 13.5%. Vickers hardness test results reveal a significant 13.7% strength improvement with the addition of 0.5 wt.% titanium powder, and after ECAP secondary processing, there was a marginal additional increase of 0.8%