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Response Surface Optimization of Electro-Spun Polyvinyl Alcohol Nano-Fiber Membrane Process Parameters and its Characterization
Get PDFAn empirical exploration into the effects of time duration, voltage supply, concentration and flow rate on the membrane average fiber diameter and surface pore size distribution were done using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central compact design (CCD). The average fiber diameter and average surface pore diameter of the membrane (i.e. 110 nm and 130 nm, respectively) were obtained at optimum input parameters of 45 min, 10 wt. %, 12 kV and 1.0 mL/h for time duration, concentration, voltage supply, and flow rate, respectively. The optimization study shows that the predicted versus actual values of both membrane fiber diameter and surface pore diameter are at R2 = 0.96. In addition, the effect of glutaraldehyde on membrane crosslinking was also assessed for further studies. The results from FESEM images of the fabricated PVA nanofiber membranes using the optimized parameters revealed that the membranes showed smooth morphological structures without formation of beads. The thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) results displayed an improvement in thermal stability after membrane crosslinking. From this study we have observed that the membrane average fiber diameter and surface pore diameter can be controlled by varying the electro-spinning parameters and can be utilized for wastewater treatment application
Effectiveness of Psycho-Correctional Methods and Technologies in Work with Children who have Autism: Systematic Review
No full textBackground: Proper care for children with autism spectrum disorder can help reduce the difficulties faced by autistic people throughout their life. This fact causes the necessity to study the most effective therapy, teaching and development methods, social interaction skills, and emotional intelligence for children with autism.
Objective: This article is aimed at identifying the most effective methods and technologies in working with children who have autism that was described in the scientific works and at revealing reasons and necessities for their more detailed study as well as possibilities to implement them.
Methods: Using methods analysis, comparison and analogy, statistical method, and generalization, several publications dedicated to correction methods in work with children who have autism were selected. The most common correction methods were indicated and described according to efficacy and frequency.
Results: A thorough review of research, publications, and available information on the Internet were conducted. The most effective methods and technologies in working with autistic children were identified, which included applied behavioral therapy, treatment and education of autistic and related communication-handicapped children, Floortime, parent-child interaction therapy, method Tomatis, and the program Son-rise. Recent intelligent technologies were also considered, particularly Smart Platforms for Research, intervention, and Neurodevelopmental growth, the use of virtual reality, and the program Empowered Brain technology.
Conclusions: The authors emphasize the necessity of thorough psychodiagnostics and the formation of psycho-correctional tasks based on exclusively personal needs, symptoms of the disorder, and disease etiology. The analysis of modern psycho-correctional technologies leads to the conclusion that their effectiveness depends, first of all, on the correct expedient application in each particular case
The Impact of the War in Ukraine on the Emotional well-being of Students in the Learning Process
Get PDFBackground: The research is devoted to the current problem – the emotional well-being of students in learning in the war conditions in Ukraine.
Objective: To study the state of the emotional well-being of students in the process of learning during the war, to identify the factors of emotional well-being in the learning process, and to determine the ways to ensure it in the conditions of war.
Methods: А questionnaire developed by the authors of the article and a method of assessing mental activation, interest, emotional tone, tension, and comfort (L. Kurgansky T. Nemchyn).
The study's results made it possible to find out the impact of the war on the emotional well-being of students and compare the state of the emotional well-being of students during education in peacetime and during the war. Indicators of interest in learning and comfort decreased, and indicators of emotional tension and mental activation increased in students. It is established that the emotional well-being of students in the learning process depends on the nature of the pedagogical interaction, the ability of the teacher to create a situation of success for each student, the level of anxiety of students in the process of including them in educational activities, and the characteristics of the relationship with classmates.
Conclusions: The observed negative trends in the emotional well-being of students during the war became the basis for determining the methods of correctional work in order to help children cope with the experience of war
Design Concepts for Peel-Dominant Adhesive Joints in Aeronautic Applications
Get PDFThe adhesive bonding technique is employed from the aeronautical/aerospace industry to current house products. To comply with the requirements of distinct applications, different joint configurations are available to the designer. While single-lap joints (SLJ) are the most common in application and research, double-lap joints, scarf joints and T-joints find specific applications. T-joints are seldom studied in the literature, but these are used, for instance, in aircraft to bond the stiffener beams to the skin, or in the cars between the B-pillar and the rocker. Due to the high stress concentrations, T-joints often fail under average stresses much lower than the adhesive strengths, giving rise to the necessity for proper design and strength improvement methodologies. This work initially aims to validate the cohesive zone modelling (CZM) technique with experiments, and then use it to numerically evaluate and optimize the performance of T-joints subjected to peel loads. CZM is nowadays regarded as the most powerful strength prediction tool for adhesive joints, and can be a valuable tool to improve T-joints. Different features are addressed for a complete analysis: adhesive type, geometrical parameters, dual-adhesive technique for strength improvement, and composite joints. The evaluated geometrical parameters are the base adherend thickness (a), T-part thickness (t), overlap or bonding length (l) and curvature radius (r). As a result of this work, the model was successfully validated, and clear design guidelines were provided to define the ideal geometric and material (adhesive) conditions for best performance
Phenotypic Classification and Clinical Examination of Anemia in Iraqi Water Buffalo in Nasiriyah Governorate
Get PDFThis research aims to classify anemia cases in the Iraqi water buffalo population by collecting 140 blood samples from buffaloes in Nasiriyah Governorate pastures. These samples were collected randomly from three age groups: > 1 year, 1-4 years, and < 5 years. Blood sample analysis revealed 45 anemia cases (32.12%) and 95 healthy cases (67.88%). Phenotypic classification of anemia encompassed microcytic hypochromic (12.14%), macrocytic hypochromic (7.85%), normocytic hypochromic (6.42%), and normocytic normochromic (5.71%) cases. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) notably increased in anemic buffaloes, displaying a statistically significant disparity (P< 0.05) compared to healthy counterparts. Anemia cases exhibited higher neutrophil counts in white blood cell relative differentials. For the three age groups, hemoglobin (Hb), packed blood cell volume (PCV), and total red blood cell count (RBC) values indicated significant decreases from normal levels, showcasing statistical significance (P< 0.05) between healthy and anemic buffaloes. While anemia cases generally displayed normal iron concentrations, microcytic anemia demonstrated lower iron levels in the 1-4 and >5 years age groups, with iron levels reaching the minimum global normal range in the <1 year age group. Copper concentrations remained normal in all healthy cases and anemia cases, except for microcytic anemia, which showed reduced levels across age groups.
In conclusion, this study comprehensively characterizes anemia in Iraqi water buffaloes through clinical, hematological, and elemental analyses. The findings underscore the prevalence of various anemia types, their age-related variations, and significant hematological deviations in anemic buffaloes compared to healthy counterparts. This research enhances our understanding of anemias' impact on this population and provides valuable insights for future diagnostic and management strategies
Stimulating Career Development: Assessment of the Effects of Guest Speaker Learning Experiences on Students Enrolled in Criminal Justice College Courses
Get PDFThis research study examines the impact of a guest speaker intervention on college students enrolled in criminal justice courses at a mid-sized university in California. Students in the study attended guest speaker presentations ranging from probation officers, correctional officers, academics, and public defenders. Students in the study were required to complete a pre-and post-survey throughout the Fall 2022 and Spring 2023 semesters that examined the students’ agreeableness, confidence, and knowledge with regard to their experiences with attending guest speaker opportunities and their knowledge about career pathways and academic concepts while pursuing a college degree. The results from this study indicate that many students find guest speaker opportunities to be both beneficial for advancing their knowledge of the criminal justice system and confidence in pursuing a career in criminal justice
Application of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Information System (SI-DBD) for Recording and Reporting of DHF Suspects at Kota Public Health Centers in Bantaeng Regency
Get PDFBackground: Dengue fever is the most common viral infection transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. This disease puts more than 3.9 billion people from 129 countries at risk of contracting dengue fever and causes 40,000 deaths each year. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of SI-DBD applications for finding, recording, and reporting suspected cases of dengue.
Methods: This type of research is a quasi-experiment with The Nonrandomized Control Group Pretest Posttest Design, namely there were two treatment groups (SI-DBD application users) at RT 02 and (a control group) at RT. 01, with a sample of 112 households (1:1 ratio). Data was collected through interviews and reports of suspected dengue fever.
Results: There was an increase in reporting of suspected dengue after using the Application of the Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Information System (SI-DBD) (233.33%). Statistical test results in the intervention group's simplicity, acceptability, data quality, and timeliness had p < 0.000, meaning that there were significant differences in all variables studied in the reporting system using the SI-DBD application. In the control group, statistical tests showed that the acceptability variable had a p < 0.0001, meaning that there were significant differences in the acceptability variable in the use of the manual system before and during the study while the variables were for simplicity, data quality, and timeliness had a p > 0.1797, 0.0833, 0.5567 means that there is no significant difference in these variables in the manual reporting system.
Conclusion: SI-DBD application is effective for recording and reporting suspected dengue
Elevated Lactate as a Mortality Factor in Poly Traumatised Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Get PDFIntroduction: According to global health estimates from the World Health Organization (WHO) injuries represent 8% of world deaths. There are systematic reviews that relate lactate and mortality in trauma patients but do not focus on multiple trauma patients.
Objective: To determine if elevated lactate is a mortality factor in multiple trauma patients.
Methodology: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies were carried out. The search was carried out in 4 databases: PUBMED, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science.
Data were pooled using a random effects model and summary statistics were calculated using odds ratios (ORs) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
Results: Nine studies were included (n=5302). A significant association was found between elevated admission lactate with mortality (OR: 1.80; 95% CI 1.11 to 2.91) and 72-hour mortality (OR: 1.24; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.50). No statistically significant association was found for the analysis of elevated admission lactate and 28-day mortality (OR: 1.24; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.50). Finally, elevated admission lactate is associated with mortality regardless of time (OR: 1.34; 95% CI 1.19 to 1.50).
Conclusion: Elevated admission lactate is associated with mortality and 72-hour mortality in multiple trauma patients. No significant association was found between elevated admission lactate and 30-day mortality. Elevated intake of lactate is associated with mortality independent of time
Relationship between Thermal Conductivity and Compressive Strength of Insulation Concrete: A Review
Get PDFDeveloping insulation concrete with high strength is essential for the construction of energy saving buildings. This is important to achieve carbon neutrality in the modern building industry. This paper reviews the existing studies in the literature on insulation concrete. This paper aims to reveal the correlation between the thermal conductivity and strength of concrete and identify the most effective method to make insulation concrete with lower thermal conductivity but higher strength. The review is carried out from two perspectives, including the effects of different foaming methods and various lightweight aggregates. As for the foaming methods, the chemical and mechanical foaming methods are discussed. As for the lightweight aggregates, cenospheres, porous aggregates, aerogels, and phase change materials are assessed. It is clearly observed that the thermal conductivity and compressive strength of concrete can be fitted by a linear function. As for the foaming methods, chemical foaming using hydrogen peroxide is the most effective to produce concrete with relatively lower thermal conductivity and higher compressive strength. For concrete with lightweight aggregates, cenospheres are the best option. Finally, recommendations are made to develop concrete with lower thermal conductivity and higher strength