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Recent Advancements in Graphene Derivative-Based Nanocomposites: Innovations in Coating and Sensing Technologies
Get PDFGraphene derivative-based nanocomposites have emerged as innovative solutions to address challenges in corrosion, marine biofouling, and environmental contamination. This review highlights recent advancements in three key areas: (1) dual-barrier and self-healing anti-corrosion materials, (2) eco-friendly anti-biofouling coatings, and (3) high-efficiency electrocatalytic films for electrochemical sensing. We emphasize the critical roles of graphene (Gr) sheets, graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in enhancing nanocomposite performance through novel modifications with inorganic materials, organic polymers, and biomolecules. Key insights into advanced modification techniques and their impact on functionality and durability are presented. The review also explores graphene-enabled electrochemical sensors that showed high sensitivity to phenolic compounds in water. Mechanisms accounting for the improved performance of these materials are discussed, along with associated challenges such as scalability, cost-effectiveness, and stability. Future directions are suggested, focusing on sustainable, intelligent coatings and thin-film devices for environmental applications. This work aims to guide researchers, industry professionals, and policymakers in leveraging graphene-based technologies to tackle global issues in corrosion prevention, marine ecology, and environmental monitoring
Pregnancy Outcomes Following GnRH- or Prostaglandin-Based Timed Artificial Insemination Protocols in Water Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
Get PDFThe efficiencies of Timed Artificial Insemination (TAI) protocols in post-partum riverine dairy buffaloes were evaluated in the present research work. In Study 1, GnRH-based ovulation synchronization for Fixed Time Artificial Insemination (FTAI) protocol was evaluated for pregnancy. Buffaloes in Treatment 1 were subjected to the Ovsynch (GnRH-PGF2α-GnRH) protocol. Buffaloes in Treatment 2 were subjected to Controlled Internal Drug Release–Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone (CIDR-Synch-GnRH) protocol, and buffaloes in Treatment 3 were subjected to CIDR-Synch-human Chorionic Gonadotrophin (CIDR-Synch-hCG) protocol. In Study 2, Prostaglandin-based estrus synchronization protocols were similarly evaluated for pregnancy. Buffaloes in Treatment 1 were treated with Prostaglandin hormone alone; buffaloes in Treatment 2 were subjected to Prostaglandin-GnRH protocol, while buffaloes in Treatment 3 were subjected to Prostaglandin-hCG protocol. Results in Study 1 revealed that supplementation of Ovsynch with CIDR in Treatment 2 and 3 resulted in significantly higher (P<0.05) pregnancy rates compared with Ovsynch alone (T1). Meanwhile, the use of hCG as the final ovulatory hormone in FTAI protocol (T3) yielded a significantly higher (P<0.05) pregnancy rate than GnRH (T2). In Study 2, results showed that prostaglandin protocols enhanced with GnRH (T2) or with hCG (T3) resulted in significantly higher (P<0.05) pregnancy rates (31.88±3.39 and 34.62±1.53), respectively, compared with Prostaglandin alone (T1, 23.91±2.49). However, pregnancy rates in Prostaglandin-based protocols (T2) and (T3) were not significantly different (P<0.05). In sum, the present study demonstrated that supplementation with exogenous progesterone (CIDR) improved the efficiency of Ovsynch FTAI protocol while using hCG as the final ovulatory hormone is found to be the best among FTAI protocols. Meanwhile, a Prostaglandin-based protocol enhanced with ovulatory hormones, either GnRH or hCG, on the day of AI improved pregnancy rates in post-partum water buffaloes
Effectiveness of Information and Communication Programmes for Children with Special Educational Needs in the Context of Speech Development
No full textThe work aims to determine the effectiveness of information and communication programs for special educational needs (SENs) in the context of speech development. The aim was achieved through the use of general theoretical methods of analysis, observations, and calculations of the ranking factor, efficiency coefficient, and Phillips correlation coefficient. It was established that the most effective approaches for the development of children's speech are the use of information technologies (2.5), social interaction (2.37), and group approach (2.25).
Results: The results provided grounds for developing a speech and general development program for children aged 4 to 7. The program provided for the creation of mind maps, provision of joint reading, performance of educational songs, and development of speech in accordance with the specified topic. Training became possible due to the use of modern technologies, namely the applications MindMeister, Digital Inclusion, and speech synthesis from Google and YouTube. It was established that the developed program had a positive effect on the improvement of children’s phonetic speech compared to the results at the beginning of the study.
Conclusions: The practical significance of the work implies the possibility of using the developed program for speech correction among a larger number of children.
Prospects: Research prospects are related to elaborating speech development mechanisms depending on the degree of speech impairment
The Relationship between Traumatic Experiences, the Prevalence of Social Anxiety and Insecure Attachment among University Students
Get PDFUniversity students face unique challenges and are considered a vulnerable population, making it crucial to understand the impact of trauma on their mental health. This study aimed to investigate the associations between traumatic experiences, the prevalence of social anxiety, and insecure attachment among MSU students. The present study adopted a quantitative research approach using the Trauma Screening Questionnaire (TSQ), the DSM-5 Severity Rating of Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD-D), moreover, for the purpose of assessing PTSD, the Vulnerable Attachment Styles Questionnaire (VASQ), Social Anxiety Disorder Severity, and Insecure Attachment, respectively. A total of 406 respondents participated in the research. Through descriptive analysis, data were collected using three different assessments, revealing that 67% of the students were identified as having a high risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), while 6.9% experienced severe social anxiety, which was relatively low compared to the total number. Additionally, 87% of the students displayed a high level of insecure attachment. In order to test the research hypotheses, Pearson correlation analysis, linear regression analysis and path analysis were conducted in this study. The study's findings demonstrated that there was a significant correlation between traumatic experiences and insecure attachment and a non-significant correlation between traumatic experiences and social anxiety. Additionally, traumatic experiences had a significant positive effect on insecure attachment but did not significantly affect social anxiety. Lastly, traumatic experiences did not significantly affect insecure attachment through social anxiety or traumatic experiences through social anxiety
Mechanical and Dynamic Mechanical Characterization of Epoxy Composites Reinforced with Casuarina Leaf Bio Fibre
Get PDFThis study investigates the influence of casuarina leaf biofibre on the mechanical and morphological characteristics of epoxy resin composites. Composites were prepared using the hand-layup method, incorporating varying volume fractions of the biofibre (4%, 8%, 12%, 16%, 20% and 24% v/v). Mechanical and dynamic mechanical tests were carried out to assess the impact of the biofibre on the composite material. Mechanical testing revealed significant enhancements in tensile strength of 29.2 MPa, particularly at a biofibre volume fraction of 12% and the composite with the highest impact and flexural strengths measured at 2621 J/m2 and 41.1 MPa, respectively for the 16%v/v fibre loading. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) results demonstrated improved viscoelastic properties attributed to the presence of the biofibre. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination of tensile tested samples provided insights into interfacial bonding and filler dispersion within the composite matrix. Overall, the findings highlight the potential of casuarina leaf biofibre to enhance specific mechanical properties and viscoelastic behaviour of epoxy casuarina composites. Optimizing the biofibre volume fraction offers possibility to tailor composite properties for specific application requirements. This research advances the development of bio-based composite materials, contributing valuable insights for the creation of sustainable and high-performance engineering materials
Itaconic Acid-Based Hydrogels with Flame Retardancy and High-Temperature Resistance via Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing
Get PDFBiomass-based hydrogels have received extensive attention due to their flame retardant properties and environmental friendliness. The dilemma that non-renewable energy resources are increasingly depleted, leads us to place high expectations on renewable natural clean energy, as well as to conduct in-depth research on the efficient utilization and green preparation processes for the clean energy. In this study, we introduce a green and sustainable method for the design and preparation of flame-retardant materials by integrating two new class of itaconic acid-based hydrogels in conjunction with the rapid vat photopolymerization (VP) 3D printing technology. The hydrogels prepared by this method exhibit exceptional flame retardancy, mechanical robustness and superior high-temperature resistance. This research provides novel strategies and essential guidance for the green synthesis and sustainable development of next-generation flame retardant materials
Building Resilience Among College Students: A Cross-Cultural Investigation on the Importance of Quality Crisis Communication and Social Support
Get PDFBuilding on job demands-resources (JD-R model) and the social support theory, this study investigates how perceived quality of crisis communication and social support influence perceived uncertainties, emotional exhaustion, and resilience among college students in Kenya and the United States during the COVID-19 crisis. Data were collected using a survey (N= 394). The results indicate that higher perceived quality of crisis communication is associated with lower perceived uncertainties about the COVID-19 crisis. Both peer and advisor support are found to reduce students' perceived uncertainties. Notably, Kenyan students reported receiving more peer support compared to American students, while American students reported higher levels of advisor support. Additionally, perceived uncertainties mediated the relationship between advisor support and emotional exhaustion. Contrary to expectations, organizational intransigence did not moderate the relationship between social support and perceived uncertainties. Finally, a positive association was observed between perceived quality of crisis communication and resilience among students. These findings suggest the importance of effective crisis communication and social support in fostering resilience among students, with implications for both policy and practice across different cultural contexts
Access to Dental Services among Hypertensive Elderly in Peru: Exploring Patterns and Implications
Get PDFBackground: This study was conducted to determine access to dental services in the elderly with hypertension in Peru.
Methods: Observational, analytical, and cross-sectional design. Data used for analysis in this research was collected from the Demographic and Family Health Survey of Peru (ENDES) from 2019 to 2021.
Results: A Poisson regression analysis was performed a weighted sample for calculating prevalence ratio (PR) with their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). The multiple regression analysis did not find among the factors associated with the probability of using the dental health service, since neither the time less than two years of hypertension (PR=0.74, 95%CI 0.53 – 1.02); nor from 2 to 4 years (PR = 0.97, CI 95% 0.86 – 1.09); neither a time of hypertension from 5 years or more (PR = 0.94, CI 95% 0.85 – 1.03) were associated.
Conclusion: The study concluded that hypertensive patient over 60 years of age, despite a previous diagnosis of hypertension or not, does not attend dental service, reflecting a lack of interest and a greater risk exposure to cardiovascular complications associated with oral health
Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies for Marine and Membrane Antifouling Applications
Get PDFThe major responsibility of the marine industry includes the global transportation of goods, materials, and people. To cater the longstanding challenges like degradation of materials and biofouling, it has embraced nanotechnology solutions. Nano-technology offered numerous products such as nano-ZnO, nano alumina, and nano silica, etc. to deal with corrosion in a cost-effective manner. Similarly, to address the biofouling in the aquatic environment, hybrid nanocomposites of organic-inorganic materials, photocatalytic nanomaterials, metal and metal oxide nanomaterials (nanoparticles, nanowires, nanorods), etc. are employed as viable agents to create non-toxic or low-toxic antifouling coatings. On the other hand, membrane separation technology plays a significant role in various industries including water treatment plants, food, medicine, pharmacy, biotechnology, etc. in addition to the domestic arena for the purification of drinking water. Such a wonderful technology is being totally disturbed by a troublesome problem and a predominant barrier called membrane fouling, which drastically limits the commercialization of the membranes and the whole membrane industrial technology as well. Hence, this review exclusively throws light on the role of nanomaterials and nanotechnologies developed for the prevention of fouling that occurs on submerged structures and membranes as well and to give possible solutions with increased resilience against challenges to come
Exploring the Affordable Housing Solutions for the Resettlement Projects of Padma Bridge
Get PDFThe construction of Padma Bridge in Bangladesh has necessitated the resettlement of displaced residents, highlighting the need for affordable and sustainable housing solutions aligned with Sustainable Development Goals 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), 10 (Reduce inequality), and 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities). This study aims to engage undergraduate architecture students in a design studio exercise to develop innovative housing models for resettlement projects, addressing displaced communities' social, economic, and environmental challenges. A multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) framework is introduced, integrating stakeholder data. In the design studio, students explore housing alternatives and concentrate on community-driven cooperative housing, assessing their effectiveness, feasibility, and sustainability using the MCDA framework. The exercise produces a range of housing solutions that balance affordability, sustainability, and community-centric design. Students demonstrate the potential of novel approaches to address the complex challenges displaced communities face and contribute to equitable development in Bangladesh. Engaging architecture students in developing affordable housing solutions provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders in resettlement. The study emphasizes the need for holistic, participatory approaches and highlights the role of innovative, sustainable housing models in enhancing the quality of life for those affected by the Padma Bridge project, aligning with the SDGs