European Scientific Journal, ESJ
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A Rare Case of Caecal Desmoid Tumor
Get PDFDesmoid tumors (DTs) are rare, benign fibroblastic neoplasms with local aggressiveness but no metastatic potential. We report a 16-year-old woman with chronic right lower quadrant pain and an abdominopelvic mass, initially suspected to be a gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Surgical excision confirmed a caecal desmoid tumor. DTs can mimic malignancies, requiring MRI, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry for diagnosis. Treatment varies, with surgery for symptomatic cases and emerging systemic therapies as alternatives. This article aims to raise awareness of these rare tumors in unexpected locations. It highlights the importance of considering DTs in the differential diagnosis of abdominal masses, particularly in young patients, and emphasizes the need for genetic counseling and multidisciplinary management
Maternal Perception of Medicinal Foods in Child Feeding Practices: A Study in Marsabit County, Kenya
Get PDFMedicinal foods are important for enhancing children’s health and preventing common illnesses. However, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding how mothers perceive these foods and their effectiveness in child nutrition. Therefore, this study aimed to determine maternal perception of medicinal foods used in child feeding. This study adopted a cross-sectional study design. A three-stage sampling technique was used to randomly select 278 eligible households with children aged 6–24 months to assess their perception of child feeds with medicinal value. A questionnaire was used to gather quantitative data. Focus Group Discussion and Key Informant Interview guides were used to collect qualitative data. Univariate analysis was used to obtain the frequency distribution of maternal perception of medicinal foods. The results indicated that the common childhood illnesses in the community are diarrhea 63.9%, Pneumonia 55.2%, malnutrition 35.1%, malaria 35.7%, anemia 35.7%, and common cold 24.2%. Findings show that 56% of the respondents offered foods for medicinal purposes to their children during sickness and in good health. Most (75.5%) respondents indicated plants, fruits, and foods were used for medicinal
purposes. The study concludes that maternal perceptions of medicinal foods significantly influence child-feeding practices in Marsabit County, Kenya. Based on the findings, the study recommends that the Marsabit County government conduct scientific research and clinical trials to assess the efficacy and safety of local plants, fruits, and foods used by mothers to treat childhood illnesses and integrate evidence-based findings into community health education. This study had potential limitations. It relied on maternal responses, which could have been affected by recall or social desirability bias; however, engaging communities in discussions on child nutrition can help bridge gaps between perception and scientific evidence, leading to informed decision-making. This initiative should involve collaboration between the local health authorities, research institutions, and traditional knowledge holders
Exploring American Cultural Themes in Language Learning: A Qualitative Analysis of 'Focus 4' EFL Textbook
Get PDFLearning a foreign language requires both time and dedication. Hence, achieving proficiency in the four language skills definitely necessitates the integration of culturally relevant materials that can enrich the learning process, particularly in developing speaking skills. This study examines an upper-intermediate English as a foreign language textbook utilized at the Medical High School “Gostivari” in Gostivar. While the textbook serves as a crucial teaching resource, its content also significantly shapes the students' learning experiences by addressing topics that contribute to both their academic and personal growth, preparing them for future success. The textbook’s analysis mainly concerns activities related to cultural themes, particularly those related to American culture, thus highlighting the importance of examining how these activities facilitate the development of speaking skills. A qualitative research approach was adopted to analyze the textbook's content and evaluate its cultural relevance. The study reveals that the textbook incorporates a diverse array of culture-related activities, aimed at enhancing students' speaking abilities. These activities not only promote cultural understanding but also provide opportunities for students to practice and refine their spoken language skills in meaningful contexts. The incorporated cultural content can boost student engagement since it introduces relevant and thought-provoking scenarios that encourage active participation in speaking activities
Questions négatives hautes en français : une analyse sémantico-pragmatique du biais et de la confirmation
Get PDFCette étude examine les propriétés sémantiques et pragmatiques des questions négatives hautes (High Negated Questions – HNQs) en français, caractérisées par une négation externe et un biais épistémique implicite. Contrairement aux questions polaires classiques, les HNQs favorisent les réponses affirmatives, traduisant l’attente d’un alignement épistémique entre locuteur et interlocuteur. À partir d’une approche combinant analyse théorique et expérimentation, une étude menée auprès de locuteurs natifs montre que la félicité des HNQs dépend fortement du contexte discursif. Les résultats révèlent que les HNQs formelles, sont perçues comme plus naturelles dans des contextes institutionnels, tandis que les variantes informelles, sont préférées dans des interactions spontanées. Ces observations confirment les modèles de la négation externe (Romero & Han, 2004 ; Goodhue, 2022) et des dynamiques d’alignement épistémique (Farkas & Roelofsen, 2017), montrant que les HNQs ne sont pas de simples interrogatives, mais des outils structurants du discours. Cette recherche apporte ainsi un éclairage nouveau sur les mécanismes de biais et de confirmation dans l’interaction en français.
This study examines the semantic and pragmatic properties of High Negated Questions (HNQs) in French, characterized by external negation and an implicit epistemic bias. Unlike standard polar questions, HNQs favor affirmative responses, reflecting the speaker’s expectation of epistemic alignment with the interlocutor. Combining theoretical analysis and empirical experimentation, a study conducted with native speakers shows that the felicity of HNQs is highly dependent on discourse context. The results reveal that formal HNQs, constructed with structures, are perceived as more natural in institutional settings, whereas informal variants are preferred in spontaneous interactions. These findings confirm the models of external negation (Romero & Han, 2004; Goodhue, 2022) and epistemic alignment dynamics (Farkas & Roelofsen, 2017), demonstrating that HNQs are not merely neutral interrogatives but rather discourse-structuring tools. This research thus provides new insights into the mechanisms of bias and confirmation in French interaction
Stéréotypes liés à l’insertion professionnelle des femmes ingénieures dans les métiers de l’ingénierie en Côte d’Ivoire et stratégies anthropiques : entre capacitation et capital social
Get PDFCet article visait à comprendre les mécanismes par lesquels les ingénieures ivoiriennes ont recours pour s’insérer dans le tissu économique en dépit des stéréotypes socioculturels que sont le double statut de femme au foyer et de mère et la nature de sexe faible. Pour son élaboration, l’adoption d’une méthodologie a été utile. De sa posture de recherche qualitative, la constitution de l’échantillon de vingt-trois (23) entretiens a été possible grâce à la technique d’échantillonnage de boule à neige. Deux résultats majeurs ont émergé pour présenter les stratégies mobilisées face aux stéréotypes. Ainsi, le capital social a été la première ressource et le moyen pour intégrer le tissu professionnel de l’emploi en Côte d’Ivoire. Elles investissent les cercles sociaux en tirant profit des informations et opportunités offertes. La capacitation en tant que stratégie secondaire, a permis aux femmes ingénieurs de se réinventer en transformant les obstacles en opportunités. In fine, le présent article dévoile les ressorts invisibles des limitations de la femme dans la construction de la carrière féminine quand celle-ci exprime son aspiration de promotion professionnelle.
This article aimed to understand the mechanisms by which Ivorian engineers use to insert themselves into the economic fabric despite sociocultural stereotypes such as the dual status of housewife and mother and the nature of the weaker sex. For its development, the adoption of a methodology was useful. From its qualitative research position, the constitution of the sample of twenty-three (23) interviews was possible thanks to the snow globe sampling technique. Two major results emerged to present the strategies used in the face of stereotypes. Thus, social capital was the first resource and the means to integrate the professional fabric of employment in Côte d’Ivoire. They invest in social circles by taking advantage of the information and opportunities offered. Empowerment as a secondary strategy has allowed women engineers to reinvent themselves by transforming obstacles into opportunities. Ultimately, this article reveals the invisible sources of women's limitations in the construction of women's careers when they express their aspirations for professional advancement
L’Enseignement Bilingue de l’éveil scientifique au cycle primaire en contexte éducatif marocain: Analyse de contenu des Textes Officiels
Get PDFCet article porte sur l’analyse des Textes Officiels marocains en matière de l’enseignement bilingue de l’éveil scientifique. L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser les orientations des textes officiels marocains concernant l’enseignement bilingue de l’éveil scientifique au cycle primaire. Cette analyse vise à identifier les directives et mesures relatives aux langues d’enseignement, tout en relevant les éventuels dysfonctionnements pour proposer des pistes d’amélioration. Pour répondre à notre problématique, une méthodologie en deux étapes a été adoptée. D’abord, un bref survol de la littérature existante sur l’enseignement bilingue a permis de contextualiser la question. Ensuite, une analyse de contenu a été menée à partir de grilles spécifiques, afin d’examiner les textes officiels marocains traitant de l’éveil scientifique et de ses liens avec les langues d’enseignement. Les résultats de cette étude révèlent une hétérogénéité dans les orientations des textes officiels. Certains reconnaissent l’enseignement bilingue comme un levier fondamental pour transformer le système éducatif, tandis que d’autres ne lui accordent pas la même priorité. En conclusion, cette disparité met en lumière une tension entre les différentes approches présentes dans les textes officiels. Une harmonisation des priorités semble nécessaire pour garantir une mise en œuvre cohérente et efficace de l’enseignement bilingue de l’éveil scientifique au cycle primaire.
This article examines Moroccan official texts regarding bilingual education in scientific awakening activities. Its aim is to analyse the orientations of these texts concerning bilingual education at the primary school level, focusing on directives and measures related to languages of instruction, while identifying potential shortcomings to propose avenues for improvement. To address this issue, a two-step methodology was adopted. First, a brief review of existing literature on bilingual education provided a contextual foundation. Next, content analysis was conducted using tailored grids to examine Moroccan official texts addressing scientific awakening activities and its connection to languages of instruction. The study’s findings reveal heterogeneity in the orientations of official texts. While some emphasize bilingual education as a key driver for transforming the educational system, others assign it lower priority. In conclusion, this disparity highlights a tension between the various approaches present in official texts. Harmonizing priorities is necessary to ensure the coherent and effective implementation of bilingual education in scientific awakening activities at the primary school level
Calidad de vida en el trabajo en el personal de enfermería
Get PDFIntroducción: Se ha reconocido que el trabajo, es un aspecto relevante en la vida de una persona, que influye en el aspecto personal y viceversa. Objetivo: Abordar la calidad de vida laboral del personal de enfermería de un hospital de segundo nivel, con la finalidad de contar con un panorama actual del fenómeno. Metodología: Estudio transversal, descriptivo y exploratorio realizado en un hospital público. La población aproximada es de 280 enfermeros. Se consideraron hombres y mujeres, con una antigüedad mínima de 6 meses. Se aplicó el cuestionario de Calidad de Vida Profesional (CVP) de 35 preguntas con una escala del 1 al 10 para las respuestas, que agrupan los datos en nada, algo, bastante y mucho. Se aplicó una prueba piloto. El protocolo fue evaluado y aprobado por un Sub-Comité de Investigación y se aprobó para su aplicación en la institución hospitalaria. Los datos se procesaron en el programa SPSS v.25 utilizando estadística descriptiva a través de frecuencias y promedios. Resultados: Se encuestaron a 68 enfermeros donde 82.4% eran del género femenino, 32.4% tenía entre 28 y 37 años y entre 38 y 47 años de edad. 52.9% tiene estudios de licenciatura. 29.4% tiene más de 15 años de antigüedad en la institución. Tuvieron algo de calidad de vida laboral el 41.2% y bastante, el 58.8%. Conclusiones: Es necesario valorar este tipo de variables en el personal de enfermería, de manera tal que se establezcan acciones que orienten y ayuden al personal en el manejo de situaciones estresantes.
Introduction: It has been recognized that work is a relevant aspect of a person's life, which influences the personal aspect and vice versa. Objective: To address the quality of working life of nursing staff in a second-level hospital, to have a current overview of the phenomenon. Methodology: The cross-sectional, descriptive, and exploratory study was carried out in a public hospital. The approximate population was 280 nurses. Men and women were considered, with a minimum seniority of 6 months. The Professional Quality of Life (QOL) questionnaire of 35 questions was applied with a scale of 1 to 10 for the answers, grouping the data into not at all, somewhat, quite a lot, and very much. A pilot test was applied. The protocol was evaluated and approved by a Research Sub-Committee and approved for implementation in the hospital institution. The data were processed in SPSS v.25 using descriptive statistics through frequencies and averages. Results: Sixty-eight nurses were interviewed, 82.4% were female, 32.4% were aged 28-37 and 38-47. 52.9% had a bachelor's degree. 29.4% had more than 15 years of seniority in the institution. 41.2% had some quality of working life and 58.8% had a fair quality of working life. Conclusions: It is necessary to assess this type of variable in nursing staff so that actions can be established to guide and help staff in the management of stressful situations
Influence of waste management infrastructure on source segregation of medical waste at a major referral hospital in Western Kenya
Get PDFMedical wastes generated by healthcare facilities such as sharps, and chemical, pathological, infectious, and pharmaceutical wastes are hazardous and have been known to cause various infections such as Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and Human-Immune Virus (HIV). Various studies in MW have established that source segregation is an effective step in managing hospital waste and therefore, the most important step in reducing health hazards and environmental pollution. Hospitals are therefore required to put in place sufficient infrastructure such as personal protective equipment, storage as well as waste transportation equipment at strategic points within each department or floor. Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital (JOOTRH) is a major facility in western Kenya generating approximately 68% of medical waste in Kisumu County. A recent public health study in western Kenya established that 72% of cleaners at JOOTRH were treated for sharps injuries while needle prick injuries accounted for 69% of wounds that occurred among waste recyclers in common dumping sites in Kisumu County. The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of waste management infrastructure on source segregation of medical waste at the JOOTRH. This was a descriptive survey that involved a sample size of 112 nursing officers, 41 doctors, 13 laboratory technicians, 20 clinical officers, and eight heads of departments. Semi-structured questionnaires and interview schedules were used to collect data from healthcare workers and heads of departments respectively. Findings showed that Hospital waste management infrastructure (β=.513) has a significant (p<0.05) influence on source segregation of medical waste, and contributes approximately 38.4% unit changes in source segregation of medical waste at JOOTRH (R2=.384). The study concludes that delays in procurement processes have led to instances of inadequacies in PPE and waste collection containers, causing cases of waste-related injuries. The study findings should inform policy formulation for effective source segregation of medical waste generated by healthcare facilities, thereby reducing associated injuries
Nutrition Quality of the Child Feeds and Child Feeding Practices of Children Aged Between 6 and 24 Months in Marsabit County, 2023
Get PDFChild feeding practices are considered one of the determinants of malnutrition in under-fives. Inadequate feeding practice is often a greater factor of malnutrition than lack of food. Globally, 1 in 3 children under five are not obtaining adequate nutrition and thus are not growing well. In ASAL regions of Kenya, the main driver of acute malnutrition is poor dietary intake coupled with inappropriate feeding practices. In Marsabit County, undernutrition prevalence varies in different sub-counties. There are areas where malnutrition is very high whereas other areas are relatively low. In the same setting, however, there are children with good health and nutritional status. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the nutrition quality of the child feeds used among children aged 6 to 24 months in Marsabit County. This study adopted an experimental design for laboratory analysis of the food samples. The snowballing technique was used to select 9 women groups with children aged 6-24 months for participatory assessment of child feeding practices. Focus Group Discussion guides were used to obtain qualitative data. A child food sample collection guide was used during the collection of child feeds for laboratory analysis. Univariate analysis was used to obtain the frequency distribution of nutrition quality of the child feeds. Laboratory analysis results on the nutrient content of child foods indicated high nutrient levels, especially for foods that have gone through fermentation, germination, roasting, drying, and frying processes. The study concludes that the nutritional quality of feeds has a significant effect on child-feeding practices in Marsabit County, Kenya. Based on the findings this study recommends that the Marsabit County government should promote traditional food processing methods, such as fermentation, germination, roasting, drying, and frying, through community nutrition programs to enhance the nutrient content of child foods. These programs should focus on educating mothers and caregivers on how to effectively apply these methods to local foods to improve their nutritional value
Enhancing Portal System Resilience with a Modified Lion Optimization Algorithm (MLOA) for Cyber Threat Detection
Get PDFThis research presents a novel cyber threat detection framework that integrates the Modified Lion Optimization Algorithm (MLOA) with a one-class classification approach to improve the resilience of portal systems against denial-of-service attacks, Man-in-the-Middle attacks, and data breaches. The proposed model enhances anomaly detection by optimizing decision boundaries in high-dimensional datasets, leveraging adaptive threshold tuning, dynamic feature selection, and real-time monitoring. Experimental evaluations demonstrate that the MLOA-based detection model significantly outperforms traditional clustering-based methods across varying levels of attack complexity. It achieves a recall of 0.97, accuracy of 0.98, precision of 0.96, and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) score of 0.97 for simple anomalies, while maintaining strong performance for moderate and complex anomalies, with recall values of 0.92 and 0.90 and ROC-AUC scores of 0.94 and 0.92. These findings validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in detecting zero-day attacks and evolving cybersecurity threats, offering a scalable, high-performance anomaly detection solution for modern portal systems. This study further establishes the practical application of nature-inspired optimization algorithms in cybersecurity, reinforcing the importance of AI-driven threat detection in protecting digital infrastructure