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Digital Transformation for E-learning at the Tertiary Level in Bangladesh: Prospects and Challenges
Get PDFIn the 21st century, Higher Education Institutions have prioritized digital shift as an apparent and essential process for their institutions. In the face of the growing importance and demands of digital incorporation into the classroom and examination process, the HEIs in Bangladesh continue to impart online education even after the pandemic. Having this backdrop, the present research aims to identify the challenges that the HEIs in Bangladesh are facing in implementing digitalization. Since the present study aims to respond to the research questions of a qualitative and quantitative nature, data collection and analysis techniques from both methodologies are implemented, and the Mixed Method Research approach has been chosen as the methodology of this research. The findings of the study show that due to digital transformation, HEIs in Bangladesh are facing a number of challenges. The major challenges are no strategic vision, policy, and legislative structure; inadequate digital literacy of all stakeholders; poor internet network; lack of outcome-based digital platform of teaching and learning; lack of digital campus network information security; financial constraints; inadequate technological support; data enablement solutions are limited; artificial intelligence is not fully functional; limited digital academic library facilities, etc. The study has proposed several suggestions to overcome the challenges. These are a strategic vision for digital transformation; modernization of the curriculum, Learning Management System (LMS), etc. It then puts forward a framework for “digital maturity” that higher education institutions (HEIs) can adopt to assess their existing digital strategies and enhance them by integrating various enterprises and methodologies
Bioinsecticide effect of Metarhizium anisopliae on termite pests Microtermes lepidus and Psammotermes hybostoma in the laboratory
Get PDFIn Senegal, several studies have shown the economic importance of termite damage to crops. Farmers use chemical methods that are dangerous for humans, animals, crops, soil, and environmental health. Thus, the use of entomopathogenic fungi would be an effective and environmentally eco-friendly alternative to chemical pesticide use. The objectives of this study are to i) carry out infestations in the laboratory, ii) determine the lethal time (TL50) and iii) observe the germination of spores on the corpses of these species. The methodology is based on i) the infestation of 10 workers of Microtermes lepidus and Psammotermes hybostoma with Metarhizium solutions, ii) the monitoring of mortalities, iii) the determination of the lethal time 50 (LT50) and iv) germination of spores on corpses.
For the determination of LT50, the concentrations of 1 g/L and 1.5 g/L gave an LT50 of less than one day in workers of Microtermes lepidus and Psammotermes hybostoma. For the concentration of 0.5 g/l, the LT50 is 2.5 days for workers of Psammotermes hybostoma and less than one day for those of Microtermes lepidus. Incubation revealed the appearance of spores on the cadavers, which were given a concentration of 0.5 g/l. This study shows that mortality is related to the concentration of the solution. The higher the concentration, the shorter the LT50 time. The bioinsecticidal effect of Metarhizium anisopliae is not immediate, resulting in an LT50 of 1 to 2 days depending on the species
Re-imagining the Role of Postgraduate Research towards a Research-Intensive University in Namibia
Get PDFThis paper explores the role of postgraduate research in contributing to and achieving a research-intensive university in Namibia, focusing on innovation and national development. Globally, research is widely recognized as a key driver of innovation and development, and universities play a crucial role in exposing students to research processes while researchers carry out research to address national challenges. However, to achieve innovation and contribute to national developmental goals, state funding is crucial for research activities in universities. According to Namibia's Vision 2030, which outlines a goal of becoming an industrialized society with healthy, empowered, innovative, confident, and determined citizens, research is seen as a key factor in driving national progress. The Ministry of Higher Education has developed policies to enable strong research and innovation systems, while universities have adopted policies to promote research for innovation and development. Despite these policies and endeavors, University of Namibia (UNAM) is ranked 16th out of the top 100 universities in Africa and falls short in international research and publication rankings. Therefore, this paper aims to address the following objectives: (a) to understand UNAM’s strategies for promoting research for innovation and national development, (b) to conceptualize research-intensive universities, (c) to analyze UNAM’s research policies and funding opportunities, and (d) to assess the role of postgraduate research in achieving a research-intensive university in Namibia. This conceptual paper's main goal is to investigate UNAM’s ideas on postgraduate research's role in becoming a research-intensive institution and its benefits to creativity and economic growth. This approach enables a discourse that can lead to a potential research framework that may assist UNAM’s efforts to establish a research-intensive university environment, to contribute towards the realisation of Namibia’s National Development Goals
Integrated Marketing Communication Mix Elements and Adoption of a Sports Culture: The Case of Academic Staff of Chartered Public Universities in Nairobi City County, Kenya
Get PDFAdoption of a sports culture occurs when people make sports be part of their lives. This study investigated the mediating role of lifestyle habits and the moderating role of socio-ecological factors in the relationship between the integrated marketing communication mix elements and adoption of a sports culture among academic staff of chartered public universities in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The inquiry was based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), communication theory, Attention-Interest-Desire-Action (AIDA) model, and the diffusion of innovation theory. The realism paradigm and a descriptive survey research design were used for the study. The researchers sampled 372 academic staff members from five chartered public universities based in Nairobi City County using stratified random sampling. Binomial logistic regression was used in the data analysis since the dependent variable was categorical in nature. The study established that integrated marketing communication mix elements predicted the adoption of a sports culture, with lifestyle habits mediating and socio-ecological factors moderating the relationship between integrated marketing communication mix elements and adoption of a sports culture by the academic staff members of the identified institutions. The study recommends that managers of health-promoting sports clubs should consider the integrated marketing communication mix elements, lifestyle habits, and the socio-ecological factors when designing their communication programs
Optimisation de la germination de cinq semences d’essences de la forêt en dégradation Haut-Sassandra (Cote d’Ivoire)
Get PDFLa présente étude a été réalisée sur des semences appartenant à 5 essences commerciales à germination difficile en Forêt Classée du Haut-Sassandra dans le Centre Ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire en vue de faciliter leur domestication. Pour ce faire, les fruits de Chrysophyllum giganteum, Morus mesozygia, Nauclea diderrichii, Pycnanthus angolensis et Sterculia rhinopetala ont été collectées et leurs paramètres morphophysiologiques ont été évalués en plus de leur pouvoir germinatif. Relativement au pouvoir, les facteurs évalués sont le type de semence (Fruit entier, graine fraiche, graine sèche) et l’enceinte (Hangar, ombrière, Air libre). Ainsi, la teneur en eau ainsi que le taux de pureté des graines fraiches ont été moins élevés chez Nauclea diderrichii. En ce concerne la germination les valeurs ont été meilleures avec les semences sous la forme de graines fraiches. L’enceinte de germination a eu un effet notable sur le nombre de graines fraiches germés avec des taux plus élevés sous le hangar et l’ombrière. Il ressort que la meilleure semence de multiplication est la graine fraiche et l’enceinte idéale, un hangar ou une ombrière.
The present study was carried out on seeds belonging to 5 commercial species with hard germination in the listed forest of the upper Haut-Sassandra region in west-central Côte d'Ivoire, with a view to facilitating their domestication. To this end, the fruits of Chrysophyllum giganteum, Morus mesozygia, Nauclea diderrichii, Pycnanthus angolensis, and Sterculia rhinopetala were collected, and their morphophysiological parameters were assessed in addition to their germination potential. Concerning germination capacity, the factors investigated were seed type (whole fruit, fresh seed, dry seed) and environment (shed, shade house, open air). Thus, the water content and purity rate of fresh seeds were lower in Nauclea diderrichii. Germination values were better with fresh seed. The germination environment had a significant effect on the number of fresh seeds germinated, with higher rates in the shed and the shade house. This shows that for these forest species, the best seed form for multiplication is fresh seed, and the ideal environment, a shed or a shadehouse
The Impact of the CLT Approach in Developing English Language Skills among Saudi EFL Students: Students' Perceptions
Get PDFThis study examines Saudi EFL students’ perceptions of the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach and its impact on developing the four core English skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Using a qualitative research design, data were collected via semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with 30 purposively sampled participants from Taif University, representing diverse educational backgrounds and regions (urban and rural). Thematic analysis was employed to uncover key patterns in the data. The findings reveal that CLT significantly enhanced students’ engagement and fluency, particularly in listening and speaking. However, challenges such as insufficient teacher preparedness, resource disparities between urban and rural settings, and linguistic anxiety were identified. STEM students demonstrated higher acceptance of CLT, likely due to their familiarity with interactive learning, whereas rural students faced more difficulties adapting to the student-centered approach. To address these challenges, the study underscores the necessity of comprehensive teacher training programs, curriculum reforms incorporating digital tools, and strategies to alleviate students’ linguistic anxiety. Future research should explore the long-term effects of CLT implementation and the potential of blended learning approaches within Saudi EFL contexts
Colectomie: indications et résultats dans un hôpital de référence du Niger
Get PDFIntroduction : La colectomie est une technique operatoire qui consiste à la résection d’une portion ou de la totalitée du colon. Elle est indiquée pour plusieurs pathologies coliques à savoir le carcinome colorectal, le volvulus du colon pelvien, la polypose adénomateuse et les cancers coliques dont les plus fréquents sont :dont les plus fréquents sont : le volvulus du colon pelvien suivis des tumeurs et invaginations. Objectifs : Rapporter les indications ainsi que les résultats de la colectomie à l’Hôpital Général de Référence de Niamey. Patients et méthodes : Il s’agissait d’une étude rétrospective monocentrique allant du 1er janvier 2020 au mois de Juillet 2024, soit une période de 5 ans. Tous les patients admis dans les services de chirurgie générale de l’HGR pour qui une colectomie a été indiquée et réalisée pendant la période de notre étude. Notre étude s’est portée sur 27 patients. Résultats : Nous avons recensé au cours de notre étude 27 cas de colectomie, le sexe masculin était le plus fréquent soit 77,78% des cas. La moyenne d’âge était de 50, 74 ans avec des extrême de 18 et 78 ans, la mode était de 66 ans et l’Ecart type de 14,54. La tranche d’âge 45-59 était majoritaire avec 14 cas soit 51,85%. La douleur abdominale était le signe fonctionnel le plus fréquent avec 51,85 %. Dans notre étude 15 patients avaient réalisé un bilan d’extension tumoral soit 55,56% des cas. La localisation sur le colon sigmoïde à la coloscopie était la plus fréquente soit 11,11%. En période préopératoire la tumeur sigmoïdienne et le volvulus du colon sigmoïde étaient les diagnostics les plus suspectés soit 18,52% pour chacun. Une grande partie de nos patients était classée ASA 1 soit 74,07% des cas. La majorité des patients avait bénéficié d’une laparotomie soit 70,4% des cas. L’hemicolectomie droite était, la plus réalisée (40,74%) suivie de la sigmoïdectomie (29,63%). L’infection du site opératoire était la complication la plus fréquente soit 14,81% des cas. La suite opératoire était simple dans 62,98% des cas. La mortalité péri-opératoire était de 3,70% des cas. Conclusion : La colectomie est un geste chirurgicale simple dont les indications sont nombreuses dominées par les volvulus du colon et les cancers du colon.
Introduction: Colectomy is a surgical technique that involves the resection of a portion or all of the colon. It is indicated for several colonic pathologies, namely colorectal carcinoma, pelvic colon volvulus, adenomatous polyposis, and colon cancers, the most common of which are pelvic colon volvulus, followed by tumors and intussusceptions. Objectives: To report the indications and results of colectomy at the Niamey General Reference Hospital. Patients and Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective study from January 1, 2020, to July 2024, a period of 5 years. All patients admitted to the general surgery departments of the Niamey General Reference Hospital for whom colectomy was indicated were included during the study period. Our study included 27 patients. Results: We identified 27 cases of colectomy during our study, the male gender was the most frequent, either 77.78% of cases. The average age was 50, 74 years, with extremes of 18 and 78 years, the mode was 66 years and the standard deviation was 14.54. The age group 45-59 was the majority with 14 cases or 51.85%. Abdominal pain was the most frequent functional sign, with 51.85%. In our study, 15 patients had undergone a tumor extension assessment either 55.56% of cases. The location on the sigmoid colon at colonoscopy was the most frequent, either 11.11%. In the preoperative period, the sigmoid tumor and the volvulus of the sigmoid colon were the most suspected diagnoses, either 18.52% for each. A large proportion of our patients were classified as ASA 1, or 74.07% of cases. The majority of patients underwent laparotomy, either 70.4% of cases. Right hemicolectomy was the most commonly performed (40.74%), followed by sigmoidectomy (29.63%). Surgical site infection was the most common complication, either 14.81% of cases. The postoperative course was simple in 62.98% of cases. Perioperative mortality was 3.70% of cases. Conclusion: Colectomy is a simple surgical procedure with numerous indications, primarily colon volvulus and colon cancer
Effet du climat du travail sur le bien-être psychologique et la détresse psychologique des fonctionnaires pénitentiaires
Get PDFL’objectif de cette étude est de montrer le rôle du climat de travail sur la santé psychologique des fonctionnaires pénitentiaires. Il s’agit d’une étude qui s’inspire du modèle prédictif de la santé psychologique au travail de Boudrias et al. (2011, 2014), du modèle de mesure bidimensionnel de la santé psychologiaue au travail, qui traite cette dernière en fonction de ses manifestations positives et négatives (i.e., bien-être psychologique au travail, détresse psychologique au travail) (Gilbert et al. 2011) et des travaux de recherche antérieurs dans ce domaine. (e.g., Bakker & Demerouti., 2014 ; Desrumaux et al. 2015 ; Khaoudi, 2020 ; Thierrault et al., 2014). L’enquête est réalisée à travers un questionnaire auto-rapporté comportant des échelles de mesure des variables en question auprès de 1066 fonctionnaires pénitentiaires œuvrant dans 26 prisons de quatre régions du Maroc (i.e., Rabat-Salé-Kenitra, Casablanca-Settat, Fès-Meknès, Marrakech-Safi). Les résultats montrent que le climat du travail favorise le bien-être psychologique et atténue la détresse psychologique des fonctionnaires pénitentiaires. Les résultats sont discutés à la lumière du modèle prédictif de la santé psychologique au travail (Boudrias et al., 2011, 2014) et des travaux de recherche antérieurs mentionnés précédemment.
The aim of this study is to show the role of work demands (i.e. workload, emotional load, violence at work) on the psychological health of prison officers. It draws on the predictive model of psychological health at work by Boudrias et al. (2011, 2014), the two-dimensional measurement model of psychological health at work, which treats the latter in terms of its positive and negative manifestations (i.e., psychological well-being at work, psychological distress at work) (Gilbert et al. 2011) and previous research in this area. (e.g., Azouaghe, 2019; Bakker & Demerouti., 2014; Desrumaux et al. 2015; Khaoudi, 2020; Thierrault et al., 2014). The survey was conducted by means of a self-reported questionnaire including scales for measuring the variables in question among 1066 prison officers working in 26 prisons in four regions of Morocco (i.e., Rabat-Salé-Kenitra, Casablanca-Settat, Fès-Meknès, Marrakech-Safi). Analysis of the results shows that prison officers who experience work demands report a low level of psychological well-being at work and a high level of psychological distress at work. The results are discussed in light of the predictive model of psychological health at work (Boudrias et al., 2011, 2014) and the previous research mentioned above
Oral Literature and Globalization: The Case of Mbum Land
Get PDFIn Cameroonian societies like elsewhere in Africa, people narrate their history of origin linked to myths and legends. Mbum history of ancestry have been written using oral tradition as the memories of the past are embedded in the songs, folktales and proverbs of the people. The work explores the multi-faceted relationship between oral literature and globalization, examining how globalization impacts the preservation, adaptation and cross-cultural exchange of the Mbum oral tradition. While Globalization poses challenges to the authenticity and continuity of the Wimbum oral literature, it also presents opportunities for revitalization and wider dissemination, and it is built around the contention that, while oral literature is rooted in the people’s cultural practices, its only medium of transmission is by word of mouth. Ethno-criticism and cultural materialism have been used in understanding and navigating the complex dynamics between oral literature and globalization. The intersection of oral literature and globalization in Wimbum land presents both challenges and opportunities for the preservation and promotion of Wimbum cultural heritage, thus the questions: What challenges does oral literature face in the era of globalization? How can oral literature be preserved so as to continue to serve in the globalized era? How effective are folklore in the face of these global threats? What strategies can be put in place for survival of Mbum Oral tradition? These researchers went to the field, collected and analyzed the effectiveness of some folklore elements (folktales, proverbs, and folksongs) as communicative tools. The findings revealed that, the continuity of the performance of Mbum oral literature has changed and its aesthetic qualities have been innovated due to the effects of globalization
Replantation digitale sans anastomose microvasculaire : à propos de trois cas
Get PDFObjectif : décrire la technique et les résultats de trois replantations digitales sans anastomose microvasculaire réalisées dans notre service. Méthodes : Il s’est agi d’une étude descriptive à collecte rétrospective de trois cas de réimplantations digitales chez deux patients reçus et traités au service de Chirurgie du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Régional de Ouahigouya et à la clinique El Fateh SUKA de Ouagadougou. Nous y avons décrit les lésions, la procédure chirurgicale et les résultats obtenus. Résultats : Nous avons rapporté les résultats de la prise en charge de trois cas d’amputation pulpaire chez deux patients. L’amputation siégeait en zone 3 sur le médius et l’annulaire gauche chez un élève de 10 ans, et sur le médius gauche en zone 4 de DAUTEL chez un patient de 40 ans. La replantation après parage et suture directe a été réalisée sur les trois doigts avec embrochage axial complémentaire chez l’enfant de 10 ans. L’appareil unguéal a été conservé de même que la sensibilité pulpaire sur les trois doigts avec des doigts fonctionnels et des patients satisfaits des résultats. Conclusion : La replantation digitale sans anastomose microvasculaire, surtout distale a donné des résultats satisfaisants et mérite d’être tentée autant que faire se peut. Les complications infectieuses doivent être jugulées, la nécrose partielle doit être surveillée pour permettre d’obtenir un meilleur résultat anatomique et fonctionnel satisfaisant.
Objective: To describe the technique and results of three digital replantations without microvascular anastomosis performed in our department. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study of three cases of digital replantation in two patients who received and were treated at the Surgery Department of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Régional de Ouahigouya and at the El Fateh SUKA clinic in Ouagadougou. We describe the lesions, the surgical procedure, and the results obtained. Results: We report the results of three cases of pulpal amputation in two patients. The amputation was located in zone 3 on the left median and ring finger in a 10-year-old student, and on the left median in DAUTEL zone 4 in a 40-year-old patient. Replantation after trimming and direct suturing was performed on all three fingers, with additional axial pinning in the 10-year-old child. The nail apparatus was preserved, as was pulpal sensitivity on all three fingers, with functional fingers, and patients were satisfied with the results. Conclusion: Finger replantation without microvascular anastomosis, especially distal, has produced satisfactory results and deserves to be attempted wherever possible. Infectious complications must be kept at bay, and partial necrosis must be monitored to ensure the best possible anatomical and functional outcome