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Analyses de la Mise en Æuvre des Stratégies de Lutte contre les Feux de Brousse dans le District d’Ihosy, Région Ihorombe, Madagascar
Get PDFLes feux de brousse à Madagascar engendrent un phénomène répétitif et contribuent à la destruction de la richesse floristique et faunistique de la végétation. Le présent article se penche sur l'efficacité des stratégies de lutte contre les feux de brousse mises en œuvre dans le district d'Ihosy, situé dans la région Ihorombe. L'objectif principal est de déterminer les différentes stratégies de lutte contre les feux appliquées dans le district d’Ihosy et de pouvoir évaluer la performance des mesures adoptées pour prévenir et combattre les incendies de brousse dans ce district étudié. La méthodologie de cette étude implique une évaluation approfondie des initiatives actuelles, des politiques en place et des actions concrètes déployées pour faire face aux feux de brousse. Des données quantitatives et qualitatives sont collectées afin de mesurer l'impact des interventions sur la fréquence et l'intensité des incendies, ainsi que sur la préservation de la biodiversité locale. De façon typique, des enquêtes et des observations directes ont été réalisés sur le terrain. Sur ce, l’analyse des différentes stratégies de lutte préventive, active, communication et répression ont prouvé l’efficacité de cette lutte. Selon les observations directes et les données collectées sur le terrain, la diminution des incendies par rapport aux années précédentes est fortement liée à l’action participative et l’implication des acteurs des populations locales dans la lutte contre les feux de brousse. Certes les villageois constituent l’élément de base de la lutte mais, le budget alloué et les actions de lutte préventives des différentes zones d’actions sont nécessaires pour le succès de la lutte contre les feux de brousse à travers les sensibilisations et la mise en place des différents acteurs de lutte contre les feux dans chaque localité. En conclusion, cette analyse vise à contribuer à l'amélioration continue des pratiques de lutte contre les feux de brousse, en mettant en lumière les réussites à capitaliser et les domaines à améliorer dans le contexte spécifique d'Ihosy, dans la région Ihorombe, à Madagascar.
The bushfires in Madagascar give rise to a repetitive phenomenon and contribute to the destruction of the floristic and faunistic richness of the vegetation. This article examines the effectiveness of bushfire control strategies implemented in the Ihosy district, located in the Ihorombe region. The main objective is to determine the different bushfire control strategies applied in the Ihosy district and to be able to assess the performance of measures adopted to prevent and combat bushfires in this studied district. The methodology of this study involves a thorough evaluation of current initiatives, existing policies, and concrete actions deployed to address bushfires. Quantitative and qualitative data are collected to measure the impact of interventions on the frequency and intensity of fires, as well as on the preservation of local biodiversity. Typically, surveys and direct observations have been conducted in the field. Thus, the analysis of different preventive, active, communication, and repression strategies has proven the effectiveness of this fight. According to direct observations and data collected in the field, the decrease in fires compared to previous years is strongly linked to participatory action and the involvement of actors from local populations in the fight against bushfires. Certainly, villagers constitute the basic element of the fight, but the allocated budget and preventive actions in different areas of action are necessary for the success of the fight against bushfires through awareness-raising and the establishment of various firefighting actors in each locality. In conclusion, this analysis aims to contribute to the continuous improvement of bushfire fighting practices, by highlighting successes to capitalize on and areas for improvement in the specific context of Ihosy, in the Ihorombe region, Madagascar
The Impact of Credit Rating Adjustments on Bond Spreads: Evidence from China
Get PDFGiven the critical role of credit ratings in signaling issuer creditworthiness and influencing investor behavior, this paper aims to elucidate how adjustments in these ratings affect bond market spreads. Utilizing a comprehensive dataset spanning from 2016 to 2022, this research focuses on the Chinese bond market. Through regression analysis and heterogeneity tests, the findings reveal that credit rating adjustments significantly influence bond spreads, with upgrades narrowing spreads and downgrades widening them. Additionally, adjustments related to external support and firm performance also affect spreads, highlighting the importance of managing credit ratings for issuers. Overall, this study offers insights for investors, issuers, regulators, and academics, providing a better understanding of the dynamics between credit rating adjustments and bond pricing in China’s bond market, with implications for financial stability and economic development
Navigating the Digital Frontier: A Literature Review on Business Digitalization
Get PDFThe rise of digital technology has compelled organizations to undergo significant changes or, at the very least, reassess their operational strategies. Many major corporations have poured significant financial resources into what is commonly referred to as "Digitalization." Digitalization, the integration of digital technologies into various aspects of life and business, has revolutionized industries across the globe, but even if Digitalization offers numerous benefits, including increased efficiency, innovation, and improved customer experiences, it also presents challenges such as security risks, the digital divide, technological dependency, and ethical considerations. The objective of our article is to present a literature review on digitalization and provide an overview of the notable constraints and obstacles associated with digitalization and its advancement. The literature review concerning digitalization was conducted through a systematic search across various research databases and platforms including but not limited to ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and ACM Digital Library. Articles, research papers, books, and conference proceedings published between 2012 and 2024 were considered for inclusion in the review. Synthesizing and analyzing information from various publications and authors revealed a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and opportunities associated with digitalization. The results highlighted common themes such as security risks, the digital divide, technological dependency, ethical considerations, and the demand for digital resources. Additionally, the review identified key strategies for addressing these challenges and leveraging digital technologies for positive societal impact
Characterization of the Ngouache Landslide by Geotechnical Survey (Bafoussam, Cameroon)
Get PDFThe heavy rainfall during the night of October 28-29, 2019, caused a landslide in the Ngouache 4 neighborhood in Bafoussam in the West Cameroon region. This landslide caused 43 deaths, several missing persons and the destruction of several houses and plantations. The present investigation attempts to find the causesof this landslide. First, the landslide area was identified and heavy dynamic penetrometer surveys were conducted. Next, intact and reworked samples were taken and, finally, slopes were measured on the slide area to determine the soil parameters. The results of the heavy dynamic penetrometer showed the presence of altered clay layers which, when saturated, exert hydrostatic pressure and unbalance the soil. The granulometric analysis noted a soil with more than 50% of grains of ϕ>80µm with liquidity limits between (50-65.3%), a consistency index between (1.01-1.24), a low cohesion between (0.22-0.30 bars) for a high internal friction angle (20.72°-23.86°), slopes between 48° and 56° and a degree of saturation Sr between (80.5° and 139.9°). These characteristics associated with the large water columns of the night of October 28 to 29, 2019 demonstrated that the water had exerted a hydrostatic pressure having made the clay material reach the limit of plasticity to the creep and raised the level of the water table. Thistherefore promoted the saturation of the substrate yet the increase in the water content reduces the cohesion of the materials and that triggered the saturation at the origin of this deadly slide. The results of the present research may help the public authorities in the decision making regarding the characterization and the securing of risk zones
Aprendizaje Activo en la Educación Superior Como Enfoque Pedagógico
Get PDFEl aprendizaje activo es un enfoque educativo que implica la participación activa y directa de los estudiantes en su proceso de aprendizaje. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar el papel del aprendizaje activo en la educación superior como enfoque pedagógico del docente de la Facultad de Contaduría y Administración de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua. El método de la investigación fue analítico-sintético, siendo un trabajo de campo con apoyo bibliográfico, con un muestreo aleatorio probabilístico. La variable evaluada fue el aprendizaje activo en la educación superior desde un enfoque pedagógico. Los principales resultados indican que los docentes con mayor antigüedad laboral, utilizan las herramientas de aprendizaje activo, principalmente el trabajo en equipo, aprendizaje basado en problemas, aprendizaje basado en proyectos, así como el aprendizaje en línea y plataformas virtuales. Los docentes de menor edad y menor estabilidad laboral utilizan además el aprendizaje basado en retos, pero dan menor importancia al trabajo en equipo. El sexo, la edad y la modalidad de enseñanza (presencial o virtual) no inciden de manera diferenciada en el uso de las herramientas de aprendizaje activo. Se puede afirmar que, al estar de acuerdo en la implementación de las herramientas de aprendizaje activo, los docentes consideran apropiado este enfoque pedagógico.
Active learning is an educational approach that involves the active and direct participation of students in their learning process. The objective of the research was to analyze the role of active learning in higher education as a pedagogical approach of the faculty members of the Facultad de Contaduría y Administración de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua. The research method was analytical-synthetic, involving fieldwork with bibliographic support and using a probabilistic random sampling. The evaluated variable was active learning in higher education from a pedagogical perspective. The main results indicate that teachers with more seniority use active learning tools, mainly teamwork, problem-based learning, project-based learning, as well as online learning and virtual platforms. Younger and contractor teachers also use challenge-based learning, but they give less importance to teamwork. Gender, age, and the mode of teaching (in-person or virtual) do not have a differentiated impact on the use of active learning tools. It can be affirmed that, by agreeing on the implementation of active learning tools, teachers consider this pedagogical approach appropriate
The Public Value of E-government: A Qualitative Study from the Perspective of Private-Sector Professionals in Morocco
Get PDFThis paper focuses on assessing the public value of e-government in Morocco, using Delone and Mclean's (2016) Information Systems (IS) success model as a reference framework. The methodology is based on a qualitative exploratory study involving 13 companies, including law firms, architecture firms, and real estate developers firms. An interview guide was designed to collect data, which were analyzed using Nvivo Qsr 12 software. The analysis identified six variables, namely: "Human Capital, Telecommunication Infrastructure, Willingness to Use, State Strategy, Continuous Education, and Culture," which were added to the seven predetermined variables of the Delone and Mclean (2016) IS Success Model. This research outlines practical implications that are essential for the long-term success of e-government initiatives in Morocco. These include investing in skills development, effectively communicating the benefits of e-government, promoting collaboration between the public and private sectors, recognizing organizational culture, putting mechanisms in place to measure performance and user satisfaction, as well as making adjustments to organizational processes and rigorously managing data security. On a political level, these adjustments underline the importance of a coherent government strategy, which focuses on strengthening human capital and telecommunications infrastructures, in order to promote a successful digital transformation and achieve the objectives of trust, transparency, and efficiency in public services
Estrategias de Afrontamiento del Personal de Enfermería ante la Muerte
Get PDFIntroducción. Las estrategias de afrontamiento son herramientas que las personas utilizan para hacer frente a situaciones específicas, el personal de enfermería al igual que otros profesionales de la salud, están constantemente en contacto con la muerte debido al fallecimiento del paciente y emplean determinadas estrategias para sobrellevarlo. Objetivo. Describir las estrategias de afrontamiento del personal de enfermería del Hospital General Regional N°1 de Querétaro ante la muerte, mediante el uso de un instrumento para generar evidencia científica que permita a la institución, posteriormente, ofrecer estrategias al personal de enfermería para afrontarla y mejorar su calidad de vida. Metodología. Estudio cuantitativo, de nivel descriptivo y transversal. El universo de trabajo fue el personal de enfermería y la muestra probabilística de 250 sujetos fue determinada mediante la fórmula para población finita. Se aplicó la Escala de modos de afrontamiento de Lazarus y Folkman (1984) y se cuidaron los principios éticos de la investigación. Resultados. La edad media de los participantes es de 39.3 años + con un rango de 24 a 63 años; el 81% son mujeres; el 47% tienen estudios de nivel licenciatura; las principales estrategias de afrontamiento son: 1) crecimiento emocional, 2) distanciamiento y 3) planificación. Conclusiones. El crecimiento emocional prevalece como la principal estrategia de afrontamiento utilizada, cabe destacar que no se hace uso únicamente de una estrategia, de hecho, se utiliza más de una para poder afrontar aquellas situaciones de pérdida que se generan en el personal de enfermería.
Introduction. Coping strategies are tools that people use to deal with specific situations. Nursing staff, like other health professionals, are constantly in contact with death due to the death of the patient and use certain strategies to cope. Aim. Describe the coping strategies of the nursing staff at the Regional General Hospital No. 1 of Querétaro in the face of death, through the use of an instrument to generate scientific evidence that allows the institution to subsequently offer strategies to the nursing staff to confront it and improve. their quality of life. Methodology. Quantitative, descriptive and transversal study. The working universe was the nursing staff and the probabilistic sample of 250 subjects was determined using the formula for finite population. The Lazarus and Folkman (1984) Coping Modes Scale was applied and the ethical principles of the research were taken into account. Results. The average age of the participants is 39.3 + years with a range of 24 to 63 years; 81% are women; 47% have bachelor's level studies; The main coping strategies are: 1) emotional growth, 2) distancing and 3) planning. Conclusions. Emotional growth prevails as the main coping strategy used. It should be noted that not only one strategy is used, in fact, more than one is used to be able to face those situations of loss that arise in nursing staff
Situación de la conciliación laboral y familiar en las PYMES de servicios de la ciudad de Escárcega
Get PDFEn la sociedad actual, la conciliación entre el trabajo y la vida familiar se ha convertido en un asunto esencial para los empleados de un establecimiento. La creciente necesidad de equilibrio entre la vida laboral y familiar ha motivado a numerosas compañías a revisar sus políticas y métodos para satisfacer las demandas de su personal. El objetivo de la investigación es evaluar las condiciones de la conciliación laboral y familiar en las PYMES de servicios en la ciudad de Escárcega buscando analizar las prácticas y políticas implementadas por las empresas para facilitar el equilibrio entre el trabajo y la vida familiar de sus empleados. Para ello se empleo un metodo tipo descriptivo basada en un enfoque cuantitativo, cabe mencionar que esta investigacion se recolectó a base de un cuestionario en el cual se empleo la escala de valoración de Likert, que de tal manera se aplicó a un total de 220 empresas, indicando que las empresas de servicios encuestadas cuentan con una flexibilidad de acuerdo a jornadas de trabajo, permisos razonables, actividades integradoras con familias de trabajadores, entre otras.
In today's society, the balance between work and family life has become an essential issue for employees of an establishment. The growing need for work-life balance has motivated numerous companies to review their policies and methods to meet the demands of their staff. The objective of the research is to evaluate the conditions of work-life balance in service SMEs in the city of Escárcega, seeking to analyze the practices and policies implemented by companies to facilitate the balance between work and family life for their employees. For this purpose, a descriptive method based on a quantitative approach was used. It is worth mentioning that this research was collected based on a questionnaire in which the Likert rating scale was used, which in this way was applied to a total of 220 companies, indicating that the service companies surveyed have flexibility according to work hours, reasonable permits, integrated activities with workers' families, among others
Le plafonnement de carrière : source de stress au travail dans les grandes entreprises au Cameroun
Get PDFCette étude montre les effets du plafonnement de carrière sur les manifestations de stress professionnel des employés dans les grandes entreprises camerounaises. Une enquête par questionnaire a été réalisée auprès de 291 employés de ces entreprises. L’analyse descriptive a permis de montrer les spécificités du plafonnement de carrière dans les grandes entreprises camerounaises. Le test de corrélation de Pearson effectué a permis d’aboutir aux résultats montrant que le plafonnement de carrière dans les grandes entreprises camerounaises n’a pas un effet systématique sur toutes les facettes du stress professionnel. Toutefois, ceux qui sont subjectivement plafonnés ont une perception négative de la réalité, sont très anxieux au sujet de leur avenir dans l’entreprise, ont des vertiges au travail et ont tendance à s’isoler. Nous recommandons aux dirigeants de ces entreprises de favoriser l’employabilité des personnes plafonnés ; de donner une place importante au suivi-évaluation des pratiques de gestion des carrières implémentées dans leurs entreprises et enfin, d’organiser régulièrement des séminaires d’information et de formation sur la gestion des carrières au sein de l’entreprise.
This study shows the consequences of career plateauing on the professional stress experienced by large companies in Cameroon employees. A questionnaire survey of 291 employees of these companies was conducted. Descriptive analysis revealed the specific characteristics of career plateauing in large Cameroonian companies. The Pearson correlation test showed that career plateauing in large Cameroonian companies does not systematically affect all manifestations of work-related stress. However, those who feel blocked in their progress have a negative perception of reality, are very anxious about their future in the company, feel dizzy at work and tend to isolate themselves. We recommend that the managers of these companies promote the employability of people with ceilings; give an essential place to the monitoring and evaluation of the career management practices implemented in their companies; and finally, organise regular information and training seminars on career management within the company
Conocimiento del Anticonceptivo de Emergencia O “Píldora del Día Siguiente”, en Estudiantes Universitarios
Get PDFIntroducción. Un embarazo no deseado se ha convertido en un grave problema de salud pública, el cual está estrechamente relacionado con una deficiente educación sexual, adopción de conductas sexuales de riesgo y poco conocimiento de los métodos anticonceptivos de emergencia. Objetivo. Determinar el nivel de conocimiento que tienen los jóvenes universitarios sobre el uso de la píldora del día siguiente, mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario, con la finalidad de tener un referente actual del fenómeno. Metodología. Estudio transversal, descriptivo, se trabajó con 308 estudiantes de la Facultad de Derecho y Química, de una universidad pública. Muestreo fue por conveniencia. Se consideraron alumnos cuyas parejas sexuales fueran del sexo contrario o bien, ambos y que tuvieran vida sexual activa, de quienes se obtuvo consentimiento verbal. Análisis de datos mediante estadística descriptiva usando el programa EXCEL y SPSS. Resultados. Se tuvieron 210 cuestionarios de la Facultad de Derecho y 98 de Química. 58% de los jóvenes fueron mujeres. Del total de participantes, 264 respondieron a la pregunta de si han usado alguna vez la pastilla. De estos, 77.3% sí han recurrido a ella desde que iniciaron su vida sexual. Con respecto al nivel de conocimientos, los alumnos de Derecho, tuvieron 30% de conocimiento regular y malo y en Química 30.6%. Con respecto al género, 31% de los datos erróneos, fueron de las mujeres y 40% de los varones. Conclusiones. Un alto porcentaje de alumnos han usado este medicamento, por lo que es necesario reforzar los conocimientos sobre su correcto uso.
Introduction. Unwanted pregnancies have become a serious public health problem, which is closely related to poor sexual education, adoption of risky sexual behaviors and little knowledge of emergency contraceptive methods. Objective. To determine the level of knowledge that young university students have about the use of the morning-after pill, through the application of a questionnaire, in order to have a current frame of reference about this phenomenon. Methodology. Cross-sectional, descriptive study. We worked with 308 students from the College of Law and Chemistry of a public university. We used convenience sampling. We considered students whose sexual partners were of the opposite or same sex, and who were sexually active, and their verbal consent was obtained. Data analysis was conducted through descriptive statistics using EXCEL and the SPSS program. Results. 210 questionnaires were obtained from the College of Law and 98 from Chemistry. 58% of the participants were women. Of the total participants, 264 responded to the question of whether they had ever used the pill. Of these, 77.3% indicated they have resorted to it since they became sexually active. Regarding the level of knowledge, 30% of Law students had average and poor knowledge, and Chemistry students 30.6%. Regarding gender, 31% of those with no knowledge of the pill were women and 40% were men. Conclusion. A high percentage of students have used this medication, so it is necessary to reinforce knowledge about its correct use