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Vers une culture durable de l’algue rouge Gracilaria gracilis en Tunisie
Get PDFObjectifs : Ce travail a pour objectifs l’étude de l’effet de l’intensité lumineuse et de la photopériode sur la croissance de l’algue rouge Gracilaria gracilis au laboratoire et après transplantation dans la lagune de Bizerte, la détermination du rendement d’agar et l’évaluation de sa qualité. Méthodologie et résultats : Une culture expérimentale au laboratoire a été réalisée sur des boutures ayant un poids initial d’environ1 g, sous différentes intensités lumineuses et photopériodes. Après 10 semaines, les boutures ont été transplantées dans la lagune de Bizerte. Au bout de deux mois, l’extraction de l’agar-agar a été effectuée sur les algues cultivées. Les principaux résultats ont montré que la croissance optimale des boutures cultivées au laboratoire a été obtenue sous l’intensité lumineuse 1500 Lux et la photopériode16 h : 8h (lumière/obscurité) (4,55±1,20g). Après leur transplantation, le poids des touffes d’algues a varié entre150 g et 800 g. Le rendement d’extraction d’agar-agar a fluctué entre 14 % et 15 % du poids sec. La force de gel maximale a atteint 190 g cm-2. Le point de gélification et le point de fusion ont varié entre 38°C et 45 °C et 78°C et 97 °C, respectivement. Conclusion et application des résultats : Les résultats obtenus permettraient l’intensification de la culture des boutures en laboratoire, puis leur transplantation en milieu naturel. Ainsi, les biomasses des algues cultivées peuvent être augmentées, les stocks naturels et la biodiversité y est liée, le tout préservé. En outre, la phycoculture permettrait l’extraction de différents produits d’intérêt, en particulier les phycocolloides, tels que l’agar-agar, les pigments, tels que la R-phycoérythrine et autres métabolites secondaires, etc. De cette façon, une assise d’économie durable à base d’algoculture et qui respecte en même temps l’environnement, pourrait être fondée en Tunisie.
Objectives: This study aims at providing information on the effect of light intensity and photoperiod on the growth of the red alga Gracilaria gracilis in the laboratory and after the transplantation in Bizerte lagoon, agar yield, and quality. Methodology and results: A cultivation trial was undertaken on cuttings/fragments (1g each) in the laboratory under different light intensities and photoperiods. After 10 weeks of cultivation period, the cuttings have been transplanted in Bizerte lagoon. After the cultivation period, agar was extracted to evaluate its yield and quality. Results showed that the optimal growth in the laboratory was recorded with 1500 Lux and a photoperiod of 16 h: 8h (Light/dark cycle) (4, 55±1,20g). After transplantation of the cuttings, the weight of seaweeds ranged from 150 g to 800 g after 2 months of cultivation. Agar yield ranged from 14 % to 15 % of dry weight. Gel strength reached 190 g.cm-2. Gelling temperature and melting temperature varied between 38°C and 45°C and 78°C and 97 °C, respectively. Conclusion and application of results: Results obtained may allow the intensification of cuttings cultivation in the laboratory and then after the transplantation in a natural medium to increase the biomass of farmed seaweeds, on the one hand, to avoid the breakdown of wild stocks, and to preserve the biodiversity of the ecosystem, on the other hand. Moreover, seaweed cultivation may allow the extraction of several interesting products, especially the phycocolloids, such as agar-agar, pigments, such as the R-phycoerythrine, and other secondary metabolites. Thus, a sustainable eco-friendly economic seating of seaweed farming could be founded in Tunisia
Public-private partnership and economic growth in Morocco: An empirical análisis
Get PDFPublic-private partnerships (PPPs) have emerged as an innovative investment model for infrastructure projects. Introduced in Morocco during the 1990s, PPPs have since become an important element of the country's economic development strategy, in order to stimulate economic development and address infrastructure challenges. Our paper aims to study the impact of investment in public-private partnerships on economic growth. This study serves to enrich and complement the existing work in this field, thus contributing to the advancement of knowledge and expanding the boundaries of the existing literature. The study uses a time-series dataset from Morocco that includes PPP investments, the number of PPPs, GDP, and other control variables between 1990 and 2020. The dataset was analyzed using the multiple linear regression method. Results indicate that investment in PPPs has a positive and statistically significant impact on Morocco's economic growth, underscoring the effectiveness of this investment model in the national context
La persona, eje central de los procesos migratorios: el caso de la migración italiana a América
Get PDFEn un mundo globalizado, visibilizar las migraciones y su realidad sociojurídica, sus antecedentes, las particularidades de las personas que migran, sus motivaciones, las circunstancias particulares de determinados grupos o colectivos, etc., es una tarea que desde la academia ha de llevarse a cabo de manera incesante, pues todo esfuerzo es poco para tratar de mostrar la veracidad de situaciones que, en un mundo de fake news, posverdad, inteligencia artificial, etc., muchas veces quedan ocultas. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar y exponer las características y situaciones que se dieron a lo largo de los años en migraciones desde Europa hacia América Latina, un fenómeno en cierta forma olvidado. Italia es el país elegido para, desde un caso concreto, comprender la realidad estructural de las migraciones y la situación de desigualdad que pueden conllevar, todo ello desde un punto de vista de los derechos humanos.
In a globalized world, making migration visible—including its socio-legal realities, antecedents, the particularities of migrants, their motivations, and the specific circumstances of certain groups or collectives—is a task that academia must undertake incessantly. This is because any effort is insufficient in trying to reveal the truth of situations that, in a world of fake news, post-truth, artificial intelligence, etc., often remain hidden or do not receive the required attention. The aim of this paper is to analyze and present the characteristics and situations that have occurred over the years in migrations from Europe to Latin America, a phenomenon somewhat. Italy has been chosen as the case study to understand the structural reality of migrations and the inequality that they can entail, all from the perspective of human rights
Les « actes de parole » dans le discours du journal le 20H00 de France 2 sur la gestion du séisme d’Al Haouz au Maroc
Get PDFCe travail de recherche met en lumière « l’acte de parole » en tant qu’acte de communication occupant une place de choix dans le fonctionnement du discours du journal télévisé qui préserve encore son caractère pragmatique et stratégique malgré la multiplication des formats médiatiques. Les discours portés par les journalistes et les médias sur la perception d’un pays par un autre reflètent une ligne éditoriale et une orientation qui pourraient être impactées par l’état des relations diplomatiques bilatérales. En adoptant une analyse de discours comme méthodologie de recherche, nous avons visé l’identification de la sphère pragmatico-sociale dominante dans le discours dont relève les actes de parole du journal le 20H00 de France 2 sur le séisme d’Al Haouz au Maroc. A travers l’analyse des journaux constituant notre corpus, nous avons constaté la prédominance de la sphère de l’évaluation et de la sphère actionnelle, ainsi qu’une faible présence de la sphère interactionnelle qui met en avant le dialogue et l’équilibre dans la prise de parole entre les acteurs concernés par l’actualité traitée. Cette conclusion confirme que les médias pourraient être encore des instruments mobilisés au service de la politique étrangère des Etats au détriment, parfois, des règles journalistiques de base.
This research explores the role of the “speech act” as a fundamental communicative tool in television news discourse, emphasizing its pragmatic and strategic nature, which persists despite the proliferation of diverse media formats. The discourse crafted by journalists and public media, particularly in shaping one country’s perception of another, reflects editorial priorities and orientations shaped by the nature and dynamics of bilateral diplomatic relations. Using discourse analysis as a methodological approach, this study examines the predominant pragmatic and social dimensions in France 2’s 20:00 news coverage of the Al Haouz earthquake. The analysis of selected news editions reveals a strong emphasis on evaluative and action-oriented aspects, while the interactional dimension—focused on dialogue and balanced representation of the various stakeholders in the news story—receives comparatively limited attention. This conclusion underscores that media can still be instrumentalized to serve foreign policy interests, often at the expense of fundamental principles of journalism
Intégration de l'éducation au développement durable dans le curriculum des sciences de la vie et de la terre : Étude comparative entre les filières Sciences Expérimentales, Sciences Mathématiques et Lettres et Sciences Humaines au cycle secondaire au Maro
Get PDFL'Éducation au Développement Durable (EDD) devient essentielle face aux défis croissants du changement climatique, de l'inégalité sociale et de la durabilité des ressources. Au Maroc, l'intégration des principes de développement durable dans le curriculum des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre (SVT) vise à préparer les jeunes à relever ces défis. Dans ce contexte, notre recherche examine l’intégration de l’EDD dans le curriculum de SVT dans ces trois dimensions : sociale, économique et environnementale. Elle a pour objectif d'analyser et de comparer cette intégration dans le curriculum de SVT des trois filières de la première année de baccalauréat au Maroc : Sciences Expérimentales, Sciences Mathématiques et Lettres et Sciences Humaines. À cette fin, une grille d'analyse spécifique a été utilisée pour analyser et comparer l'intégration de l'EDD dans le curriculum de SVT. Les résultats montrent que la dimension sociale est bien intégrée dans les Sciences Expérimentales et les Lettres et Sciences Humaines, principalement en termes d'objectifs, mais elle est absente du programme des Sciences Mathématiques. Cependant, la dimension environnementale est principalement présente dans les Sciences Expérimentales, suivies des Sciences Mathématiques et Littéraires, avec un manque général de projets liés à l'environnement. En ce qui concerne la dimension économique, elle est faiblement abordée dans les Lettres et Sciences Humaines et davantage dans les Sciences Mathématiques, mais moins dans les Sciences Expérimentales. En conclusion, l'analyse révèle que l'intégration des trois dimensions du développement durable n'est pas optimale dans le curriculum de SVT, selon les indicateurs utilisés, et présente des disparités entre les différentes filières académiques.
Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) is becoming essential in the face of the growing challenges of climate change, social inequality, and resource sustainability. In Morocco, the integration of sustainable development principles into the Life and Earth Sciences (L&E) curriculum aims to prepare young people to meet these challenges. In this context, our research investigates how the Life and Earth Sciences (L&E) curriculum integrates ESD in its three dimensions: social, economic, and environmental. It aims to analyze and compare the integration of ESD in the L&E curricula of the three first-year baccalaureate streams in Morocco: Experimental Sciences, Mathematical Sciences, and Humanities and Social Sciences. To this end, a specific analytical grid was used to analyze and compare the integration of ESD into the L&E curriculum. The results show that the social dimension is well integrated into the Experimental Sciences and Humanities and Social Sciences, mainly in terms of objectives, but is absent from the Mathematical Sciences. However, the environmental dimension is primarily present in the Experimental Sciences, followed by the Mathematical and Humanities streams, with a general lack of environment-related projects. As far as the economic dimension is concerned, it is little addressed in the Humanities and Social Sciences and more in the Mathematical Sciences, but less so in the Experimental Sciences. In conclusion, the analysis reveals that the integration of the three dimensions of sustainable development is not well integrated into the L&E curriculum, depending on the indicators used, and varies from one academic stream to another
Calidad de Vida y Cuidados Paliativos en Cáncer de Mama
Get PDFIntroducción: El cáncer de mama a menudo requiere tratamientos agresivos con efectos secundarios significativos. Los cuidados paliativos desempeñan un rol fundamental al aliviar síntomas, reducir el sufrimiento y mejorar la calidad de vida de las pacientes. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre la calidad de vida y cuidados paliativos en pacientes con cáncer de mama. Metodología: Estudio observacional, transversal comparativo, realizado en pacientes con cáncer de mama de la Unidad Médica de Atención Ambulatoria, Querétaro. Se incluyeron a pacientes con cáncer de mama confirmado por estudio histopatológico, se excluyeron a pacientes con enfermedades previas a cáncer de mama que afectara su calidad de vida, se eliminaron a pacientes con encuestas incompletas. El tamaño de la muestra se obtuvo con la fórmula para dos proporciones, con 31 participantes por grupo, obtenidos por casos consecutivos. Las variables estudiadas fueron edad, religión, escolaridad, estado civil, ocupación, estadio clínico de cáncer, con y sin cuidados paliativos y calidad de vida determinada por la escala QLQ-C30. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva con porcentajes y frecuencias, estadística inferencial con Chi2, OR con IC 95%. Resultados: El estudio incluyo a 62 participantes, el grupo con cuidados paliativos 41.9% (13) tenían buena calidad de vida en el estado global de salud, comparado con el 71% (22) del grupo control, Chi2 5.3, p valor=0.02, con buena calidad de vida en la dimensión de funcionalidad física 83.9% (26), en síntomas; náusea y vómito 16.1% (5), disnea 96.8% (30) Conclusiones: Existe asociación estadísticamente significativa en pacientes sin cuidados paliativos y calidad de vida.
Introduction: Breast cancer often requires aggressive treatments with significant side effects. Palliative care plays a key role in relieving symptoms, reducing suffering and improving patients' quality of life. Objective: To determine the association between quality of life and palliative care in breast cancer patients. Methodology: Observational, cross-sectional, comparative study, carried out in breast cancer patients at the Outpatient Medical Unit, Querétaro. Patients with breast cancer confirmed by histopathological study were included, patients with diseases prior to breast cancer that affected their quality of life were excluded, patients with incomplete surveys were eliminated. The sample size was obtained with the formula for two proportions, with 31 participants per group, obtained by consecutive cases. The variables studied were age, religion, schooling, marital status, occupation, clinical stage of cancer, with and without palliative care, and quality of life determined by the QLQ-C30 scale. Descriptive statistics were applied with percentages and frequencies, inferential statistics with Chi2, OR with 95% CI. Results: The study included 62 participants, the palliative care group 41.9% (13) had good quality of life in global health status, compared to 71% (22) of the control group, Chi2 5.3, p value=0.02, with good quality of life in the dimension of physical functionality 83.9% (26), in symptoms; nausea and vomiting 16.1% (5), dyspnea 96.8% (30) Conclusions: There is statistically significant association in patients without palliative care and quality of life
Chronic Noise Exposure with Normal Hearing is Related to Adverse Quality of Life and Burnout
Get PDFAims and scope: Occupational noise exposure is a well-known factor of hearing loss and other health related problems. Its contribution on burnout and health related quality of life, particularly when there is no hearing loss is less well studied. Herein we aim to study the effect of noise on the responses of normal hearing industrial workers on validated instruments. Methods: 384 industrial workers from three pharmaceutical companies with normal hearing were stratified into two groups: a noise-exposure group (n=195) and a non-exposure group (n=125). In addition to basic demographic characteristics, factors such as smoking, and BMI were examined alongside responses to the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) and SF-36 questionnaire. Findings: The noise-exposure group exhibited a higher prevalence of smokers (p<0.01), a slightly elevated median BMI (p=0.04) and reported more pronounced exhaustion as measured by the OLBI (p=0.03). Furthermore, they exhibited poorer responses in various dimensions of the SF-36 questionnaire, particularly in bodily pain (p<0.01), physical functioning (p=0.03), physical role functioning (p=0.02) and emotional role functioning (p<0.01) scales. Conclusion: Occupational noise exposure, even in the absence of hearing loss, is associated with a higher prevalence of burnout symptoms and an overall reduced health-related quality of life among industrial workers. These insights underscore the need for proactive measures to mitigate noise exposure's adverse impact on employee well-being and productivity in noisy work environments, independently of the findings in their audiometric results
Temporal Variability of Rainfall Amounts and Trend Analysis in the Melloulou Watershed
Get PDFThe present study consists in analyzing the temporal variability of rainfall and rainfall trend a statistical analysis of rainfall data in the Melloulou watershed for a half-century chronicle (1970-2020). The objective of this study is to extract all the rainfall characteristics of this period, to extract the rainfall variability and to determine the rainfall trends. The working method is based on a statistical approach to detect the climatic characteristics of the Melloulou basin. The study of the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and the rainfall deficit index (IDF) showed the alternation of very long dry periods with wet periods. The Mann-Kendall test under the RStudio also showed a decreasing rainfall trend
Adhesion du Personnel Soignant a la Nouvelle Loi de Legalisation de l’Avortement au Benin
Get PDFIntroduction : La légalisation de l’avortement au Bénin a déclenché une levée de boucliers de l’opinion publique même au sein du corps médical.
Objectif :Etudier l’adhésion du personnel soignant à la légalisation de l’avortement au Bénin. Méthodes d’étude : Il s’est agi d’une étude transversale à visée descriptive avec recueil prospectif des données. L’étude s’est déroulée du 1er janvier au 30 mars 2022. Tout le personnel soignant qualifié exerçant sur le territoire béninois était la cible de l’étude. Résultats : Au total 4080 agents de santé ont été enquêtés. Ils étaient en majorité des sages-femmes (35,5%), du secteur public (46,7%) ayant moins de 10 ans d’expérience professionnelle (82,3%) et étaient enregistrés à un ordre professionnel (78,7%). Plus de la moitié du personnel soignant enquêté (57, 3%) n’adhérait pas à la loi sur l’interruption volontaire de la grossesse (IVG). Ils ne retrouvaient aucune nécessité à légaliser l’avortement au Bénin (60,2%). Moins d’un agent sur six se disait être prêt à réaliser l’IVG (14,9%). En revanche, 21,7% refusaient catégoriquement de la réaliser. Pour le reste (54,3%), ils ne réaliseront pas l’IVG si les raisons évoquées par la gestante n’étaient valables. Les agents prêts à réaliser l’IVG n’étaient pas tous d’accord à être un répondant en matière d’IVG dans leur lieu d’exercice (89,4%). Ils avaient évoqué comme obstacles la religion (91,1%), la conscience (83,2%). Conclusion : Un travail énorme reste à faire au niveau du personnel de santé pour que l’IVG soit effective au Bénin.
Introduction: The legalization of abortion in Benin has triggered an outcry from public opinion even within the medical profession. Objective: To study the support of healthcare personnel for the legalization of abortion in Benin. Study method: This was a cross-sectional study with a descriptive aim and prospective data collection. The study took place from January 1 to March 30, 2022. All qualified healthcare personnel working in Beninese territory were the target of the study. Results: A total of 4080 healthcare workers were surveyed. They were mainly midwives (35.5%), from the public sector (46.7%) with professional experience of less than 10 years (82.3%) and were registered with a professional order (78.7%). %). More than half of the healthcare personnel surveyed (57.3%) did not adhere to the law on voluntary termination of pregnancy. They found no need to legalize abortion in Benin (60.2%). Less than one agent in six said they were ready to perform the abortion (14.9%). On the other hand, 21.7% categorically refused to carry it out. For the rest (54.3%), they will not carry out the abortion if the reasons given by the pregnant woman were not valid for terminating a pregnancy. The agents ready to perform the abortion do not all agree to be respondents regarding abortion in their place of practice (89.4%). They mentioned religion (91.1%), and conscience (83.2%) as obstacles. Conclusion: An enormous amount of work remains to be done among health personnel to make abortion effective in Benin
Sustainability and Human Rights Practices and Training
Get PDFTwenty-first century citizens live in an interconnected, diverse and intensively changing world. Developing sustainability and human rights practices is of major importance for the survival of both the present and the future generations. This research study comes to investigate primary education teachers’ sustainability practices in their daily lives concerning the three basic pillars of sustainable development, environment, society and economy. At a second level, it is sought to investigate whether there is a correlation between teachers’ practices and their training in sustainability and human rights issues. The "Sustainability Consciousness Questionnaire", in its short version with closed-ended questions-statements was delivered, whereas its reliability and validity were positively assessed. The technique of convenient sampling process was applied, and the sample consisted of 452 primary education teachers working in the Region of Western Greece. Data were analyzed by using IBM SPSS v.28 software. Percentages, frequencies of the mean value and standard deviation were calculated. The test of normality of variables for skills was done with Kolmogorov-Smirnov, and the parametric t-Test was applied to investigate correlations. The internal consistency reliability of the questions of the sustainability practices questionnaire is satisfactory. The findings of the research indicate that the participants are sensitive towards the necessity of recycling, waste management, saving energy, respecting others, and supporting economically weaker people. Finally, it is worth mentioning that teachers who have been trained in sustainability and human rights issues show a greater positive attitude towards sustainability practices than those who have not been trained