European Scientific Journal, ESJ
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Assessing the Relationship between Short Birth-to-Pregnancy Interval and the Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes among Multiparous Women in Northern Ghana
Get PDFIntroduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends an optimal Birth-to-Pregnancy Interval (BPI) of 24-59 months, or a 33-month interval between two successive births to reduce the risk of untoward maternal and newborn outcomes. Short Birth to Pregnancy Interval (SBPI), and unmet need for Family Planning (FP) are the major contributors to rapid population growth and increased maternal and newborn mortalities. The purpose of this study was to assess the adverse perinatal and maternal outcomes associated with SBPI among multiparous women in three municipalities of the Upper East Region (UER) of Ghana. Materials and Methods:The study employed the Cross-sectional Design conducted among 904 women aged 15-49 years attending Antenatal Care (ANC) clinics in three municipalities in the UER who had at least two successive live births prior to data collection. Data was collected using structured questionnaire, incorporated into the electronic data collection tool, Kobo collect and administered by trained research assistants. Birth interval was categorized according to the WHO’s classification, <24 months as SBPI, 24-≥59 months as Optimal Birth to Pregnancy Interval (OBPI) and >59 months as Long Birth to Pregnancy Interval (LBPI). Results: Of the 904 respondents, the majority (56.2%) had an OBPI, while 36.9% had a SBPI. Factors that influenced SBPI were parity, mode of delivery, and the educational status of women’s partner. Participants with a higher parity (≥5 children) had 0.67 times the potential of spacing their births (AOR 0.67; 95% CI 0.46-0.98; p = 0.040). Women who experienced a Caesarean Section (CS) delivery were 3.28 times more likely to have LBPI (AOR 3.28; 95% CI 1.02-10.62; p=0.047). Respondents whose partners had secondary education had a 1.87 chance (AOR 2.07; 95% CI 1.09-3.96; p=0.027) of spacing their births. The birth complications reported were retained products of conception (41.9%), pregnancy-induced hypertension (27.9%), postpartum hemorrhage (11.6%), obstructed labor (10.5%), sepsis (38.1%), neonatal jaundice (23.8%), low-birth-weight (19%), and preterm birth (14.3%). Conclusion and Global Health Implications: The study recommends health professionals in direct contact with maternal, reproductive, and child health to be proactive in FP counseling, and to support women decision making
Harmonizing Aesthetics and Psychological Well-being: An Indepth Exploration of the Integrative Impact of Dysport in Cosmetic Procedures
Get PDFThis research endeavors to delve into the intricate interplay between aesthetic intelligence, aesthetic sensitivity, and psychological well-being within the framework of positive psychology. Recognizing the profound influence of environmental aesthetics on individuals' health and well-being, this study aims to illuminate the relationship between aesthetic intelligence and psychological well-being, with aesthetic sensitivity acting as a mediating factor. Employing a correlational research design, structural equation modeling was applied as the methodological approach. The research cohort comprised all students enrolled at Bu-Ali Sina University during the academic year 2018-2019. Employing cluster sampling, 384 students were selected based on the recommended sample size for structural equation modeling. The instruments employed in this study included the Ryff Well-being Scale (2), the Aesthetic Intelligence Scale developed by Rashid et al. (2017), and Abdulsalami's (2013) Aesthetic Sensitivity Scale. The findings derived from structural equations analysis revealed that both aesthetic intelligence and aesthetic sensitivity exerted a significant direct impact on psychological well-being. Furthermore, aesthetic intelligence demonstrated a direct and significant effect on aesthetic sensitivity. The exploration of indirect relationships indicated that aesthetic intelligence, acting through the mediation of aesthetic sensitivity, significantly influenced psychological well-being. Considering these outcomes, it can be inferred that individuals' awareness and appreciation of environmental beauty positively contribute to their psychological well-being. Consequently, the development of educational programs aimed at enhancing aesthetic capabilities in individuals holds the potential to elevate overall well-being
Complications des Contraceptifs Réversibles à Longue durée d’Action : 21 Cas Colligés au Service de GynécologieObstétrique du CHU Kara, Nord Togo
Get PDFObjectif : Rapporter les cas de complications liées à la mauvaise technique d’insertion des contraceptifs réversibles à longue durée d’action pour une meilleure pratique afin de favoriser l’adhésion des femmes à la contraception moderne. Méthode : Il s’est agi d’une étude transversale et descriptive réalisée au service de gynécologie-obstétrique du centre hospitalier universitaire de Kara du 1er Aout 2022 au 31 Juillet 2023. Etaient inclues, toutes femmes reçues pour complication de contraceptifs réversibles à longue durée d’action et prises en charge dans le service. Résultats : Vingt et un cas ont été enregistrés. Il s’agissait de 3 cas de dispositif intra utérin (14,3%) et 18 cas d’implant (85,7%). L’âge moyen des clientes était de 26,7± 6,1ans avec des extrêmes de 20ans et 42ans. Elles étaient en majorité paucipares (52,5%) et revendeuses (45,3%). Les circonstances de découvertes étaient les douleurs abdominales pour les DIU, et l’abandon pour les implants. Il s’agissait de deux cas de perforation utérine avec un DIU dans le ligament large, un dans l’épiploon et un cas d’abcès du cul de sac recto-utérin. Pour les implants, il s’agissait d’insertion intra musculaire (83,3%) et d’infection du site d’insertion (11,1%). Une prise en charge chirurgicale a été faite dans 90,5% des cas engendrant un coût financier de 143300 Cfa (241,6USD) en moyenne pour le DIU et 45000 Cfa (75,9USD) pour l’implant. Conclusion : Les complications des contraceptifs réversibles à longue durée d’action sont dominées par les complications des implants liées à la mauvaise technique d’insertion. Elles ont occasionné des couts financiers aux clientes. Un renforcement de capacité des prestataires est nécessaire afin d’augmenter la prévalence contraceptive dans nos milieux.
Objective: To report cases of complications due to lack insertion techniques for long-acting reversible contraceptives, with the aim of improving practices and encouraging women to use modern contraception. Methodology : This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study carried out at obstetrics and gynecology department of Kara University Hospital from August 1, 2022 to July 31, 2023. All women treated in the department for complications of long-acting reversible contraceptives were included. Results : Twenty-one cases were recorded. There were 3 cases of intrauterine devices (14.3%) and 18 cases of implants (85.7%). The average age of the clients was 26.7± 6.1 years, with extremes of 20 and 42 years. They were mostly paucipara (52.5%) and resellers (45.3%). The circumstances of discovery were abdominal pain for IUDs, and abandonment for implants. There were two cases of uterine perforation with an IUD in the broad ligament, one in the omentum, and one case of abscess in the recto-uterine pouch. In the case of implants, these were intra-muscular insertion (83.3%) and infection of the insertion site (11.1%). Surgery was performed in 90.5% of cases, at an average cost of 143300 Cfa (241.6USD) for the IUD and 45000 Cfa (75.9USD) for the implant. Conclusion : Complications of long-acting reversible contraceptives are dominated by implant complications due to lack insertion technique. These have resulted in financial costs for clients. Capacity-building of providers is needed to increase contraceptive prevalence in our communities
The Role of Individual Performance in the Effect of ICT Appropriation on Educational Performance of Students in Public Universities in the Casablanca-Settat Region, Morocco
Get PDFOver the past two decades, Moroccan higher education institutions have significantly invested in information and communication technologies (ICT). The integration of ICT in education (ICTE) and learning has led to major changes, including the implementation of digital strategies and programs that have enriched the educational system. Notable progress has been made, such as providing most institutions with computer equipment and expanded internet access, especially in universities. Despite these advancements, questions remain about the true impact of these technologies on student performance and the overall effectiveness of the educational system. While researchers have explored this issue both theoretically and empirically, they face challenges, including the complex observation of students' individual performance and the rapid evolution of ICT, which makes isolating their effects difficult. This study aims to examine the impact of students' appropriation of ICT on educational performance in public universities in the Casablanca-Settat region and to explore the role of individual performance in this relationship. Using structural equation modeling (SEM) with SMART PLS 4.0 software, data from 185 students revealed a significant positive relationship between ICT appropriation and educational performance, with individual performance serving as a mediator. By employing mediation analysis, as outlined by Baron and Kenny (1986) and MacKinnon et al. (2007, 2012), the study investigated how individual performance mediates the relationship between ICT appropriation and educational performance. This method enabled the identification of both direct and indirect effects, providing a more nuanced understanding of the mechanisms through which ICT impacts educational outcomes via individual performance. The findings suggest that ICT is a crucial factor in improving higher education performance and highlight the importance of platform quality and students' sense of self-determination in the effective integration of ICT in the educational process. Future research should continue to explore individual performance among Moroccan university students and its impact on educational outcomes
Les déterminants de la divulgation des informations RSE : une comparaison entre les pays développés et les pays en développement à travers une revue de littérature empirique
Get PDFLe présent article procède à un examen approfondi des facteurs déterminants de la divulgation de la Responsabilité Sociale des Entreprises (DRSE) dans les pays développés et en de développement, en s'appuyant sur une analyse de 89 articles de recherche empiriques. Nous avons effectué des recherches méthodiques dans diverses bases de données, telles que SCOPUS, EBSCOhost, Web of Science, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library et Google Scholar, en utilisant une série de mots-clés. Par conséquent, notre recherche s'est limitée aux études empiriques publiées en anglais et a exclu les livres, les chapitres de livres et les actes de conférences..L'étude révèle que les caractéristiques de l'entreprise, notamment la taille, le secteur d'activités, la performance financière et les mécanismes de gouvernance d'entreprise ; jouent un rôle important dans la détermination de la DRSE. Dans les pays développés, les préoccupations des principales parties prenantes telles que les régulateurs, les actionnaires, les créanciers, les investisseurs, les écologistes et les médias sont considérés comme très déterminantes pour influencer les pratiques de divulgation d'informations sur la RSE. À l'inverse, dans les pays en développement, la DRSE est principalement motivée par des parties prenantes telles que les acheteurs internationaux, les investisseurs étrangers, les médias internationaux et les organismes de réglementation internationaux. De plus, contrairement à leurs homologues des pays développés, les entreprises des pays en développement perçoivent relativement peu de pression de la part du public pour divulguer des informations en matière de RSE.
This article provides an in-depth examination of the determinants of corporate social responsibility disclosure (CSRD) in developed and developing countries, based on an analysis of 89 empirical research articles. We conducted systematic searches of various databases, such as SCOPUS, EBSCOhost, Web of Science, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library and Google Scholar, using a series of keywords. Consequently, our search was limited to empirical studies published in English and excluded books, book chapters and conference proceedings. The study reveals that company characteristics, including size, industry sector, financial performance and corporate governance mechanisms, play an important role in determining of CSR disclosure. In developed countries, the concerns of key stakeholders such as regulators, shareholders, creditors, investors, environmentalists and the media are considered to be very important in influencing CSR disclosure practices. Conversely, in developing countries, CSRD is primarily driven by stakeholders such as international buyers, foreign investors, the international media and international regulators. In addition, unlike their counterparts in developed countries, companies in developing countries perceive relatively little public pressure to disclose CSR information
The Relationship Between Constructivist Thinking and Academic Engagement Among University Students in Light of Some Variables
Get PDFThe current study aims to reveal the relationship between constructivist thinking and academic engagement among university students in light of some variables. To achieve the objectives of the study, a sample of 697 male and female students was selected at the Qasimi Academic College of Education within the Green Line in the Arab city of Bouqa 'a, where they were selected in the available sample manner. The constructive thinking scale and measure of academic participation were applied. The results showed a statistically significant positive correlation between academic participation and constructive thinking dimensions, while the results showed a statistically significant negative correlation between academic participation and destructive constructive thinking dimensions. The results indicated that there were no significant differences in correlation factors between constructive thinking and academic engagement attributed to gender and specialization
Prise en charge des personnes âgées dépendantes : une analyse du modèle socioculturel baoulé Agba de Côte d’Ivoire
Get PDFLes soins offerts aux personnes âgées dépendantes sont variés et complexes surtout en milieu rural au vu de la quasi-absence des services adaptés à leurs besoins. Il était alors question d’analyser le modèle socioculturel de la prise en charge des personnes âgées dépendantes dans le groupe linguistique baoulé Agba de Côte d’Ivoire. Une recherche descriptive interprétative a donc été menée en février 2023 dans la localité rurale de Kouassi-Kouasssikro. Des personnes âgées dépendantes, des aidants familiaux et un professionnel de la santé étaient concernés par l’enquête. Ces personnes ressources ont été sélectionnées sur la base de la méthode de la boule de neige afin de les rencontrer et procéder à l’enquête sur le terrain à l’aide des guides d’entretien semi-directif. De la gestion des données au moyen du discours structuré, l’analyse des données avec l’appui de la perspective stratégique s’est référée à deux cadres logiques, notamment socioculturel et biomédical de la prise en charge des personnes âgées dépendantes pour déceler des points d’impacts critiques et suggérer des leviers de solutions. Il en est ressorti que les personnes âgées dépendantes étaient présentées comme des êtres ambigus vu qu’ils étaient considérés comme des personnes soit malveillantes, soit bienveillantes. Par ailleurs, leur assistance reposait sur un mécanisme social sous-tendu à un code de comportement qui consistait à apporter un soutien du point de vue financier, matériel et sanitaire. Cependant, ce code de conduite s’est trouvé être lié à des risques sanitaires importants, notamment l’alcoolisme, l’intoxication alimentaire et les maladies chroniques. Il est en conséquence envisagé l’élaboration d’une stratégie de communication plus efficace en matière d’éducation et des campagnes de sensibilisation visant la prise en charge optimale des personnes âgées dépendantes à court ou à moyen terme à Kouassi-Kouasssikro en Côte d’Ivoire.
The care offered to dependent elderly people is varied and complex, especially in rural areas where there are virtually no services adapted to their needs. The aim was to analyse the socio-cultural model of care for elderly dependents in the Baoulé Agba group in Côte d'Ivoire. Descriptive and interpretative research was therefore carried out in February 2023 in the rural locality of Kouassi Kouasssikro. Dependent elderly people, family carers and a health professional were involved in the survey. These resource persons were selected using the snowball method in order to meet them and carry out the field survey using semi-structured interview guides. From data management using structured discourse, the analysis of the data with the support of the strategic perspective referred to two logical frameworks, namely socio-cultural and biomedical, for the care of dependent elderly people in order to identify critical points of impact and suggest levers for solutions. It emerged that dependent elderly people were presented as ambiguous beings, as they were seen as either malevolent or benevolent. Moreover, their assistance was based on a social mechanism underpinned by a code of behaviour that consisted of providing financial, material and health support. However, this code of conduct was found to be linked to major health risks, in particular alcoholism, food poisoning and chronic illnesses. It is therefore planned to develop a more effective communication strategy in terms of education and awareness campaigns aimed at providing optimum care for dependent elderly people in the short to medium term in Kouassi Kouassikro in Côte d’Ivoire
Nutrition Quality of the Child Feeds Used Among Children Aged 6 to 24 Months in Marsabit County
Get PDFChild feeding practices is considered one of the determinants of malnutrition in under-fives. Inadequate feeding practice is often a greater factor of malnutrition than lack of food. Globally, 1 in 3 children under the age of five are not obtaining adequate nutrition thus are not growing well. In ASAL regions of Kenya, the main driver of acute malnutrition is poor dietary intake coupled with inappropriate feeding practices. In Marsabit County, undernutrition prevalence varies in different sub-counties. There are areas where malnutrition is very high whereas other areas are relatively low. In the same setting however, there are children with good health and nutritional status. Therefore, this study aimed to determine nutrition quality of the child feeds used among children aged 6 to 24 months in Marsabit County. This study adopted an experimental design for laboratory analysis of the food samples. Snowballing technique was used to select 9 women groups with children aged 6-24 months for participatory assessment of child feeding practices. Focus Group Discussion and key Informant Interview guides for qualitative data. A child food sample collection guide was used during collection of child feeds for laboratory analysis. Univariate analysis was used to obtain frequency distribution of nutrition quality of the child feeds. The study concludes that nutrition quality of feeds has a significant effect on child feeding practices in Marsabit County, Kenya. Based on the findings this study recommends that the Marsabit County government should promote the use of traditional food processing methods, such as fermentation, germination, roasting, drying, and frying, through community nutrition programs to enhance the nutrient content of child foods. These programs should focus on educating mothers and caregivers on how to effectively apply these methods to local foods to improve their nutritional value
Analyse des aspects épidémiologique, cliniques et évolutifs de la rougeole au Niger
Get PDFIntroduction : La rougeole sévit constamment au Niger avec des périodes de pic. L’objectif était d’analyser le profil épidémio - clinique et évolutif de la rougeole au Niger. Méthodologie : Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale descriptive à visée analytique qui a porté sur tous les cas suspects de rougeole en 2022. L’analyse bivariée et multivariée avait permis d’identifier les facteurs associés au décès. Une P- value inférieure à 0,05 a été considérée comme significative. Résultats : Au total 8424 cas suspectés ont été colligés. La moyenne d’âge était de 5,51 ans avec des extrêmes allant de 0 à 72 ans et les moins de 15 ans représentaient 92%. Après regression logistique les cas suspects qui ont été enregistrés entre les semaines épidémiolgiques 37-52 [Odd Ratio Ajusté (ORA) = 0,02; Intervalle de confiance (IC) à 95% (0,006 - 0,13)] et ceux qui provenaient du Nigéria[ ORA= 0,16; IC à 95% ( 0,03- 0,82)] étaient protégés du décès. Conclusion : L’épidémie rougeoleuse demeure une réalité, la riposte à la rougeole doit mettre un accent sur la vaccination. La létalité de la maladie est corrélée au pic épidémiologique.
Introduction: Measles is constantly rampant in Niger with peak periods. The objective was to analyze the epidemio-clinical and evolutionary profile of measles in Niger. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with an analytical focus that included all suspected measles cases in 2022. Bivariate and multivariate analysis identified factors associated with death. A P- value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 8424 suspected cases were collected. The average age was 5.51 years with extremes ranging from 0 to 72 years old and those under 15 years old accounted for 92%. After logistic regression, suspected cases that were recorded between epidemiological weeks 37-52 [Adjusted Odd Ratio (ORA) = 0.02; 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.006 - 0.13)] and those from Nigeria [ORA= 0.16; 95% CI (0.03-0.82)] were protected from death. Conclusion: Measles outbreak remains a reality, measles response must a focus on vaccination. The lethality of the disease is correlated with the epidemiological peak
