International Journal of Professional Business Review
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MULTICULTURAL EMPLOYEES’ PERCEPTIONS OF DIVERSITY IN SOUTH AFRICA
Get PDFPurpose: This research explored the in-depth meaning of how multicultural employees perceive diversity in South African formal sector firms. In doing so, it extracted the lived experiences of multicultural employees about the cultural differences perceived within the country. South Africa is characterised by cultural and linguistic heterogeneity and a relatively large formal sector economy by African standards.
Methodology: For this cross-sectional study, data were gathered through a homogeneous purposive sampling of nine participants and conducting semi-structured interviews. This small sample size allows for a thorough investigation into each participant's lived experience to gather qualitative data. The specific phenomenological method used in this study is a novel interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), which seeks to extract data and discern meaning in the participants' narratives.
Results: The findings were interpreted through the lens of social identity theory within an interpretative philosophical paradigm. These interpretations were leveraged to extract a central narrative that is grouped thematically. The main finding was identifying several factors that contribute to the spanning of cultural boundaries in South African formal sector firms.
Practical Implications: The study identified how participants make meaning of their experiences within the formal sector of South Africa and how their interpretations shape their behaviour and attitudes.
Originality/Value: The findings indicate that a significant amount of intra-country cultural diversity is perceived in the South African formal sector workplace, which can cause friction and reinforce cultural stereotypes
ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF DETERMINANTS INFLUENCING RISK-ADJUSTED PERFORMANCE OF MUTUAL FUNDS
Get PDFObjective: This study explores the relationship between Mutual Funds' (UCITS) performance and nine macroeconomic variables using a Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model. It aims to understand the dynamics between these variables and UCITS performance.
Theoretical Framework: The study is grounded in economic theories and concepts relevant to macroeconomics and financial markets. The VAR model serves as the theoretical framework, facilitating the analysis of the interdependencies among variables.
Method: The research methodology involved the application of a VAR model to 92 quarterly observations from January 2000 to December 2022. Non-stationarity tests indicated that all variables were non-stationary in levels but became stationary after first-order differencing. Data collection methods included obtaining information on macroeconomic variables and OPCVM performance.
Results and Discussion: The findings indicate a long-term causality between OPCVM performance, and the macroeconomic variables studied. Significant variables affecting OPCVM performance include money supply, GDP, inflation rate, discount rate, and bond interest rate. However, interest rate and exchange rate showed no significant impact. The presence of an inertia effect suggests the utilization of Box-Jenkins ARMA modeling.
Research Implications: This study provides insights into the influence of macroeconomic factors on OPCVM performance, offering implications for investors, financial analysts, and policymakers. Understanding these relationships can aid in making informed investment decisions and formulating effective economic policies.
Originality/Value: The research contributes to the literature by employing a VAR model to analyze the relationship between OPCVM performance and macroeconomic variables in the context of the Moroccan market. The findings offer practical implications for stakeholders and advance the understanding of financial market dynamics.En este artículo, examinamos la relación entre el rendimiento de los Fondos de Inversión Colectiva en Valores Mobiliarios (OPCVM) y un conjunto de nueve variables macroeconómicas utilizando un modelo Vector Autoregressive (VAR). Las variables utilizadas en nuestro modelo son: precio del petróleo Brent, oferta monetaria, inflación, precio del petróleo Brent, tasa de descuento, tipo de cambio, tasa de interés de bonos gubernamentales, tasa de mercado monetario, tasa de depósito. El índice de rendimiento del OPCVM es una variable dependiente, y las otras variables son independientes. En este estudio, utilizamos 92 observaciones para el período de muestreo de enero de 2000 a diciembre de 2022, que corresponde a datos trimestrales. Según las pruebas de no estacionariedad de Dickey-Fuller (ADF) y Philips-Perron (PP), todas las variables incluidas en nuestro estudio no son estacionarias en niveles. Se vuelven estacionarias después de la diferenciación de primer orden. Existe una causalidad a largo plazo entre el rendimiento de los UCITS y las otras variables del estudio. Según los resultados, las variables macroeconómicas más significativas en la explicación del rendimiento del OPCVM son la oferta monetaria, el PIB, la tasa de inflación, la tasa de descuento y la tasa de interés de los bonos. Los resultados revelan la ausencia de un efecto significativo de la tasa de interés y la tasa de cambio en la explicación del rendimiento del OPCVM. La presencia de un efecto de inercia en la explicación del rendimiento del OPCVM marroquí sugiere el uso de la modelización ARMA de Box-Jenkins.Neste artigo, examinamos a relação entre o desempenho de Fundos de Investimento Coletivo em Valores Mobiliários (OPCVM) e um conjunto de nove variáveis macroeconômicas usando um modelo Vetorial Autoregressivo (VAR). As variáveis usadas em nosso modelo são: preço do petróleo Brent, oferta de moeda, inflação, preço do petróleo Brent, taxa de desconto, taxa de câmbio, taxa de juros dos títulos do governo, taxa de mercado monetário, taxa de depósito. O índice de desempenho do OPCVM é uma variável dependente, e as outras variáveis são independentes. Neste estudo, usamos 92 observações para o período de amostragem de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2022, o que corresponde a dados trimestrais. De acordo com os testes de não-estacionariedade de Dickey-Fuller (ADF) e Philips-Perron (PP), todas as variáveis incluídas em nosso estudo são não estacionárias em níveis. Elas se tornam estacionárias após diferenciação de primeira ordem. Existe uma causalidade de longo prazo entre o desempenho do OPCVM e as outras variáveis do estudo. Com base nos resultados, as variáveis macroeconômicas mais significativas na explicação do desempenho do OPCVM são oferta de moeda, PIB, taxa de inflação, taxa de desconto e taxa de juros dos títulos. Os resultados revelam a ausência de um efeito significativo da taxa de juros e da taxa de câmbio na explicação do desempenho do OPCVM. A presença de um efeito de inércia na explicação do desempenho do OPCVM marroquino sugere o uso da modelagem ARMA de Box-Jenkins
APLICACIONES DE INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL EN EL COMERCIO ELECTRÓNICO: UN ESTUDIO BIBLIOMÉTRICO DE 1995 A 2023 UTILIZANDO FUENTES DE DATOS FUSIONADAS
Get PDFPurpose: The aim of this study is to conduct a comprehensive review of scientific articles concerning artificial intelligence (AI) applications in electronic commerce through bibliometric analysis.
Theoretical Framework: The current study utilized both the SCOPUS and Web of Science (WoS) databases to enrich the analysis with a wider selection of papers in the field, incorporating an examination of the most cited documents.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The dataset for analysis was selected according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) framework, integrating data from Scopus and WoS through R software, specifically using the biblioshiny library. It includes 8372 papers published from 1995 to 2023. This study's data analysis used two approaches: descriptive analysis to examine the data quantitatively and scientific mapping to explore the intellectual and social structures within the dataset.
Findings: The results reveal significant trends in the application of artificial intelligence in e-commerce, highlighting the rapid growth of interest in this area over the last decade. China emerges as the country with the highest number of citations, with ZHANG Y identified as the most relevant author and HU M as the most cited author. Furthermore, the study identifies prevalent keywords used by the authors, including sentiment analysis and recommendation systems.
Research, Practical & Social Implications: This study underscores the transformative potential of AI in enhancing e-commerce practices, offering insights for both academic researchers and industry professionals by providing valuable perspectives on current trends and contributions.
Originality/Value: The value of the study lies in its comprehensive bibliometric approach, which integrates two major databases to explore AI's applications in e-commerce. This deviation from previous reviews, which often rely on a single database, provides a deeper understanding of the current landscape and future directions in this field.Propósito: El objetivo de este estudio es realizar una revisión exhaustiva de artículos científicos sobre las aplicaciones de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en el comercio electrónico a través de análisis bibliométrico.
Marco teórico: El estudio actual utilizó tanto las bases de datos SCOPUS como Web of Science (WoS) para enriquecer el análisis con una selección más amplia de artículos en el campo, incorporando un examen de los documentos más citados.
Metodología: El conjunto de datos para el análisis fue seleccionado de acuerdo con el marco PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses), integrando datos de Scopus y WoS a través del software R, específicamente utilizando la biblioteca biblioshiny, e incluye 8372 artículos publicados desde 1995 hasta 2023. El análisis de datos de este estudio utilizó dos enfoques: análisis descriptivo para examinar los datos cuantitativamente y mapeo científico para explorar las estructuras intelectuales y sociales dentro del conjunto de datos.
Conclusiones: Los resultados revelan tendencias significativas en la aplicación de la inteligencia artificial en el comercio electrónico, destacando el rápido crecimiento del interés en esta área durante la última década. China emerge como el país con el mayor número de citas, con ZHANG Y identificado como el autor más relevante y HU M como el autor más citado. Además, el estudio identifica palabras clave prevalentes utilizadas por los autores, incluyendo análisis de sentimientos y sistemas de recomendación.
Implicaciones de la Investigación: Este estudio subraya el potencial transformador de la IA en mejorar las prácticas de comercio electrónico, ofreciendo ideas tanto para investigadores académicos como profesionales de la industria, proporcionando perspectivas valiosas sobre tendencias actuales y contribuciones.
Originalidad/valor: El valor del estudio radica en su enfoque bibliométrico exhaustivo, que integra dos bases de datos principales para explorar las aplicaciones de la IA en el comercio electrónico. Esta desviación de revisiones anteriores, que a menudo se basan en una sola base de datos, proporciona una comprensión más profunda del panorama actual y las direcciones futuras en este campo.Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é realizar uma revisão abrangente de artigos científicos sobre as aplicações de inteligência artificial (IA) no comércio eletrônico por meio de análise bibliométrica.
Referencial teórico: O estudo atual utilizou tanto as bases de dados SCOPUS quanto Web of Science (WoS) para enriquecer a análise com uma seleção mais ampla de artigos no campo, incorporando um exame dos documentos mais citados.
Desenho/metodologia/abordagem: O conjunto de dados para análise foi selecionado de acordo com o framework PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses), integrando dados do Scopus e WoS por meio do software R, especificamente utilizando a biblioteca biblioshiny, e inclui 8372 artigos publicados de 1995 a 2023. A análise de dados deste estudo utilizou duas abordagens: análise descritiva para examinar os dados quantitativamente e mapeamento científico para explorar as estruturas intelectuais e sociais dentro do conjunto de dados.
Resultados: Os resultados revelam tendências significativas na aplicação da inteligência artificial no comércio eletrônico, destacando o rápido crescimento do interesse nesta área ao longo da última década. A China emerge como o país com o maior número de citações, com ZHANG Y identificado como o autor mais relevante e HU M como o autor mais citado. Além disso, o estudo identifica palavras-chave prevalentes usadas pelos autores, incluindo análise de sentimento e sistemas de recomendação.
Pesquisa, implicações práticas e sociais: Este estudo destaca o potencial transformador da IA em aprimorar práticas de comércio eletrônico, oferecendo insights tanto para pesquisadores acadêmicos quanto profissionais da indústria, fornecendo perspectivas valiosas sobre tendências atuais e contribuições.
Originalidade/valor: O valor do estudo reside em sua abordagem bibliométrica abrangente, que integra duas bases de dados principais para explorar as aplicações da IA no comércio eletrônico. Esta divergência das revisões anteriores, que frequentemente se baseiam em uma única base de dados, proporciona uma compreensão mais profunda do cenário atual e das direções futuras neste campo
THE INFLUENCE OF COLLABORATION ON INNOVATION AND PRODUCTIVITY IN MSES: A STUDY IN THE PERNAMBUCO FOREST ZONE
Get PDFObjective: The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of collaboration on the construction of innovation in micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in the Zona da Mata of Pernambuco, in order to better understand how collaboration impacts the innovation and productivity of these companies.
Theoretical Framework: The research is based on theories of innovation and business collaboration, with emphasis on the use of the Innovation Radar. References such as Brown (2008) on design thinking and the Oslo Manual (OECD, 2005) on innovation provide the theoretical basis. Collaboration is identified as essential to overcome challenges such as limited resources and insufficient organizational structures.
Method: The methodology adopted involves an analysis of the dimensions of the Innovation Radar in 10 leading productivity companies in the Zona da Mata region of Pernambuco. The study uses a mixed approach, combining quantitative and qualitative analysis. Data was collected through interviews, questionnaires and analysis of the companies' productivity indicators.
Results and Discussion: The results indicate that effective collaboration between entrepreneurs, Local Innovation Agents (LIAs) and professionals from various fields contributes significantly to innovation in MSEs. The discussion contextualizes these results within the theoretical framework, highlighting how the ALI Productivity Program facilitates collaboration and innovation. Limitations of the study include the initial resistance of some companies and the need for ongoing support.
Research Implications: Practical implications include the recommendation of collaborative strategies to foster innovation in MSEs, while theoretical implications reinforce the importance of design thinking and business collaboration. Impacted sectors include local commerce and industry.
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating the importance of collaboration in MSE innovation, an area that has been little explored. The originality lies in the detailed analysis of the dimensions of the Innovation Radar and the integration of design thinking practices with collaborative strategies, offering a replicable model for other regions and business contexts
ANALYZING THE FEELING OF JOB ALIENATION AMONG EMPLOYEES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PERSONAL AND JOB CHARACTERISTICS – A FIELD STUDY AT CEDAR IRON AND STEEL COMPANY IN ANNABA
Get PDFObjective: This study aims to diagnose the reality of alienation from work and reveal the extent to which there are differences whose causes are due to personal and job variables among individuals working at Cedar Iron and Steel Company in the state of Annaba - Algeria.
Theoretical Framework: In this topic, the main concepts and theories that underpin the research are presented by research of Seeman (1959). He presented five dimensions to measure job alienation, and only four dimensions were relied upon, in line with the nature of the current study.
Method: The method of this research is descriptive and analytical, by describing the phenomenon under study, testing hypotheses, and drawing results. Data were collected through questionnaire and data processing using SPSS V23.
Results and Discussion: The study showed that there is a moderate level of work alienation among workers. There are no differences in the sample’s answers regarding the level of job alienation due to personal and job variables, with only one variable, which is gender, in favor of males.
Research Implications: This study monitored the presence of this negative phenomenon, especially among males. This requires developing awareness among managers and leaders and looking for mechanisms to mitigate them, such as encouraging teamwork and enhancing mutual trust between employees and leaders..
Originality/Value: The added value of this research is evident in seeking to mitigate the negative effects of this phenomenon in order to better manage and lead HR
STRATEGIC MARKETING MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS IN THE COMMERCIAL FISHING SECTOR IN THE CITY OF BOGOTÁ- COLÔMBIA
Get PDFObjective: The objective of the study was to develop the analysis of strategic marketing management in the commercial fishing sector in the Paloquemao plaza in Bogotá, in order to increase productivity, based on sustainability models.
Theoretical Framework: In this topic, the sustainability model for SMEs describes how to improve the relationship of a company's human capital and how, based on these, the environmental components are integrated into the processes and therefore the economic component is adjusted by generating a better organizational climate. which permeates the marketing management of companies and improves their visibility as should happen in the commercial fishing sector of the city of Bogota.
Method: An exploratory and comparative study was used, the analysis included a parallel between the theoretical analyzes with the fishing sector of Lima Peru, the sustainability model and marketing models and based on marketing study categories, interviews were conducted with managers of commercial companies. fisheries to then develop a correlation analysis of the categories between the years 2020 and 2023.
Results and Discussion: It was found that informality versus the established company that some distributors only have a warehouse as a warehouse while others have a complete infrastructure; others have a good diversification of products for their clients and finally, marketing is short-term and with little strategic management.
Research Implications: The research shows that there is little access to training on administrative issues, financial management and safety issues for the conservation of the product; little investment in technology and that the lack of marketing in the sector does not make known the benefits and qualities that the product has in its consumption.
Originality/Value: This study contributes to a literature in which it shows in an exploratory way how marketing management is developed in an economic sector of the country and how it impacts its sustainability, as well as showing a possible market strategy to enhance it
FINANCIAL ANALYSIS AND VALUATION OF SELECTED UK LISTED COMPANY: A CASE STUDY
Get PDFObjective: The objective of this study is to investigate the financial analysis and valuation of UK listed companies, with the aim of gaining insight into the financial performance and operational position of Hill and Smith Plc and other key players in the industry.
Theoretical Framework: In this study, the main concepts and theories that underpin the research include the irrelevance theory, trade off theory, pecking order theory and market timing theory. These theories explain the underlying factors that determine the financing and valuation choices of listed firms.
Method: The study adopted the net assets valuation, dividend discount model, free cashflows, earnings model, comparative companies, and comparative transactions valuation methodologies. The study adopted Hill and Smith Plc as a case study, extracting relevant data from its annual financial records.
Results and Discussion: The study revealed a +4.17% abnormal return, suggesting an exceptional performance. It compared financial positions with peers like Morgan Advanced Materials and Keller Group, employing multiple valuation methods. The earnings model indicated a share price of £14.1, suggesting a potential overvaluation in the stock market at £10.0 per share.
Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of corporate finance and valuation. These implications impact various stakeholders such as the researched firms, investors, and academia.
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by highlighting the valuation methodologies employed in the study, emphasisng the importance of accurate valuation techniques in informing investment decisions
STRATEGIC PLAN FOR INTERNAL EMPLOYER BRANDING AT INDONESIA TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY FOR THE PERIOD 2024-2025
Get PDFPurpose: Amidst ongoing changes, employer branding is crucial for attracting and retaining top talent. Given the competitive job market, it's essential to establish the company as an appealing workplace. This study aims to develop an internal employer branding strategy for Company for 2024-2025 by analyzing current practices and identifying key areas for improving the employee value proposition, ultimately enhancing the company's attractiveness to employees.
Methodology: This study utilizes a mixed-methods approach, comprising qualitative descriptive methods through interviews and survey with Company management and employees, and quantitative data collection via surveys distributed among employees, using a Likert scale to evaluate the importance and performance of the company's EVP.
Findings: The research findings will demonstrate the critical importance of employer branding for both internal and external facets of the company. It will highlight the significant benefits of implementing employer branding internally as a corporate strategy for effective employee retention and management. Additionally, the insights gained will be invaluable for the company to understand employee expectations and fulfill promises to employees as an employer.
Originality/Value: This research constitutes a valuable contribution to the literature on employer branding by reinforcing the pivotal role played by employer branding and corporate reputation as instrumental factors in the attraction and retention of employees within the organizational framework
UMA NOVA HEURÍSTICA PARA O PROBLEMA DE ALOCAÇÃO-LOCALIZAÇÃO DE FACILIDADES E MÁXIMA COBERTURA
Get PDFObjetivo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo a apresentação de um algoritmo heurístico por meio de otimização combinatória, buscando soluções viáveis para o problema da alocação-localização de facilidades. Neste caso, o algoritmo será aplicado na coberttura de uma região plana através de círculos com raio de alcance definido.
Referencial Teórico: Existem exemplos clássicos de problemas que podem ser solucionados por otimização combinatória, destacando o problema da cobertura mínima por conjuntos e o problema de localização de máxima cobertura, associados a métodos heurísticos e suas técnicas estocásticas para soluções otimizadas.
Método: Técnicas de otimização combinatória na busca da solução ótima utilizando métodos heurísticos e estocásticos aplicados em problemas de alocação-localização e cobertura de centros de facilidades.
Resultados e Discussão: No fim do processo, o algoritmo define um conjunto de coordenadas cartesianas dos centros dos círculos de cobertura da região plana, que cobrirá os demais pontos que recebem os serviços resultando em uma área ampla de forma maximizada.
Implicações da Pesquisa: Devido a sua versatilidade e baixo custo computacional, este algoritmo demonstrou desempenho na busca de facilidades para determinação de centros cobrindo o máximo de uma região plana. Como futuros trabalhos, este algoritmo pode ser aplicado em pesquisas de outras áreas e problemas clássicos da literatura.
Originalidade/Valor: Este algoritmo poderá ser aplicado a diversas áreas na busca de localização e mapeamento geográfico, pois uma característica importante deste algortimo, além de sua resposta numérica, está na geração de gráficos, facilitou a visualização da localização da cobertura das facilidades
Financial Performance: Cases From Hong Kong-Listed Company
Get PDFPurpose: The purpose of this study is to preliminarily explore the financial performance of Hong Kong listed companies in recent years, so that the public can have a preliminary understanding of the operating conditions of Hong Kong companies in recent years.
Theoretical Framework: Financial performance is whether a business strategy and its implementation and execution are contributing to the ultimate business performance. Financial performance can fully express the effect of cost control, the effect of asset utilization and management, the effect of capital allocation, and the composition of the return on shareholders' equity. Financial performance is mainly reflected in four aspects: profitability, operating ability, solvency and growth ability.
Design/Methodology/Approach: We randomly obtained the annual financial reports of 17 listed companies from 2016 to 2021 from the official website of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. And based on the financial data disclosed in the financial reports of each company, it makes a detailed calculation, analysis and comparison of the profitability, solvency, operating capability and growth capability of each company.
Findings: In recent years, the profitability and operational capabilities of listed companies in Hong Kong have been stable without major fluctuations, but there is still a slight downward trend. The solvency performance is good, and the source of capital flow is relatively reliable. At the same time, the financial performance of listed companies in Hong Kong has also been significantly negatively affected by the spread of the covid-19 pandemic.
Research, Practical & Social Implications: We suggest that in the future, listed companies in Hong Kong should improve their business strategies in a targeted manner to resist the impact of the new crown pandemic and the outside world on business operations.
Originality/Value: The profitability and operating capacity of Hong Kong-listed companies remained stable without much fluctuation, but there was still a slight downward trend. The financial performance of Hong Kong-listed companies has also been significantly negatively affected by the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic