International Journal of Professional Business Review
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Aplicações da análise fatorial e da metodologia de superfície de resposta em problemas de otimização de processos químicos
Get PDFPurpose: This work aims to show two applications of Design of Experiments to optimize processes in chemical industries.
Theoretical Framework: Among the various mathematical modeling approaches, Design of Experiments (DoE) is widely used for the for the implementation of Quality by Design (QbD) in both research and industry. In QbD, understanding the product and the process is the key factor in ensuring the quality of the end product (Politis et al., 2017).
Method: An assessment was made of the best method for creating mathematical models using Pareto graphs, factor graphs, contour graphs, response surface graphs and analysis of variance.
Results and Conclusion: In both case studies, the statistical tools proved to be suitable for analyzing the processes and were able to find the optimum process factors to guarantee the best possible response variable.
Originality/Value: Design of Experiments (DoE) is the main component of the statistical toolbox to deploy Quality by Design in both research and industrial settings.Propósito: El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar dos aplicaciones del Diseño de Experimentos para optimizar procesos en la industria química.
Metodo: Se evaluó el mejor método para crear modelos matemáticos utilizando gráficos de Pareto, gráficos factoriales, gráficos de contorno, gráficos de superficie de respuesta y análisis de varianza.
Resultados y conclusiones :
En ambos casos, las herramientas estadísticas resultaron adecuadas para analizar los procesos y permitieron encontrar los factores de proceso idóneos para garantizar la mejor variable de respuesta posible..
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Palabras clave: Diseño de experimentos; diseño factorial completo; metodología de superficie de respuesta.
Objetivo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar duas aplicações do Design de Experimentos para otimizar processos em indústrias químicas.
Referencial teórico: Entre as várias abordagens de modelagem matemática, o Design de Experimentos (DoE) é amplamente usado para a implementação do Quality by Design (QbD) tanto na pesquisa quanto no setor para a implementação do Quality by Design (QbD) tanto na pesquisa quanto no setor. No QbD, a compreensão do produto e do processo é o principal fator para garantir a qualidade do produto final (Politis et al., 2017).
Método: Foi realizada uma avaliação do melhor método para a criação de modelos matemáticos usando gráficos de Pareto, gráficos de fatores, gráficos de contorno, gráficos de superfície de resposta e análise de variância.
Resultados e Conclusão: Em ambos os estudos de caso, as ferramentas estatísticas se mostraram adequadas para analisar os processos e foram capazes de encontrar os fatores ideais do processo para garantir a melhor variável de resposta possível.
Palavras-chave: Projeto de experimentos; projeto fatorial completo; metodologia de superfície de respost
EXAMINING HUMAN RESOURCE FACTORS INFLUENCING ANALYTICAL DECISION MAKING AND ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS IN TECHNOLOGY DRIVEN COMPANIES
Get PDFPurpose: The primary objective of this research is to analyze and examine the factors contributing to the issues in analytical decision-making in large technology-driven Indian organizations.
Theoretical Framework: The study aims to develop an 'analytical organizational effectiveness model' and 'analytical transformation theory' for technology-driven industries.
Design/Methodology/Approaches: The study adopted a mixed methodology research design using systematic literature review (SLR), exploratory research, expert interviews and quantitative techniques to identify key variables of the study.
Findings: The SLR validated the proposed conceptual model and found that human resource factors influence analytical decision-making and organizational effectiveness.
Research Practical Social Implication: The study provides actionable insights for organizations aiming to enhance decision-making processes. This research advances analytical transformation theory by exploring and identifying key factors influencing organizational analytical transformation. This study emphasizes the human dimension in successful analytical implementation. Developing an 'analytical organizational effectiveness model' for technology-driven industries represents a significant theoretical contribution, offering a structured framework for understanding and assessing analytics within specific organizational contexts.
Originality/Value: This study is more relevant and practically applied to organizations lagging in decision-making and facing a competitive advantage
BANKING SECTOR EFFORTS TO CONTAINMENT/ DAMAGE LIMITATION OF COVID-19 CRISIS AS A PREDICTIVE FACTOR IN THE ABILITY TO RECOVERY OF SMES IN JORDANIAN
Get PDFObjective: The research aims to identify the efforts made by the banking sector to contain the damages caused by the COVID-19 in all its aspects (situation assessment and analysis, and crisis intervention) from the banking sector employees’ perspective. The research also aims to identify the role of the banking sector's efforts in containing the COVID-19 crisis damages on predicting the ability of Jordanian SMEs to recover their activity.
Methodology: The research population consisted of two sub-populations; the first consists a cluster sample was taken from Jordanian banks branch managers, all employees in the risk departments, and employees responsible for credit operations in (Bank of Jordan and the Islamic International Arab Bank), The second subpopulation consists of all SMEs’ owners, 24,000 enterprises in the Northern, Central, and Southern regions of Jordan.
Findings: The study found that there is a positive and statistically significant impact of the banking sector's efforts to contain COVID-19 crisis damage in its dimensions (efforts to assess and analyze the situation and efforts to intervene in the crisis) on the ability of SMEs to recover their activity. The results showed that SMEs suffer from an unprecedented shock and depression in the absence of financial assistance and facilities from the banking sector.
Conclusion: The responses showed (73.33%) of project owners indicated that banks and lenders did not provide any credit facilities
Características do Endividamento no Cartão de Crédito dos Estudantes da Universidade Estadual de Maringá
Get PDFObjective: To analyze the indebtedness, with emphasis on the use of credit cards, as well as the level of financial knowledge, of students at the main campus of the State University of Maringá (UEM) in the year 2023.
Theoretical Framework: Based on the wide use of credit cards as a means of payment and access to credit in a context of high indebtedness and delinquency of Brazilian families. In this context, some aspects of the importance of financial education are addressed.
Method: Application of a questionnaire with questions about the financial habits of UEM students, analyzing the frequency of credit card use, the existence of overdue debts, the level of knowledge about interest and card benefits, as well as aspects about indebtedness and financial planning.
Results and Conclusions: The results showed that the indebtedness profile of UEM students differs from that found in the country. The use of credit cards appears in second place as a preferable means of payment by students, who have a low level of indebtedness and delinquency. However, approximately half of students don´t adopt financial planning practices, which is a worrying fact.
Implications of the Research: The study recommends that universities promote financial education actions with the aim of showing the importance of planning individual finances.
Originality/Value: Scarcity of studies that specifically address college student indebtedness with an emphasis on credit card use.Objetivo: Analizar el endeudamiento, con énfasis en el uso de tarjetas de crédito, así como el nivel de conocimientos financieros, de los estudiantes del campus principal de la Universidad Estatal de Maringá (UEM) en el año 2023.
Marco teórico: Basado en el uso generalizado de tarjetas de crédito como medio de pago y acceso al crédito en un contexto de alto endeudamiento y morosidad de las familias brasileñas. En este contexto, se abordan algunos aspectos de la importancia de la educación financiera.
Método: Aplicación de un cuestionario con preguntas sobre los hábitos financieros de los estudiantes de la UEM, analizando la frecuencia de uso de tarjetas de crédito, la existencia de deudas vencidas, el nivel de conocimiento sobre intereses y beneficios de la tarjeta, así como aspectos sobre endeudamiento y planificación financiera.
Resultados y conclusiones: Los resultados mostraron que el perfil de endeudamiento de los estudiantes de la UEM difiere del encontrado en el país. El uso de tarjetas de crédito aparece en segundo lugar como medio de pago preferente por parte de los estudiantes, quienes tienen un bajo nivel de endeudamiento y morosidad. Sin embargo, aproximadamente la mitad de los estudiantes no adoptan prácticas de planificación financeira, lo cual es preocupante.
Implicaciones de la investigación: El estudio recomienda que las universidades promuevan acciones de educación financiera con el objetivo de mostrar la importancia de planificar las finanzas individuales.
Originalidad/valor: Escasez de estudios que aborden específicamente el endeudamiento de los estudiantes universitarios con énfasis en el uso de tarjetas de crédito.Objetivo: Analisar o endividamento, com ênfase no uso do cartão de crédito, bem como o nível de conhecimento financeiro, dos estudantes do campus sede da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) no ano de 2023.
Referencial teórico: Baseada no amplo uso do cartão de crédito como meio de pagamento e acesso ao crédito num contexto de elevado endividamento e inadimplência das famílias brasileiras. Nesse contexto, aborda-se alguns aspectos da importância da educação financeira.
Método: Aplicação de questionário com perguntas sobre hábitos financeiros dos estudantes da UEM, analisando a frequência de uso do cartão de crédito, a existência de dívidas em atraso, o nível de conhecimento sobre juros e benefícios do cartão, bem como aspectos sobre endividamento e planejamento financeiro.
Resultados e conclusões: Os resultados mostraram que o perfil de endividamento dos estudantes da UEM diverge daquele encontrado no país. O uso do cartão de crédito aparece em segundo lugar como meio de pagamento preferível pelos alunos, que possuem baixo nível de endividamento e inadimplência. No entanto, aproximadamente metade dos estudantes não adotam práticas de planejamento financeiro, o que é preocupante.
Implicações da pesquisa: O estudo recomenda que a universidade promova ações de educação financeira com o objetivo de mostrar a importância do ato de planejar as finanças individuais.
Originalidade/valor: Escassez de estudos que abordam especificamente o endividamento dos estudantes universitários com ênfase no uso do cartão de crédito
STATE-DEPENDENCY IN THE NEXUS BETWEEN DIGITAL FINANCIAL INCLUSION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Get PDFObjective: The objective of this study is to investigate state-dependency in the nexus between digital financial inclusion and economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa, with the aim of examining the impact of adopting digital financial technology to reduce financial exclusion and contribute to economic growth.
Theoretical Framework: The paper extends the work of Sarma (2008) and Khera et al. (2021), by creating a new financial inclusion index that captures both traditional and digital financial inclusion.
Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprises the principal component analysis (PCA) to identify signals in financial inclusion indicators, thereafter financial inclusion indexes for digital and traditional financial services were constructed. The panel quantile regression methodology was employed to analyse the impact of shocks and determine state dependency in the nexus, respectively. Data collection was carried out through secondary sources.
Results and Discussion: The result confirms a positive relationship between digital financial inclusion and economic growth with the greatest impact in countries with lower real GDP, confirming state dependency.
Research Implications: The findings suggest that policymakers should focus on promoting digital financial inclusion, particularly in countries with low to intermediate levels of income.
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by broadening the definition of digital financial inclusion beyond what is currently found in the literature to include vital financial inclusion dimensions such as access to financial services. The relevance and value of this research are further evidenced by the consideration of state-dependency in the relationship between financial inclusion and growth
MANAGERIAL ENTRENCHMENT: SCALE VALIDATION
Get PDFObjective: This work focused on the influence of managerial entrenchment on investment decisions. The objective was to understand the main characteristics of this variable in order to develop an instrument that could measure it..
Theoretical Framework: The decision-making process in finance is influenced by several factors related to the decision maker, such as their psychological and cognitive biases, their risk tolerance, and even their intentions to entrench themselves in the management of a company. Behavioral finance began to address the complexity of the decision-making process, starting from the complexity of the individual themself, displacing the idea of the pragmatic decision of Homo economicus that traditional theory represented
Method: A questionnaire was developed and applied to a sample of 154 managers. Then, the instrument was subjected to an exploratory factor analysis and a reliability test.
Results and Discussion: The findings of this research pointed to three components for measuring managerial entrenchment. These components were called “Managers’ Decision Autonomy”, “Power Hierarchies” and “Freedom of action” in the use of the organization’s financial resources. As a result, the instrument was validated, which was found to be capable of measuring entrenchment with consistent reliability.
Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or measured management entrenchment practices in investment decision-making.
Originality/Value: Thus, this qualitative study contributes both to the finance literature by summarizing the main characteristics of managerial entrenchment and to behavioral finance studies by providing a validation instrument for one of its main subjects of study
IN SEARCH OF INNOVATION IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR: INTERINSTITUTIONAL DIALOGUE BETWEEN CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT
Get PDFObjective: To analyze the relationship between control bodies and management bodies and verify possible tension between them, and what are the causes and consequences for innovation in the public sector.
Theoretical Framework: The theoretical framework provides relevant information about the supervision of the Audit Courts in Brazil and its influence on decision-making, risk aversion and the impact of this aversion on innovations in the Brazilian Public Sector.
Method: The analysis of this research was based on the methodology of Grounded Theory and on carrying out interviews with directors of two municipalities located in the State of Rio de Janeiro and supervisory employees of two Audit Courts and two Internal Affairs Offices located in the State of Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro.
Results and Discussion: The existence of tension between control bodies and management bodies contributes to an environment of insecurity and fear in decision-making in public management. The possible causes of this tension are due to factors originating from both sides and from the public sector inspection relationship itself.
Research Implications: By specifically examining the causes that lead to this tension, this research fills a crucial gap in the literature, offering insights into the challenges and improvements to having a fertile environment for innovation in the public sector
Originality/Value: By understanding the causes that lead to an aversion to risk in relation to innovation, agencies can create mechanisms that create an environment of dialogue and cooperation for innovation in the public sector
PARTICIPATORY MONITORING AND EVALUATION ON COMPLETION OF KENYA POLICE HOUSING SCHEME PROJECTS
Get PDFObjective: The study aimed to investigate how participatory monitoring and evaluation influences completion of Kenya police housing scheme projects.
Theoretical Framework: In this topic, the main concepts and theories that underpin the research are presented. Project Management Theory and Participatory Development Theory stand out, providing a solid basis for understanding the context of the investigation.
Method: Pragmatism paradigm and mixed method design were adopted. The study employed descriptive statistics involving the use of measures of central tendencies and measures of dispersion and inferential statistics to analyze quantitative data. In addition, the researcher conducted a Pearson’s correlation and a simple regression analysis.
Results and Discussion: The study found a strong correlation between the completion of Kenya police housing scheme projects and participatory monitoring and evaluation. The overall F statistics, (F =119.092, p<1.23E-46<0.05), indicated that there was a very statistically significant relationship between participatory monitoring and evaluation (development of TOR, designing participatory instruments, participatory planning for evaluation exercise, and conducting participatory fieldwork) and completion of Kenya police housing scheme projects. The study recommends that Kenya police housing scheme projects should establish an independent monitoring and evaluation department that identifies, analyses, monitors and controls housing projects.
Research Implications: The findings would contribute to practice as it would benefit construction industry professionals and contractors operating in Kenya. By adhering to efficient resource allocation practices, contractors can enhance project efficiency, minimize wastage, and adhere to budget constraints.
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by enriching the existing knowledge on completion of Kenya police housing scheme projects by giving deductions on the relation to participatory monitoring and evaluation. Other scholars used the study results as a locus for future studies in regard to the role of participatory monitoring and evaluation as well as underpinning theories
BIM/BES INTEROPERABILITY: A CASE STUDY BETWEEN REVIT®, DESIGNBUILDER®, IES-VE®, AND E-QUEST®
Get PDFObjective: This study proposes a BIM/BES interoperability test through a case study involving Revit® and three BES software programs: DesignBuilder®, IES-VE®, and e-Quest®.
Theoretical Framework: For thermo-energy analyses, a recognized combination is the BIM (Building Information Modeling) / BES (Building Energy Simulation) pair. This requires data transfer from one software to another. To export the virtual model, it is necessary to generate the energy analytical model in BIM and use transfer protocols for BES software. Various studies have indicated failures in this process.
Method: A case study was used to analyze the interoperability between the software programs, through a 58m² single-family residence. The geometric model was created with its dimensions and layers, input data such as location, thermal properties of materials, and usage data, generating the energy analytical model and exporting it to each BES software. Interoperability was tested based on data transfer analysis, establishing seven criteria.
Results and Discussion: The results indicated failures in interoperability, as none of the software programs exported all the criteria correctly. The BES software with the best results was IES-VE®, with 70.90% of the criteria exported, followed by e-Quest® (65.45%) and DesignBuilder® (45.45%).
Research Implications: The results of this study demonstrate that interoperability challenges limit the potential of the BIM/BES pair.
Originality/Value: Despite studies on this topic, interoperability challenges remain, representing a gap to be filled
THE NECESSITY OF PROTECTING LIVES: THE LUCAS LAW AS A STARTING POINT FOR OTHER LABOR SECTORS
Get PDFObjective: To analyze the importance of first aid within the business context, highlighting the necessity and benefits of training employees to effectively handle emergency situations.
Theoretical Framework: The Lucas Law prevents tragedies by training professionals for emergencies, increasing survival rates. It emphasizes the importance of daily preparedness and serves as a starting point for promoting public policies that encourage companies to train employees in first aid.
Method: A qualitative research was conducted in scientific articles, using an integrative literature review, identifying the theme and guiding question; establishing inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results and Discussion: It is estimated that workplace accidents cause an annual loss of 4% of the global gross domestic product (GDP), with Brazil ranking fourth worldwide in fatal workplace accidents. Research with rural workers showed that 11% suffered some work-related accident within a year. These data highlight the importance of proper training for the prevention of workplace accidents.
Research Implications: This research highlights the importance of first aid training in the business environment, promoting a safe workplace and influencing public policies on accident prevention.
Originality/Value: This study underscores the critical need for first aid in the business environment, offering an innovative approach to training. Its relevance is evidenced by the potential reduction in workplace accidents and the promotion of a safer environmen