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Cinema, Architecture and Domesticity: The Filmic House in Basu Chatterjee’s ‘Piya ka Ghar’
Get PDFThis paper explores the intersection of cinema and architecture to analyse the Filmic House in Hindi film Piya Ka Ghar (Dir. Basu Chatterjee, 1972). It deploys Environment-Behaviour Studies for film interpretation to make readings about the unique habitability and domesticity of chawls, a residential typology evolved in Bombay for communal living in a dense urban situation. The central premise of the film is constructed around the spatial anxieties faced by a young bride having grown up in a spacious village house when she arrives at her new marital home, a single room chawl tenement that is home to five other people besides her husband, and is always overrun by chawl friends. This marital house (or ‘The Home of the Beloved’, of the title) and its extreme utilisation of space is the source of her anxieties and impacts her behaviour. The lived space rendered in the film and its architectural mise-en-scene is found to communicate about the strategies of adaptation and possible reconciliation to a life in chawl. It also communicates nuanced meanings about the generally understood notions of domesticity such as home as a private and inner domain vis-à-vis the world outside by showing their fluidity in the context of chawl living.
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Windows for Evaluating the Impact on Human Comfort in Academic Studios in Bangladesh
Get PDFDespite the fact that windows have a vast scale sway on thermal environment bearing in mind window dimensions and alignments, more often than not, for naturally ventilated architectural design studios in Dhaka it ends up being troublesome to give the agreeable warm condition for educating and learning within the studios due to high temperature amid summer term. As a result, electrical means are required to make non-natural condition that puts mammoth weight on the complete national energy need. This examination intends to discover a compelling window classification from accessible window setups in existing architecture studios, situated in various open and private colleges in Dhaka through simulation readings for enhancing the thermal conditions, which can be seen as agreeable by a large portion of the inhabitants, as indicated by PMV-PPD. Field examination was done to distinguish the current windows, which are utilized in architecture studios with regards to Dhaka. At that point, the case design studio was chosen and simulation instrument EnergyPlusTM was utilized for estimating the execution of the accessible window arrangements as for thermal conditions. For the simulation study at the last stage, the test points and core test points of virtual 3D-case studio were established. In light of the investigation, for architecture design studios in Dhaka, ‘segregated viewing windows’ classification was deemed as best among the chosen window classes
Sensitivity in Residential Design Towards Sustainability - A Vernacular Approach
Get PDFVernacular design depicts a visual imagery of myriad layers of environmental, socio-cultural and economical ways of life. Initially, the development of Vernacular concepts originated with articulation of spaces to accommodate different forms of shelter appropriate to micro and macro climatic conditions across varied geographical locations.Later, it established an affinity for the place where the landscapes embraced these indigenous resources and practices and ensured compatibility between people, nature and human built environment. Hence, a reflexive relationship between nature and built environment which includes the necessity to create and adopt the right methodology evolved with time.Further, this pragmatic approach not only stands as an evidence to prove the positive impact it has on the environment but also holds the key to a sustainable development. An insight into diverse residential development patterns across different geographical locations in Indian subcontinent substantiates the above statement. The parameters that dictate the built form of these dwellings also contribute to the degree of design sensitivity towards the sustenance of that built form. This paper specifically analyses the factors that define the scope of residential planning across Peninsular India, North - Western regions and North -Eastern parts of India. This paper will also investigate the resilient nature of these factors which play a predominant role in the providing a conducive environment for sustainable development.
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Visual Perception of Engineering Institutional Campuses’ Entrance Edifices of Tamil Nadu Region, India
Get PDFInstitutional Campuses are increasing in numbers but struggling to market themselves in a highly competitive business domain. The entrance edifice of these campuses is an Artifact, presenting a visual representation of their imperial status in society. To empirically analyze how these edifices create meaning in recently established campuses, this paper presents a series of qualitative case studies from the Tamil Nadu region of India. Specifically, it seeks to identify the visual elements of the entrance edifice that influence observers’ perceptions of the Institutional Campus. With this regard, visual elements of the entrance edifice and their physical characters were examined and expand into a questionnaire. Through follow-up interviews with observers on the campus and analyses of the entrance edifice at each Institution, several themes were identified in the observers’ perceptions. The empirical findings suggest that several visual elements can significantly impact the visual perception of an Institutional Campus’s image: Form Identity, Architectural Elements, Scale and Portion, and Color and Material. Integrating these elements into an Institutional Campus entrance edifice design can strengthen its image in urban settings, potentially building up the image for the urban populations around the campus
Importance of Architecture and Planning of Kanchipuram and the Dynamics of Implementing Architectural Restoration
Get PDFThe importance of traditional architecture and planning of Kanchipuram is expressed through a set of objective and subjective map based indicators. The analysis is done at the block level. The results brings out values expressing the epitome of the traditional architecture and planning. The paper presents the map based analysis of the traditional core. The map based analysis perceives changes in the tissues of the study area. The paper emphasizes the importance of social activities as a key to good urban life. The importance of social activities in par with physical component holding it is also presented. A subjective note on climatic considerations at the block level is given based on observations. To compliment conservation measures, a feasibility study to revamp vernacular elements in the modern facades of the city is probed. Stated preference survey method was adopted for the feasibility study. Emphasis is given to public participation and professional involvement in the process of planning and implementing conservation measures. The measures shall realize economic development and life processes. Further certain morale ethics involved in the process methods of planning is discussed. Though the changes are high; the city upholds bright quos towards conservation pertaining to acceptance of traditional aspects and the urge for socialization
Lessons from Joglo’s Tectonic Adaptability for Sustainable Future
Get PDFIn order to accommodate the dynamic human activities, built environments should always be in a constant change. Demolishing, building a new or renovating building are not suitable anymore due to high cost and effort, thus discussions on creating adaptable architecture has increased significantly. This paper suggests that architects can learn from vernacular buildings which already have the capacity to adapt from hundreds years ago. A Javanese vernacular architecture type, known as Joglo, is chosen as case study due to its unique adaptability. Joglo, as a house and pendopo, has existed since the year 1700s, and it is still reuse until now as gallery, office, café/restaurant, (modern) house, hotel and shops in various locations, even outside Java Island. The analysis is divided into two phases; identifying Joglo’s adaptability by dissecting the building components according to Brand’s layers to evaluate which part of buildings changes and how much, identifying the relations between buildings’ layers and the joints’ construction with the aid of a 1:65 scale model to seek a better understanding of six adaptability strategy. In the end, the paper reveal that Joglo’s adaptability is deeply influenced by the durability of materials and the knock-down tectonic character. Hopefully, this traditional wisdom of vernacular building can be developed for the creation of sustainable architecture of the future
Pushing Limits of Leanness in Japanese Architecture: Modern Interpretations of the Frame Structure through Collaboration of Japanese Architects with Structural Engineers
Get PDFThe purpose of this research paper is to clarify the design intentions and methodology behind the experimental application of the Frame Structure by some contemporary Japanese architects through collaboration with structural engineers. The ‘Frame’ is the simplest of structure systems, but was applied to iconic structures such as the Parthenon and Le Corbusier’s Dom-Ino House, each example expressing artistic concepts and technical skills of the concerned era. One of the recent concepts seen in 21st century modern Japanese architecture is the ‘pursuit of transparency and thinness’. This is especially true of SANAA, are presentative group of architects, who – in close collaboration with structural engineers – pursue the quality of extreme thinness in columns and roofs, creatively exploring new methods of using framed structures. This paper focuses on three such projects that exploit the structural aspects of frame construction and, makes an attempt to understand the architects’ intention behind the designs. It presents an analysis of the contemporary interpretation of the traditional frame structure, used by the architects to apparently dissolve the material presence of the building and make it become part of the surroundings. These innovative attempts, made possible through collaboration between architects and structural engineers, signify one of the significant expressions of modernity in Japan
Nurturing Children’s Health Through Neighbourhood Morphology
Get PDFAmong the key factors required for the adequate development and growth of children’s physical and mental health is the child’s outdoor activities. Master plans are inclusive and provide sustainable settlements when they accommodate and respond to children. An understanding of the child’s need for outdoor spaces will help build better public spaces thereby providing opportunities for better physical, mental and emotional health of children. This paper is an effort to explore those environmental settings which are conducive for their physical activities. It tries to uncover the spatial planning approach which can contribute to child friendly spaces. The study is an investigation and a comparative analysis of a planned and an organic settlement in an urban fabric; HSR layout and Mangammanapalya in Bangalore, India. A qualitative analysis of the various layers of the physical settings has been done. The investigations reveal how each settlement caters to and supports the physical needs of children. The goal is to make use of these findings in the future planning and design intervention of neighbourhoods. The findings for the planned settlement, HSR revealed the presence of amenities like parks, playgrounds and sports facilities which the children frequented. The organic settlement lacked the presence of parks but the street network pattern revealed a majority of dead ends which are used as play spaces by children. Increase in commercial use in the settlement of HSR brought about the threat of traffic and stranger danger which act as deterrents to the independent mobility of the child while Mangammanapalya because of its cul de sacs which discourage through traffic offered a relatively safe and sustainable environment for play and mobility on its streets. A child friendly route could act as a safe and interesting path for children to explore the neighbourhood
Alternative Modernity of the Princely states- Evaluating the Architecture of Sayajirao Gaekwad of Baroda
Get PDFThe first half of the 20th century was a turning point in the history of India with provincial rulers making significant development that had positive contribution and lasting influence on India’s growth. They served as architects, influencing not only the socio-cultural and economic growth but also the development of urban built form. Sayajirao Gaekwad III was the Maharaja of Baroda State from 1875 to 1939, and is notably remembered for his reforms. His pursuit for education led to establishment of Maharaja Sayajirao University and the Central Library that are unique examples of Architecture and structural systems. He brought many known architects from around the world to Baroda including Major Charles Mant, Robert Chrisholm and Charles Frederick Stevens. The proposals of the urban planner Patrick Geddes led to vital changes in the urban form of the core city area. New materials and technology introduced by these architects such as use of Belgium glass in the flooring of the central library for introducing natural light were revolutionary for that period. Sayajirao’s vision for water works, legal systems, market enterprises have all been translated into unique architectural heritage of the 20th century which signifies innovations that had a lasting influence on the city’s social, economic, administrative structure as well as built form of the city and its architecture. This paper demonstrates how the reformist ideas and vision of an erstwhile provincial ruler lead to significant architecture at the turn of the century in Princely state of Vadodara.
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Water Sensitive Development of New Towns –A Regional Development Approach
Get PDFWater is an important natural resource which is becoming scarcer day by day. Conservation of water and exploring alternative sources is therefore important in the given context. The present paper addresses the issue of water sensitive development on a regional scale and tries to suggest skeletal guidelines for an action plan to be implemented as a part of national policy. Also the paper aims to look at the entire profile of the rural base and adjoining urban areas along withthe socio-economic characteristics, habitat conditions, settlement pattern, materials and technology incorporated for construction, successful case studies of revival of a few traditional water harvesting systems, the neglect in recent times, water sensitive development of hamlets on a regional scale and the role of architecture and planning in water sensitive development. It also explores the principles and strategies of run -off quality and quantity management along with flood management and integrated design that highlights economic, environmental and social benefits of such development. The paper endeavors to emphasize the regional context in water sensitive development rather than a settlement specific context as it is a much holistic approach considering the local macro and micro climate, flora, fauna and the drainage pattern.