International Journal of Nutrology
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Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia recomenda o sistema Nutri-Score como modelo de avaliação do perfil nutricional de alimentos industrializados
Get PDFOrganized societies, government and industry have sought ways to ensure they can provide consumers with reliable and easy-to-interpret nutritional information. One of the aspects that has been discussed refers to the possibility of offering a greater number of data, in relation to critical aspects of health, which can decode, without replacing, those already present in the list of ingredients and in the nutritional information table, in order to allow rapid interpretation. In this sense, the Brazilian Association of Nutrology is seeking to collaborate with this initiative by proposing the use of the Nutri-Score model, in an adapted form, as a method of informing the nutritional profile. This document reviews this model, demonstrates its scientific validation and suggests adaptations in order to make it more informative
Nutritional Management of Critically Ill Patients Infected with SARS-CoV-2
Get PDFEarly nutritional therapy is essential to ensure the maintenance of adequate energy/protein intake for critically ill patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, this poses a major challenge when it comes to individuals on mechanical ventilation in prone position. Therefore, the present work presents a nutritional therapy flowchart developed for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection to guide nutritional management and ensure that energy/protein intake goals are met, thus favoring a positive clinical outcome
Facing the BANI World
Get PDFWe have already passed through the VUCA World. We must now face the BANI World. In VUCA World, the pillars were Volatility, Unpredictability, Complexity, and Ambiguity. In more recent times, especially with the Covid-19 Pandemic, we live in what the anthropologist, historian, and futurologist Jamais Cascio called BANI World, an acronym for the terms Brittle, Anxiety, Non-Linearity and Incomprehensible.
IJN is aware of this change and has sought to bring in its publications, current concepts, and rules of procedure in line with this new vision. And this, we Editors consider being extremely relevant because we want everyone to be able to assimilate the advance of knowledge that grows in a fast and non-linear way, without the wear and tear of anxiety and in the most understandable way possible.
We look forward to your contributions by sending your studies and research for publication.
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The Editor
Ethics in medical research and the essential bureaucracy of ethics committees: an experience report
Get PDFSince October 1996, Brazil has a new regulation on research involving human beings, it is the Resolution nº 196 of 1996 of the National Health Council, instance in which the National Research Ethics Commission and the Ethics Committees were created in Research – EC. This resolution says that each and every research project, in any area, involving human beings must contain an analysis of ethical aspects – carried out by the researcher himself – and be approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Research involving human beings is understood to be that which, individually or collectively, directly or indirectly involves human beings, in their entirety or parts of them. This article reports the difficulties in developing a research project that will later be approved by an EC, but with an emphasis on why these difficulties exist
Assessment of the nutritional profile through the 24-hour record in truckers in the central-southern Brazilian region: a prospective observational cross-sectional study
Get PDFIntroduction: Truck drivers are of great importance to the Brazilian economy. The exorbitant workload and long periods away from home are causes of the adoption of unhealthy eating habits, such as the intake of foods that are sources of lipids with high caloric value. Extensive travel contributes to a sedentary lifestyle. This causes health damage and comorbidities such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, stress, and depression. Based on these considerations, the present study evaluates the nutritional profile of truck drivers. Objective: It was to evaluate the food quality of truck drivers in the Center-South Geoeconomic Region of the country, comparing the portions of macronutrients consumed with those recommended by the Brazilian Food Pyramid. Methods: Observational and cross-sectional study. The consumption of macronutrients by 100 truck drivers from the states of São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul and Goiás was qualitatively evaluated. The research used 24-hour food recalls, completed online, via Google Forms, between June and September 2020. Statistical analysis was obtained by calculating the Wilcoxon's non-parametric test to compare the medians of ingested portions and the ideas. Results: The Wilcoxon test identified significant differences between the number of servings consumed by truck drivers and the recommended ideal with regard to fruits, vegetables/vegetables, oils/fats, meats/eggs, sweets/sugars, milk, cheese and derivatives (p<0.0001). Only the portions of carbohydrates were in accordance with the nutritional recommendations, that is, six portions a day (ns). In the class of sugars and sweets, consumption four times higher than recommended was observed. In the meat and eggs category, consumption was double the ideal. In oils and fats, triple the recommended value. The consumption of milk and dairy products is three times less than ideal, such as vegetables. Finally, the average value of fruit portions eaten by truck drivers was zero, while the recommended value is three. Conclusion: Among the food groups analyzed, carbohydrates were the only group in which consumption was adequate. There was a significant excess of sweets and fats intake by truck drivers, when compared to the ideal amount indicated by the food pyramid. The intake of milk and dairy products, vegetables and legumes was deficient, three times lower than recommended. Fruits counted as a median intake value of zero servings
Nutrological and metabolic approaches to the action of the some special micronutrients in heart failure and metabolic syndrome: a systematic review
Get PDFIntroduction: In the heart disease scenario, heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of hospitalizations in the United States in patients over 65 years of age, and there is evidence that this pathology affects 26 million people worldwide. Dietary guidance for patients with HF has focused on sodium restriction and fluid intake, but diet quality is often poor in HF patients and can contribute to morbidity and mortality. Restrictive diets can lead to inadequate intake of macro and micronutrients by patients with HF, highlighting deficiencies in calcium, magnesium, coenzyme Q10, zinc, iron, thiamine, vitamins D, E, and K, and folate. Objective: Through a systematic literature review, the main nutrological approaches to the action of the micronutrients magnesium, coenzyme Q10, and vitamin D in heart failure and metabolic syndrome were evidenced. Methods: The present study followed a concise systematic review model (PRISMA). The literary search process was carried out from August 2022 to September 2022 and was developed based on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar, using scientific articles from 1998 to 2022. The low quality of evidence was attributed to reports of cases, editorials, and brief communications, according to the GRADE instrument. The risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: The total of 136 studies were found for eligibility analysis, and then 75 of the 84 total studies were selected for this systematic review. According to the GRADE instrument, most studies showed homogeneity in their results, with I2 =98.7% >50%. The Funnel Plot showed a symmetrical behavior, not suggesting a significant risk of bias in studies with smaller sample sizes. Studies have shown that magnesium deficiency or changes in its metabolism are related to the pathophysiology of heart failure, hypertension, arrhythmias, preeclampsia, insulin resistance, and diabetes. Vitamin D plays an important role in innate and adaptive immune responses, cell cycle, and metabolic processes, evidenced by the reported relationship between its deficiency and the prevalence of immunity-mediated disorders, cancer, and cardiometabolic diseases. The VDR results in β cells, endothelium, cardiac myocytes, and renin production suggesting a role for vitamin D in these diseases. Coenzyme Q10 is part of the electron transport chain and is found in large concentrations in the mitochondrial, especially in the muscles, brain, and heart. Clinical studies have shown that pathologies such as acute myocardial infarction, arterial hypertension, and myopathies induced by statins, physical fatigue inherent in physical exercise, male infertility, preeclampsia, Parkinson's disease, periodontal disease, and migraine had low plasma concentrations of coenzyme Q10
Efeitos benéficos do açaí
Get PDFThe açaí fruit of amazon region has a pulp with nutritive value due to it's high levels of Omegas 6 and 9 fatty acids, beyond carbohydrates, fibers, vitamin E, proteins, minerals (Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr) and large amount of antioxidants. Anthocyanins, proanthocyanins and others flavanoids are phytochemicals, but the anthocyanins are considered to contribute to increased antioxidant capacity of açai pulp. The açaí compounds probably have beneficial effects as anti-inflammtory, on immunologic profile, dyslipidemia, diabetes type 2, metabolic syndrome, cancer and antiaging effects. It is necessary to follow standardizing methods for long term storage of the product, to maintain a stable antioxidant capacity and activity of the ingredients. There is a need for more randomized controlled researchers in vivo to assess the benefits and mechanism of action of the açaí nutrients
Failure of a single nutrition counseling session for climacteric women
Get PDFBackground: Due to the alarming growth of obesity over the world, strategies of nutritional guidance are necessary for the treatment and prevention of this disease. Thus, the objective of the present study was to provide a single session of nutritional counseling to a group of climacteric women and to assess the efficacy of this procedure 2 years later and to calculate the concordance between methods that evaluate body composition.
Methods: Anthropometric, dietary and physical activity data were collected from the volunteers studied, who were then counseled about correct eating habits and the importance of physical activity during a single visit lasting 120 minutes. Two years later, the same women were reevaluated on the basis of the same criteria as used for the initial evaluation. Body composition and energy expenditure were assessed by bioelectrical impedance, DXA and indirect calorimetry, and food intake was calculated. Anthropometric measurements were made and laboratory tests were also performed. The initial and final analyses were compared statistically by the Wilcoxon test for paired samples and the St. Laurent test was applied to determine the concordance of the methods for the determination of body composition.
Results: Ten women were followed up during the study period and their mean (±SD) age was 54 ± 8 years at the beginning of the study. The dietary history of the subjects studied showed deficient intake of calcium, vitamins, zinc and fibers both at the beginning and at the end of the study. A greater intake of cholesterol and carbohydrates occurred at the end of the study. The anthropometric measurements and all other body composition measurements remained constant, with concordance between the anthropometric and DXA measurements regarding body mass.
Conclusion: The data show the inefficiency of a single visit or counseling session regarding a change of nutritional habits in these patients, despite the limited number of participants
Effects of Sodium Cyclamate and Aspartame on the Rat Placenta - A Morphometric Study
Get PDFObjective: To evaluate the effects on the placenta of the administration to rats during embryogenesis, of sodium cyclamate or aspartame. Method: Administration of respectively, 14 mg/kg of aspartame via an orogastric sound to a group of rats during their tenth to fourteenth day of pregnancy, of 60 mg/kg of sodium cyclamate intraperitonially to another group, and of equivalent volumes of saline by the same routes to controls. On the twentieth day of pregnancy five foetuses of each group were aleatorily selected for study. Kariometry was used to evaluate nuclear parameters of the decidua, spongy layers and chorionic villi of the placenta. Results: Weights of foetuses and placentas, as well as lengths of cords were lower in treated rats, compared to control. While no changes were observed in the decidual layer of the cyclamate-treated group, this layer was altered by aspartame treatment. Nuclear parameters in the spongy layer and chorionic villi were altered in both, cyclamate and aspartame-treated groups. Conclusions: The study numerically demonstrated placenta intoxication by sodium cyclamate or aspartame and consequent repercussion on foetuses of the use of these substances during pregnancy
Abordagem nutrológica do transtorno do déficit de atenção e hiperatividade em crianças
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to conduct a non-systematic literature review on the nutrological approach to the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children. The numerous nutrological treatments that have been proposed include restriction and elimination diets (REDs), supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids, iron, zinc and magnesium