International Journal of Nutrology
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Esofagite eosinofílica na infância
Get PDFEosinophilic esophagitis is immune disease characterized by 15 or more eosinophils to microscopic biopsy of the esophageal mucosa in higher increase field. It mainly affects adults (20% in children). The clinical manifestations are vomiting, regurgitation, difficulty feeding, abdominal pain and retrosternal, dysphagia and food impaction. They vary with age. The first symptoms are more common in children. The diagnosis should only be considered after peptic disease exclusion with proton pump inhibitors. There are two options for treatment: corticosteroids for topical use in the esophageal mucosa dissolved in viscous solution for at least 8 weeks; exclusion of possible antigens - cow’s milk, egg, peanut, soy, starch, seafood, nuts and meat. Patients may progress to cure or have frequent recurrences. Many research is needed to better understand this disease
Resposta inflamatória e alterações nutricionais: biomarcadores
Get PDFThe opening session in 49th Annual Meeting of The European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN 2016) was performed by Professor George P. Chrousos. He is among the 250 most prominent clinical investigators in the world. Professor George P. Chrousos explained about several situations that there is a link between stress and inflammation. Inflammatory processes and nutritional conditions are related to several causes of metabolic stress. Malnutrition (cachexia) and obesity are associated with inflammation and increased risks of immunologic disorders, infection, Diabetes Mellitus type II, Metabolic Syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. Biomarkers have the potential to diagnose, monitor, stratify and predict outcome of several syndromes. The most known example is the systemic inflammatory response syndrome that can affect nutritional status. Biomarkers can evaluate both conditions and several of them are utilized: albumin, C-reactive protein, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium, magnesium, total protein, transferrin, triglycerides, zinc. Future studies will be necessary to establish the worth of inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers in prognosis (morbidity and mortality)
Consenso da Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia sobre o uso de suplementos alimentares para crianças com dificuldades alimentares
Get PDFIntroduction: Feeding difficulties are extremely frequent complaints in the pediatric age group, being relevant the standardization of the behaviors by the professionals involved in the treatment. One of the tools that can be used is nutritional supplementation. Objectives: To establish the recommendations of the Brazilian Association of Nutrology on the use of supplements for the child with feeding difficulties. Methods: Revision of the scientific literature of the last fifty years in relation to the proposed theme. Conclusions: Recommendations are made about the use of supplements for the child with feeding difficulties
Padrões de referência nutricionais na população de crianças com paralisia cerebral: uma revisão analítica
Get PDFGrowth and nutrition disorders are frequent health problems in children with cerebral palsy (CP). These nutritional disorders may lead to impaired motor and cognitive development, socialization, and increased need for health care and hospital admission. Even under adequate conditions (appropriate environment and regular medical care), children with CP grow more slowly than those without chronic health conditions and have unique growth patterns. In general, health teams use as a reference the growth curves for populations without neurological deficit, which are not suitable for children with CP, since this population has a distinct growth. In the last decades, researchers have been building specific growth curves for the PC. To date, there are five published references. Choosing the best reference for this population is a difficult task. However, the growth curves developed by Brooks et al. seem to be more reliable and are the most used in specialized centers for these children and adolescents. They are simple, methodologically safer, based on a large representative sample of all motor development groups and are related to clinical outcomes. Nevertheless, it needs further studies to prove its quality, especially in different contexts. However, because of the importance of evaluating each child/adolescent with their specific growth curve for their illness, it is suggested that it should be integrated into the anthropometric evaluation along with other nutritional parameters in clinical practice
Estratégias fotoprotetoras contra fotocarcinogênese e fotoenvelhecimento
Get PDFThe sunlight is not only indispensable to life and physiological processes, but it is also associated with the development of photoaging and, in some more severe cases, with photocarcinogenesis in genetically prone and vulnerable phototype populations in a proportional exposure/risk ratio. Considering the different methods of solar protection, especially the various formulations of organic and inorganic sunscreens, the present study aimed to review the best protective strategy against the damaging effects of the sun rays, enabling the sustainable promotion of health and quality of life. We have concluded that the use of clothing protecting agents associated with sunscreens of wide spectrum—those that combine inorganic/barrier compounds with organic/filtering agents—results in the most efficient solar protection combination, by associating a higher degree of UVA and UVB waves protection with high photostability and water stability to subjects under sustained sun exposure, especially those who work under these conditions
Distorção da autopercepção de imagem corporal em adolescentes
Get PDFIntroduction: During adolescence, a period of acceleration of growth and body changes, there may be contending behaviors that make the individual vulnerable to concerns about his or her body and appearance. Objective: To verify the presence of body image self-perception distortion in adolescents of the city of Ribeirão Preto, SP. Methods: The present work is a cross-sectional, observational and analytical study. A total of 343 adolescents aged between 12 and 19 years old and belonging to the Professional Information Program (PIP, in the Portuguese acronym) of the University of Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo, Brazil, were evaluated. The adolescents responded how they considered themselves in relation to their body weight. Anthropometric measurements of the participants (weight, height, and body mass index [BMI]) were performed. The presence of body image distortion was assessed through the discrepancy between the BMI diagnosed by the professional and the BMI perceived by the adolescent. Results: There was a prevalence of 41.7% of adolescents with body image distortion, either due to overestimation or underestimation of the body size. Female adolescents had greater distortions in the perception of self-image. The overestimation of body image was higher in eutrophic adolescents, while the underestimation was greater in obese and overweight adolescents. Conclusion: The results indicate the need to implement public policies and projects within the school context for the prevention of body image and eating disorders, including in eutrophic adolescents
Autismo: aspectos nutrológicos das dietas e possível etiologia
Get PDFAutism spectrum disorders (ASDs) refer to a group of disorders characterized by a shared spectrum of qualitative impairments in social interaction, associated with repetitive behavior and pronounced restricted interests. The causes of this illness are still unknown, but due to the great incidence of affected children, nowadays, dietary interventions have been studied and disseminated in order to improve the psychiatric and physical symptoms of the patients affected by ASDs. Exclusion diets have become more popular among parents who seek treatment for children diagnosed with autism, such as the ketogenic diet, the specific carbohydrate diet, the Feingold diet, the low oxalate diet, the gluten-free and casein-free diet (GFCF), as well as vitamin complex supplementation. The goal of the present literature review is to assess whether the GFCF diet, which is the most widespread and adopted option lately, is effective and also its nutritional consequences. Method: A bibliographic review of articles published during the past 5 years was performed. Conclusion: The GFCF diet is the most studied one and seems to improve the behavior and the gastrointestinal disorders of children with ASDs
Processamento caseiro de congelamento e descongelamento por microondas e sua relação com o conteúdo de vitaminas e minerais (revisando o uso de microondas e congelamento)
Get PDFSince 2004. a review about the effect of freezing and microwaves in vitamins and minerals has been evaluated. The freezing is one of the process more natural to keep food shelf-life mainly due to the lack of sensorial changes even when the food is cooked and precooked. However, if the food is raw, the freezing must 'be applied carefully and fast to avoid ice crystals formation, which break through the food structure and may alter food texture, flavor, color, and even odor. The freezing may also avoid or even reduce the microorganisms viability, oxygen and enzyme actions that may accelerate the degradation process, always when handled under hygiene-sanitary conditions. The microwaves uses micro irradiation -radiation from short waves and low frequency to warm up foods. It’s action makes the water molecules present in the food cheer generating heat, which spread through food molecules to heat and cook them (Komaroff, 2015). Nowadays is well-known the fast heating provoked by microwaves is one of the less damaged to the nutrients. Th reason why is the time spent to cook food, as longer easier to break down the food structure to have denatured and destabilized nutrients. The fact of is not need to add water to cook feed lead to preserve better the hydro soluble vitamins. Therefore, there is no significant vitamins and minerals loss using these food process techniques
Efeitos e segurança do uso pré-operatório de glutamina ou Whey Protein: Uma revisão sistemática
Get PDFBackground and Aim: Prolonged fasting increases postoperative insulin resistance, complicating surgical convalescence. Carbohydrate oral load 2 hours before surgery reduces unfavorable clinical outcomes. Would adding glutamine or whey protein to this solution be safe and could the patients have even greater benefits? Methods: Systematic review made from two databases using the following Medical Subject Headings: preoperative care or preoperative period associated with glutamine and then with whey protein. A total of 160 articles were found. After applying search filters and exclusion criteria, 16 articles were included in the present review. Results: All articles included are randomized clinical trials. Among those evaluating safety, none found adverse events or increased anesthesia risk when using glutamine or whey protein. Articles that investigated efficacy showed a reduction in insulin resistance and in inflammatory mediators and an increase in serum proteins and total antioxidant capacity in those who used the protein solution. Few authors could relate these laboratory findings to optimized clinical outcomes, except for two that used preoperative glutamine before cardiac surgery. Conclusion: Preoperative glutamine or whey protein has shown safety and postoperative laboratory benefits. Studies still need to be able to demonstrate greater clinical recovery when using preoperative protein