35180 research outputs found
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Klickitat County Resource Guide - Washington
Full text linkCounty level and region-specific resource guides focused on mental health and substance use
Clearwater County Resource Guide - Idaho
Full text linkCounty level and region-specific resource guides focused on mental health and substance use
King North County Resource Guide - Washington
Full text linkCounty level and region-specific resource guides focused on mental health and substance use
Assessing the effect of composition on dielectric constant of sustainable aviation fuel
Full text link•Dielectric constants for 35 individual molecules and 6 SAFs are compared to 172 jet fuels.•Hydrocarbon types contribute differently to the Clausius-Mossotti relationship.•100% drop-in capacitance-based FQIS-compatible SAF compositions need aromatics.•Two blending rules were validated for the dielectric constant of jet fuel range hydrocarbons.One of the challenges in developing 100% sustainable aviation fuels is the effect of synthetic blend components on the dielectric constant. Modern aircraft often employ capacitance-based gauging systems that rely on the dielectric constant of the fuel onboard to determine fuel quantity. Aircraft manufacturers have expressed concern over inaccuracies in fuel gauging attributable to variances in the dielectric constant between conventional jet fuels and 100% paraffinic sustainable aviation fuel. In our study, dielectric constant and density data were gathered from 172 conventional jet fuel samples to establish a baseline “experience range.” Subsequently, thirty-five individual hydrocarbon molecules from the jet fuel range and nine fuels were acquired, characterized, and reported herein according to the Clausius-Mossotti relationship. Our findings indicate that different hydrocarbon group types exert varying effects on the Clausius-Mossotti relationship. To align with the established experience range for both the dielectric constant and the Clausius-Mossotti relationship, it appears that 100% drop-in SAF will need to incorporate some aromatic compounds. Finally, we explored two blending rules for the dielectric constant of jet fuel range hydrocarbons and achieved excellent coefficients of determination (R2 values of 0.9942 and 0.9983, respectively)
AI in Action: Reimagining Metadata and Cataloging with Chatbots and OpenAI
No full textMachine learning and Natural Language Processing (NLP) in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have significantly impacted libraries’ technical services practices, including content extraction, classification, and text generation. Chatbots and the OpenAI API are being utilized by libraries to streamline metadata work and enhance workflows on a global scale. This presentation will share the University of Central Florida’s experiences with using the OpenAI API to assign Faceted Application of Subject Terminology (FAST) headings and keywords to their digital collections in the Digital Commons-based Institutional Repository, as well as traditional collections such as theses and dissertations in Ex Libris’ Alma. In generating FAST headings, OCLC’s FAST Reconciliation Service was integrated into the AI dataflow and coding. This presentation will cover multiple rounds of testing that were conducted to refine the prompts and improve outcomes, as well as the development and application of evaluation rubrics. It will also address the ethical applications of AI and considerations of diversity and inclusion in AI content generation. The presentation will conclude with a discussion on next steps for applying AI in metadata and cataloging tasks, aiming to reimagine, refocus, and reset the paths for libraries to enhance resource discovery and user engagement for the future.</p
Effective Reinforcement Learning With Information Reuse From Multiple Demonstrators
Full text linkReinforcement learning (RL) methods may suffer from slow learning and poor initial performance in complex domains. Learning from demonstration (LfD) has emerged as a successful technique to speed up RL. This dissertation focuses on how to effectively extract and reuse information from multiple demonstrators (or demonstrations). First, we introduce the Flexible Two-level Structured Approach (FTSA), which combines action advice from multiple demonstrations using insights from contextual bandit problems and probabilistic policy reuse. Second, we develop the Two-Level Actor-Critic (TL-AC) network structure that can dynamically determine when and which demonstrator’s advice to incorporate during the learning process. Our experimental evaluations across multiple domains demonstrate that these approaches could efficiently improve learning. Additionally, we present initial investigations into comparing different advising modalities. This research contributes to the broader goal of creating sample-efficient RL systems capable of leveraging imperfect prior knowledge in complex, real-world applications
Examining the Baby Preparation and Worry Scale (Baby-PAWS) in a Czech Sample
Full text linkResearch examining distress during pregnancy provides insight into maternal wellbeing and the relationship between prenatal stress exposure and child development. While measures are available to assess mental health during pregnancy (e.g., depression, anxiety), development of the Baby Preparation and Worry Scale (Baby-PAWS; Erickson et al., 2020) allows for examination of anticipatory worry during pregnancy, including: worries concerning support from one’s partner, non-parental childcare, and baby caregiving. The present study examines the validity of Baby-PAWS in a Czech sample, allowing for cross-cultural comparisons. Healthy pregnant women (N = 167) completed questionnaires during their third trimester and 6-8 weeks postpartum including: Baby-PAWS, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Pregnancy Related Anxieties Questionnaire-Revised (PRAQ-R), Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised Very Short Form (IBQ-R VSF), and demographic information. The proposed study intends to examine the 1) the factor structure of the Baby-PAWS 16-item scale in a Czech sample; (2) internal consistency of resulting Baby-PAWS factors/scales; (3) concurrent validity via associations between the Baby-PAWS scores (i.e., total and subscales) and established measures of prenatal maternal depression (i.e., EPDS), general (i.e., STAI-6) and pregnancy-specific (i.e., PRAQ-R2) anxiety obtained in the third trimester; and (4) predictive validity with respect to postpartum maternal depression and anxiety and infant temperament factors (i.e., IBQ-R VSF Surgency, Negative Affect, and Effortful Control). Findings will allow for cross-cultural comparison of the clinical and research utility of the Baby-PAWS, as well as further examination of links to pre- and postnatal mental health and infant temperament
Development of the Moral Standards in Daily Living Scale the Impact of Moral Standards on Mental and Physical Health
Full text linkMoral standards serve a critical self-regulatory role that has affective, motivational, and behavioral consequences (Higgins, 1987). Moral standards influence situations sought out or avoided, influence appraisals and affective responses to events, motivation levels, persistence, and performance, and ultimately guide behavior (Bandura, 2016). Based on the limitations of existing measures for assessing moral standards, I have developed a measure that aims to capture personally identified and contextually relevant moral standards. The Moral Standards in Daily Living Scale (MSDLS) is intended to assess the moral standards that the individual most frequently experiences in daily living and simultaneously quantifies how the individual thinks about those standards. The MSDLS first presents respondents with a list of 58 everyday situations and asks them to reflect on whether moral standards were activated in those situations. If respondents indicate a moral standard was activated in any given situation, they then classify it into one of 13 different moral standard categories based on Moral Foundation Theory (Graham et al., 2013). For the four most commonly endorsed moral standard categories, respondents then rate each moral standard across six quantitative thinking dimensions. The present study provides a description of MSDLS’s development and an initial evaluation of its psychometric properties and its relationship to mental and physical health outcomes. Item reduction analysis confirmed the retention of all 58 moral standard situations in the MSDLS, as no significant outliers were detected. Principal component analysis of the MSDLS revealed two distinct factors: 1) an Orientation Motivation component and 2) a Mastery Satisfaction component, which accounted for 65.03% of the variance. Correlation analyses demonstrated meaningful relationships among MSDLS dimensions and outcome measures. Mastery Satisfaction and adherence proportion showed associations with psychological well-being, character strengths, lower distress and somatic anxiety and higher positive affect. Regression analyses indicated that Mastery Satisfaction uniquely predicted psychological well-being beyond an existing moral standard measure. These findings support the initial construct validity and utility of the MSDLS in assessing moral standard self-regulation. This study provides the foundation for further research on a social cognitive approach to moral standard assessment
Unsiloed agroforestry research and policy: Livelihood and multifunction as chestnut (Castanea sativa) management priorities for Türkiye
Full text linkIn this study, we investigate variation in the priorities for the chestnut tree held by stakeholders across Türkiye in order to highlight the importance of unsiloed research and policy in the study area and beyond. We designed our study to evaluate the operating hypothesis of state agencies who manage the tree in sharp regional contrast, with the western provinces managed overwhelmingly for horticulture, and the northern provinces for silviculture. We utilized ethnobiological methodologies of plant trait preference cataloguing and freelisting to engage and analyze the priorities for chestnut trees for 96 stakeholder households across Türkiye ‘s chestnut suitable territory. We found that no household utilized the tree for one purpose only, that every household used the tree for both its fruits and its timber, and that the vast majority utilized the tree for nuts, timber and one other category of use. We explored the resulting data using saliency analysis, multiple correspondence analysis and geospatial visualization through inverse distance weighting. We found no significant effect of western or northern location on priorities. Our findings substantiate conservation and livelihood development theories which advocate for unsiloed, interdisciplinary research informed by stakeholders, and also showcase an application of agroforestry as a framework for directly amplifying the priorities of livelihood practitioners in the formulation of land use policy. Insights generated by this study support recommendations for Türkiye and beyond, including more thoroughly interdisciplinary research to perpetuate multifunctional use of trees as well as more regional and unified governmental strategies for conservation and rural livelihood viability.•Priority for multi-function of chestnut trees predominate across Türkiye.•More than 70 % of our study population used their trees for three or more purposes.•Siloed regional management of chestnut populations is not congruent with ubiquitous priority for multi-function.•Agroforestry as landuse management strategy encodes multifunction in government policy.•An open definition of agroforestry is showcased as a framework for coherent and responsive governance
Chelan County Resource Guide - Washington
Full text linkCounty level and region-specific resource guides focused on mental health and substance use