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Development of tolerance to bedaquiline by overexpression of trypanosomal acetate: succinate CoA transferase in Mycobacterium smegmatis
Get PDFThe F-type ATP synthase inhibitor bedaquiline (BDQ) is a potent inhibitor of mycobacterial growth and this inhibition cannot be rescued by fermentable carbon sources that would supply ATP by an alternative pathway (substrate level phosphorylation). To gain mechanistic insight into this phenomenon, we employed a metabolic engineering approach. We introduced into Mycobacterium smegmatis an alternative ATP production pathway by substrate-level phosphorylation, specifically through overexpression of trypanosomal acetate:succinate co-enzyme A (CoA) transferase (ASCT). Intriguingly, the overexpression of ASCT partially restored intracellular ATP levels and resulted in acquired tolerance to BDQ growth inhibition at low, but not high concentrations of BDQ. These results implicate intracellular ATP levels in modulating the growth inhibitory activity of BDQ at low concentrations. These findings shed light on the intricate interplay between BDQ and mycobacterial energy metabolism, while also providing a novel tool for the development of next-generation ATP synthase-specific inhibitors targeting mycobacteria.Communications Biology, 8(1), art. no. 187; 2025journal articl
A Review of Marine Algae as a Sustainable Source of Antiviral and Anticancer Compounds
Get PDFBiopolymers, such as polysaccharides, polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenoids, found in marine algae exhibit antiviral and anticancer properties. These compounds can inhibit viral replication, induce apoptosis in cancer cells, and enhance the immune response. Their diverse bioactive properties make marine algae a promising source for the development of sustainable antiviral and anticancer therapies. A major advantage of marine algae is that they do not require freshwater or arable land and can be cultivated in seawater, thus making them sustainable substitutes for conventional resources. Additionally, their ability to sequester carbon and recycle nutrients enhances their environmental sustainability. Despite their promising biomedical potential, challenges, such as compound extraction, large-scale production, and clinical validation, must be addressed for effective drug development. The vast biological diversity of marine algae across different ocean ecosystems is a largely unexplored source of distinct chemical structures, which may be the basis for new therapeutic schemes. Despite their therapeutic potential, the translation of marine algae-derived compounds into clinical applications faces significant hurdles, including challenges in large-scale extraction, bioavailability enhancement, and regulatory approval. The need to extract particular compounds to make them available for large-scale production and to overcome issues such as bioavailability and regulatory policies are formidable challenges. Marine algae represent innovative advances in antiviral and anticancer drug development, but only when combined with ecologically sound cultivation methods, interdisciplinary approaches, and understanding. The integration of advanced biotechnological approaches, innovative gene editing techniques, and environmentally sustainable aquaculture practices is pivotal for harnessing the full potential of marine algae for the development of next-generation antiviral and anticancer therapeutics.Macromol, 5(1), art. no. 11; 2025journal articl
Devil’s Staircase and Power-Law Due to Desynchronization in a Laboratory Plasma
Get PDFApplying a periodic external force to chaotic ionization waves in a laboratory plasma induces system transitions to a phase-synchronized state. Upon systematically varying the intensity and frequency of the applied periodic external force as control parameters, a devil’s staircase structure was observed in the desynchronization graph, which represents the time evolution of the phase difference and depicts the system’s return to its original state after phase synchronization. The average duration of the phase-synchronized state was examined by changing the parameters governing the system (i.e. the strength and frequency of the external force). The results revealed a power-law of type-I intermittency between the parameters and duration of the phase-synchronized state.Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, 2025(3), art. no. 031J01; 2025journal articl
Adolescent childhood cancer survivors talking about cancer: A socioecological perspective
Get PDFObjective: This study aimed (1) to investigate the communication patterns of adolescent childhood cancer survivors (ACCSs), including their motivations, methods, context, and outcomes and (2) to identify factors influencing their cancer-related communication (cancer communication) at each level of the socioecological model. Methods: A qualitative descriptive research design was adopted to explore ACCSs’ experiences of communicating about cancer and the factors influencing such experiences. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the collected data were analyzed using thematic analysis. This study was conducted according to the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research. Results: The ACCSs were motivated to engage in cancer-related communication by acquiring social support and an altruistic perspective. Although ACCSs rarely initiated cancer-related communication proactively, they communicated with close friends and family members about their cancer experiences. The motivation to communicate with friends shifted from sharing factual information, such as their daily lives in the hospital, to seeking emotional connections shaped by psychosocial development. Dissatisfaction with the limitations of school life and concerns about cancer were primarily discussed with parents. Furthermore, parents' perceptions of cancer and their explanations of the illness to their children appeared to influence the children's perceptions of their cancer experiences and their communication about cancer. Cancer-related communication among ACCSs was influenced by factors at multiple levels. Furthermore, institutional- and community-level factors affected individual and interpersonal factors. Conclusions: A multilayered approach involving ACCSs, parents, educators, school peers, and the broader community is essential for enhancing communication about cancer within this population.Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 12, art. no. 100676; 2025journal articl
企業主導型保育園との連携―文教おもやい保育園における「異文化交流の時間」活動報告―
Get PDF長崎大学ダイバーシティ推進センター研究紀要, 3, pp.31-37; 2025departmental bulletin pape
Essential health risk communication for recovery after lifting evacuation orders following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident
Get PDFThe Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, managed by the Tokyo Electric Power Company experienced a catastrophic accident in 2011 that led to widespread public anxiety regarding radiation exposure and the long-term impacts of evacuation. The recovery process has considerably varied across the affected municipalities, highlighting the need for effective and targeted risk communication to support residents in understanding these situations and making informed decisions. This study aims to examine the health risk communication strategies implemented by health and medical welfare experts in response to the lifting of evacuation orders in formerly evacuated areas. We provide an overview of the practical activities carried out by these experts, with a particular focus on the contributions of Fukushima Medical University, Hirosaki University, and Nagasaki University. Over the years, these institutions have played a key role in radiation protection and public health initiatives, guided by scientific and technical perspectives. Our findings underscore the necessity of evolving two-way communication practices that are responsive to specific needs of the recovery phase. Additionally, this study highlights the importance of integrating comprehensive health promotion activities with radiation health risk communication to ensure sustained attention to both physical and mental health. Furthermore, expert communication efforts remain essential in supporting social care professionals who are involved in the ongoing care of residents. Finally, the global sharing of Fukushima’s recovery strategies is essential for providing insights that can inform future disaster preparedness efforts.Scientific Reports, 15(1), art. no. 11071; 2025journal articl
Implant–Natural Teeth Connection for a Patient with Periodontitis and Malocclusion: A Case Report
Get PDFBackground and Clinical Significance: Dental implants are widely used; however, tooth extraction often results in alveolar bone loss and gingival recession, necessitating bone and connective tissue reconstruction, especially in the esthetic anterior regions. To address these issues, implants are occasionally connected to adjacent teeth, but this remains controversial, as complications (e.g., intrusion of natural teeth) have been observed. This report demonstrates the long-term success of implants replaced after removing maxillary bilateral central incisors and connecting them to lateral incisors with reduced supportive bone due to periodontitis. Case Presentation: A 57-year-old woman with root fractures in maxillary bilateral central incisors, periodontitis, and malocclusion was treated with connecting implants and natural teeth. Bone levels surrounding maxillary bilateral lateral incisors were diminished due to root fractures in adjacent central incisors and periodontitis. After initial periodontal therapy, hopeless maxillary central incisors were extracted, replaced with implants using a digitally simulated surgical guide, and guided bone regeneration and connective tissue grafting were performed. Implants were connected to lateral incisors with provisional restorations, and orthodontic treatment was initiated following digital set-ups incorporating implants into the overall strategy. Final porcelain-fused-to-zirconia restorations were placed after orthodontic treatment. At the 5-year follow-up, gingival morphology, coloration, and position of lateral incisors remained stable. Conclusions: This case demonstrates that connecting implants to natural teeth in the anterior region can effectively maintain periodontal tissues around natural teeth and allow for minimally invasive, short-term, and esthetic treatment. However, careful long-term observation through maintenance is necessary due to limited evidence for this approach in the anterior region.Diagnostics, 15(6), art. no. 765; 202journal articl
“A thesis is a thesis”? Insights into how researchers examine doctoral theses that include publications
Get PDFThesis by publication (TBP) is well-established in some geographic and disciplinary contexts, but is still emerging in others. The unique challenges of the TBP for doctoral researchers and supervisors have been well-covered in recent studies, but there has been limited attention given to examiners, despite the high stakes of the examination process for doctoral researchers. Because examination often involves researchers from different countries, variation in the conceptualisation and position of the TBP in different contexts may impact the way examiners approach examination, and what factors they consider and value. In this study we investigate how 79 researchers in and from 30 different countries approach examination of a TBP. The findings may serve to assist other examiners, to help doctoral researchers and supervisors prepare for the examination process and guide institutional policy-makers on how they can improve their procedures, making the process smoother and more transparent for all involved.Issues in Educational Research, 35(1), pp 237-254; 2025journal articl
高校生の将来展望および時間管理，入学前教育後の意識に関する検討－高校の学習履歴による相違点－
Get PDFThis study examines whether differences in non-cognitive skills and awareness of pre-admission education are influenced by high school learning history. Additionally, it explores whether these factors vary across academic departments after university enrollment. The findings indicate no significant differences based on high school learning history or between academic departments.長崎大学教育開発推進機構紀要, 15, pp.25-29; 2025departmental bulletin pape