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Bipolarization in the acceptance of reusing contaminated soil generated by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident of 2011
No full textThe Japanese government has legislated the relocation of contaminated soil containing radioactive materials outside of Fukushima Prefecture by 2045 to accelerate Fukushima's recovery following the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS). In this study, we investigated and analyzed factors associated with acceptance of the reuse of contaminated soil (RCS) among the Japanese public. We conducted an online questionnaire survey exactly ten years after the storage of radioactive contaminated soil began at interim storage facilities. We analyzed 5257 responses obtained from citizens aged 18 and over from all 48 prefectures of Japan. The study clarified that 46.7 % (2451) of participants accepted RCS, while 53.3 % (2806) did not, indicating that public opinion is polarized on this issue. The results revealed regional differences in opinions regarding RCS. Furthermore, the characteristics, knowledge of radiation, and interest in the FDNPS accident influenced opinions regarding RCS. In addition, people who were not accepting tended to be more concerned about the health effects of RCS, whereas those who were accepting were concerned about reputational damage. These results emphasizing the distinction among populations on their concerns are really interesting and can open a way forward for implementing RCS in a sustainable way.Progress in Disaster Science, 28, art. no. 100479; 2025journal articl
Highly Reversible Redox of a Viologen-Headed Two-Chain Amphiphile Monolayer on Graphite Electrodes: A Voltammetric and Electroreflectance Study
No full textA lipid-like dialkyl surfactant viologen bearing branched two alkyl chains at one side of 4,4′-bipyridinium moiety, viologen-headed two-chain amphiphile (VTA), was newly synthesized. Unlike a two-chain viologen with each chain attached to opposite sides of the moiety, the entire VTA molecular shape can be approximated by an imaginary cylinder. This facilitates the formation of an ordered planar monolayer on the electrode surface. The completely water-insoluble bis-hexafluorophosphate salt of VTA was spreadable as a Langmuir layer at a gas/KCl aqueous solution interface to achieve an equilibrium spreading pressure (ESP), 44 mN m–1, at room temperature. Graphite electrodes were touched horizontally to the Langmuir layer at its ESP from the gas phase. In KCl aqueous solution, the monolayer-modified electrodes exhibited highly reversible thin-layer electrochemistry of the one-electron transfer redox of viologen. The two-dimensional density of the viologen moieties corresponded to their close-packed, upright orientation on the basal-plane pyrolytic graphite (BPG) electrode. However, electroreflectance spectroscopy revealed that the dimerization of viologens upon one-electron reduction is limited. Molecular orientation and electron transfer kinetics of the VTA monolayer at a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite electrode were different from those at the BPG electrode. It was impossible to transfer the Langmuir layer onto a Au electrode surface through horizontal touching. A thick cast film of VTA on a BPG electrode also exhibited high redox activity associated with diffusional kinetic control. The effect of adding poly(styrenesulfonate) on the redox behavior was also examined. Basic characteristics of the modified electrode as a robust redox platform are discussed.登録バージョン以降にタイトル変更ありChanging the title upon publicationJournal of Physical Chemistry C, 129(45), pp.20339-20352; 2025journal articl
Integrated assessment and classification of inland water chemistry in New Zealand
No full textUnderstanding freshwater characteristics is essential for the ecological and environmental management of water resources. New Zealand was selected as the research area, and a water chemistry survey was conducted on freshwater resource management. Addressing the growing water demand for irrigation is essential for adapting to climate change in the primary sectors of New Zealand. The intensification of livestock farming in recent years has led to water pollution issues, particularly from animal waste. In view of these concerns, it is crucial to study the status of inland water characteristics in New Zealand. In November 2023, water samples were collected from 33 sites, and their chemical characteristics were investigated. According to the Piper-trilinear diagram, most of the sites (65.6 %) were classified as alkaline earth carbonate type, seven sites (21.9 %) as alkali non-carbonate type, two sites (6.3 %) as alkaline carbonate type, and two sites (6.3 %) alkaline earth non-carbonate type. The Stiff patterns show that Ca-HCO3 and Na-HCO3 types exist in most of the sampling sites, and the Na-Cl type was found in a specific location of the coastal area. According to the Gibbs diagram, this water chemistry is formed by precipitation, mineral dilution, and ion exchange during water flow. The applicability of irrigation was assessed using the United States Salinity Laboratory (USSL) diagram. Self-organizing maps (SOMs) demonstrated diverse water quality characteristics across sample sites. Water samples were classified into four groups: (1) South Islands surface water group, (2) North Islands downstream water group, (3) nitrate polluted groundwater group, and (4) sodium affected large ionic strength group. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of a comprehensive and integrated approach to assess inland water chemistry by combining various conventionally used diagrams (Piper-trilinear diagram, Stiff patterns, Gibbs diagram, and USSL diagram) and neural networks (SOM). Although this integrated approach was applied to New Zealand in this study, it is generally applicable to all regions and countries that depend on inland water for their water resources.Heliyon, 11(16), art. no. e44105; 2025journal articl
Nutrient availability controls phytoplankton populations and their nutritional strategy in the eastern Indian Ocean
No full textThe pico- and nanophytoplankton communities in the eastern Indian Ocean during the fall–winter inter-monsoon season were analyzed using flow cytometry to clarify the environmental factors that control the horizontal and vertical distributions of phytoplankton. The average Synechococcus abundance within the surface mixed layer showed a significant positive correlation with the temperature and nitrate + nitrite (N + N) concentration. Similarly, the cell concentration of eukaryotic phytoplankton in the surface mixed layer was correlated with temperature but did not decrease with decreasing N + N availability. Instead, the proportion of potentially phagotrophic eukaryotic phytoplankton, assessed using a fluorescent probe, increased with decreasing N + N concentrations in the surface mixed layer. This suggested that nitrogen uptake from particles can compensate for the decrease in inorganic nitrogen nutrients in the mixed layer, which may help eukaryotic phytoplankton maintain their biomass in oligotrophic areas. Phagotrophy by eukaryotic phytoplankton in this area may facilitate their growth, with photosynthesis driven by high irradiance within the surface mixed layer, which is depleted of nitrogen. Inter-provincial variations in cell concentrations at the subsurface peak were smaller than those within the surface mixed layer. The cell concentration of Synechococcus at the peak was positively correlated with temperature. By contrast, the peak cell concentration of eukaryotes was positively correlated with light intensity at that depth, suggesting a potential light limitation. The lower potential phagotrophy in eukaryotic phytoplankton with depth suggested that they do not use phagotrophy to compensate for diminished photosynthetic carbon acquisition.Progress in Oceanography, 240, art. no. 103628; 2025journal articl
献辞
No full text島田章准教授定年退職記念号In Honour of Associate Prof. Akira Shimada経営と経済, 105(3), pp.[1]-[4]; 2025departmental bulletin pape
What factors control the distribution of aquatic palynomorphs in surface sediments of Osaka Bay, central Japan? With special reference to the cysts of Alexandrium catenella/pacificum (Dinophyceae)
No full textDistribution contour maps of aquatic palynomorphs in Osaka Bay were made to determine their horizontal distribution using 21 surface sediment samples. The aquatic palynomorphs consisted of planktonic autotrophic dinoflagellate cysts, raphidophyte cysts, heterotrophic dinoflagellate cysts, heterotrophic ciliate cysts, heterotrophic crustacean resting eggs, benthic foraminiferal linings, turbellarian egg capsules, as well as planktonic chlorophycean resistant cells. Most of these resistant cells are thought to have been transported via the Yodo River (Yodogawa), since most of them originated from freshwater areas, mainly Lake Biwa. Most of these palynomorphs were distributed mainly off the mouth of the Yodo River, while benthic foraminiferal linings were distributed mainly off Kobe Airport. A canonical correspondence analysis between each palynomorph and environmental factors including distance from the mouth of the Yodo River (Distance A), water depth, dissolved oxygen (DO), surface water temperature, salinity, transparency, grain size composition (Mdφ), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen, phosphorus, and chlorophyll was performed. The results showed that the autotrophic dinoflagellate Spiniferites bulloideus and foraminiferal linings were strongly positively correlated with Distance A and Mdφ but negatively correlated with DO, whereas cysts of Alexandrium catenella/pacificum, which often form red tides with paralytic shellfish poisoning in Osaka Bay, were positively correlated with water depth and negatively correlated with COD. Turbellarian egg capsules, heterotrophic dinoflagellate cysts, Echinidinium spp., and foraminiferal linings were positively correlated with salinity and transparency. However, these results do not logically explain the relationship between the distribution of these palynomorphs and environmental factors, because the distribution of aquatic palynomorphs in a narrow sea area with complex marine environments such as Osaka Bay is caused by a combination of biological factors and physical factors that act after the formation of palynomorphs.Paleontological Research, 29(1), pp.149-168; 2025journal articl
Community-based pathogen-specific incidence of influenza-like illness due to respiratory viruses in South-central Vietnam in 2009–2012: after a pandemic of influenza A viruses
Get PDFBackground: Influenza-like illness (ILI) is one of the most common illnesses caused by various respiratory viruses and directly or indirectly incurs high expenses to households. However, the pathogen-specific incidence and health-seeking behaviour in communities have not been well described. Methods: A longitudinal cohort study using a self-recorded health calendar among 1000 households was performed in South-central Vietnam from October 2009 to September 2012. Endemic respiratory viruses in the community were monitored using random sampling in public health clinics (polyclinics). The monthly incidence of specific pathogens was calculated using the Bayesian method. Findings: Among 5,016 household members, 3,687 ILI episodes were reported during the study period. The incidence rate of ILI was 21.7 (95% confidence interval 21.0–22.4) per 1,000 person-months for all ages and highest in children under 2 years with 71.6 (64.7–81.8) followed by 2–4 years with 71.3 (65.8–78.2). Rhinovirus had the highest incidence with 22.5 among the age under 2 years, followed by adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) with 12.5 and 9.9, respectively. Most young children sought treatment from clinics and hospitals, whereas most schoolchildren and adults sought treatment from drugstores. RSV outbreaks significantly increase the number of healthcare visits among children under 2 years, but not in older age groups. Interpretation: Several surges of ILI were attributed by multiple respiratory viruses. Healthcare seeking patterns were varied among pathogens. Highly transmissible viruses, such as rhinovirus and adenovirus, pose the potential risk of the next pandemic.Tropical Medicine and Health, 53(1), art. no. 51; 2025journal articl
副詞節主語を伴う擬似分裂文
Get PDFIn this paper, I will deal with special types of pseudo-cleft sentences in English, i.e. pseudo-cleft sentences with this type of adverbial clause subjects. The adverbial clause subjects in pseudo-cleft sentences come in two ways. The aim of this paper is two-fold: First, it is shown to what degree properties of the adverbial clause subjects are shared with those of pseudo-cleft sentences. Second, the two types of adverbial clause subjects are instances of syntax-semantics mismatch in that they both are semantic DP despite syntactic CP. The mismatch properties can be captured in terms of syntax-semantics interface.長崎大学言語教育研究センター論集, 13, pp1-13; 2025departmental bulletin pape
OrgaMeas: A pipeline that integrates all the processes of organelle image analysis
Get PDFAlthough image analysis has emerged as a key technology in the study of organelle dynamics, the commonly used image-processing methods, such as threshold-based segmentation and manual setting of regions of interests (ROIs), are error-prone and laborious. Here, we present a highly accurate high-throughput image analysis pipeline called OrgaMeas for measuring the morphology and dynamics of organelles. This pipeline mainly consists of two deep learning-based tools: OrgaSegNet and DIC2Cells. OrgaSegNet quantifies many aspects of different organelles by precisely segmenting them. To further process the segmented data at a single-cell level, DIC2Cells automates ROI settings through accurate segmentation of individual cells in differential interference contrast (DIC) images. This pipeline was designed to be low cost and require less coding, to provide an easy-to-use platform. Thus, we believe that OrgaMeas has potential to be readily applied to basic biomedical research, and hopefully to other practical uses such as drug discovery.Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular Cell Research, 1872(5), art. no. 119964; 2025journal articl