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Presensitization Accelerates Antibody-Mediated Rejection in Mouse Intestinal Transplantation
Get PDFIntroduction: The presence of donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) is a risk factor for antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) in the context of organ transplantation. However, the mechanisms and clinical characteristics of AMR in intestinal transplantation remain poorly understood, largely due to a lack of suitable animal models. In the present study, we performed intestinal transplantation in presensitized murine recipients as a model of AMR to better understand how this phenomenon contributes to graft rejection. Methods: Skin from donor B6 mice was grafted onto the backs of recipient C3H mice. The presensitized C3H mice then received intestinal allografts from B6 mice 14 ds later. The presensitized and nonsensitized mice were compared in terms of their circulating DSAs levels and their intestinal allograft characteristics at various time points. Results: Flow cytometric analysis showed that circulating DSA levels increased over time in the presensitized recipients. Moreover, the presensitized recipients exhibited more severe intestinal graft rejection at day 4 post-transplantation than the nonsensitized mice. Although immunostaining revealed no significant difference in the numbers of infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ cells between the groups post-transplantation, the numbers of infiltrating CD20+ and CD68+ cells were significantly higher in the presensitized recipients. Furthermore, C3 and C4 deposition on the microvascular endothelium of intestinal allografts and capillaritis were observed after transplantation. Conclusions: We successfully established a presensitized mouse model of AMR in the context of intestinal transplantation. Our model will be valuable in elucidating the mechanisms underlying AMR and exploring strategies for managing this phenomenon to improve the outcomes of intestinal transplantation.Journal of Surgical Research, 315, pp.390-399; 2025journal articl
Evaluating the Potential of Galactosaminogalactan as a Diagnostic Target for Invasive Aspergillosis
Get PDFBackground: Early diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis (IA) is critical for the initiation of effective antifungal therapy. Currently, detection of galactomannan (GM), a secreted fungal glycan, is the most used culture-independent diagnostic test for IA. However, limitations in the sensitivity and specificity of this test have led to interest in identifying other target molecules. Galactosaminogalactan (GAG), a polysaccharide cell wall component secreted by Aspergillus hyphae, is a potential diagnostic marker for IA. Objectives: To evaluate the utility of GAG as a diagnostic target, we generated a monoclonal antibody against GAG (mAb 1D1), established a GAG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), evaluated its cross-reactivity with other respiratory pathogens, and compared the performance of the GAG detection ELISA with GM antigen detection in both an in vivo mouse model and human samples from patients with pulmonary aspergillosis. Results: The GAG ELISA demonstrated strong reactivity with culture supernatants from Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus but limited reactivity with culture supernatants of other Aspergillus spp. and non-Aspergillus filamentous fungi. In a mouse model of IA, GAG was detected in lung tissue, serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and urine samples. Although GAG was detected by mAb 1D1 staining of Aspergillus hyphae in infected human lung tissue samples, it was not detectable in the serum, BALF, and urine of patients with pulmonary aspergillosis. Conclusions: Further studies are required to determine whether the failure to detect GAG in the serum, BALF, and urine of patients with pulmonary aspergillosis is due to absence or low GAG levels or other reasons.Mycoses, 68(10), art. no. e70125; 2025journal articl
Identification of Disease Characteristic Immune Complex Antigens
No full textComprehensive identification and profiling of antigens in immune complexes (IC antigens) is useful to provide insights into pathophysiology and could form the basis for novel diagnostic and treatment strategies for many immune-related diseases. Immune complexome analysis is the method for comprehensively identifying and profiling IC antigens in biological fluids (such as serum, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and saliva). Here, we describe IC-antigens detection method; specifically, ICs in biological fluids are captured by using Protein G- or Protein A-coated beads, are subjected to papain-digestion elution and tryptic digestion, and are analyzed by nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nano-LC-MS/MS).Immunoproteomics: Methods and Protocols is part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology (MIMB, volume 2980)book par
Optimizing resin bonding to saliva-contaminated polyetheretherketone: comparative efficacy of cleaning methods
Get PDFBackground: This study investigated the effects of saliva contamination and different cleaning protocols on the surface characteristics and bonding performance of polyetheretherketone (PEEK). Methods: A total of 120 PEEK specimens were divided into six groups: uncontaminated (UN), contaminated without cleaning (S), and contaminated followed by cleaning with Ivoclean (IC), Katana Cleaner (KC), ethanol (ALC), or sandblasting (BLA). Resin composite cylinders were bonded to the specimens, and shear bond strength (SBS) was evaluated before and after 10,000 thermal cycles. Surface properties (water contact angle, roughness) were analyzed. Results: Saliva contamination significantly reduced SBS (P < 0.05), irrespective of aging. The IC and ALC groups showed significantly lower SBS than the UN group. In contrast, cleaning with KC or BLA effectively restored SBS to levels comparable with uncontaminated PEEK, under both aged and unaged conditions. Adhesive failure was the predominant failure mode. While contamination and cleaning reduced hydrophobicity (lower contact angles), surface roughness remained unchanged across groups. Conclusions: Salivary contamination impairs PEEK-resin bonding, but sandblasting or Katana Cleaner effectively restores bond strength. These protocols offer clinically viable decontamination strategies for PEEK-based restorations.BMC Oral Health, 25(1), art. no. 1608; 2025journal articl
Enhancing systemic lupus erythematosus treatment outcomes with an early initiation of belimumab: insights from a multicenter retrospective study within the first five years
Get PDF長崎大学学位論文 [学位記番号]共博（医歯薬）甲第53号 [学位授与年月日]令和7年9月3日(2025-09-03)thesi
Ubiquitin, p62, and Microtubule-Associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3 in Cardiomyopathy
Get PDF長崎大学学位論文 [学位記番号]博（医歯薬）甲第1718号 [学位授与年月日]令和7年9月3日(2025-09-03)thesi
自動車ドアミラーから発生する空力騒音の数値解析
Get PDFThe aerodynamic noise source around an automobile door mirror is assessed using a hot-film sensor. The pressure fluctuation generated by the velocity fluctuation is expressed as pressure equation based on the generalized Bernoulli equation. The measured outputs of the hot-film sensors were compared with the results of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational aeroacoustics (CAA). The broadband noise measured in the cabin was greater at the measurement position near the door mirror. Broadband noise at 500 Hz or higher was observed inside the cabin because the door glass was vibrated by the velocity fluctuation of the turbulence near the door mirror in the same frequency domain. The output of the hot-film sensor measured around the door mirrors was consistent with the noise characteristics analyzed by the CAA. These results indicate that it can be used to identify the location of aerodynamic noise sources around door mirrors or to qualitatively evaluate the relative intensity of the noise sources.長崎大学大学院工学研究科研究報告, 55(104), pp.1-6; 2025departmental bulletin pape
Molecular Epidemiology, Drug-Resistant Variants, and Therapeutic Implications of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis D Virus Prevalence in Nigeria: A National Study
Get PDFInformation on circulating HBV (sub-)genotype, variants, and hepatitis D virus (HDV) coinfection, which vary by geographical area, is crucial for the efficient control and management of HBV. We investigated the genomic characteristics of HBV (with a prevalence of 8.1%) and the prevalence of HDV in Nigeria. We utilised 777 HBV-positive samples and epidemiological data from the two-stage sampled population-based, nationally representative Nigeria HIV/AIDS Indicator and Impact Survey conducted in 2018. We assessed 732 HBV DNA-extracted samples with detectable viral loads (VLs) for (sub-)genotypes and variants by whole-genome pre-amplification, nested PCR of the s-and pol-gene, and BigDye Terminator sequencing. We conducted HDV serology. In total, 19 out of the 36 + 1 states in Nigeria had a high prevalence of HBV (≥8%), with the highest prevalence (10.4%) in the north-central geopolitical zone. Up to 33.2% (95% CI 30.0–36.6) of the participants had detectable VLs of ≥300 copies/mL. The predominant circulating HBV genotype was E with 98.4% (95% CI 97.1–99.1), followed by A with 1.6% (95% CI 0.9–2.9). Drug-resistant associated variants and immune escape variants were detected in 9.3% and 0.4%, respectively. The seroprevalence of HDV was 7.34% (95% CI 5.5–9.2). Nigeria has subtype E as the major genotype with many variants.Pathogens, 14(1), art. no. 101; 2025journal articl
Long-term impact of molecular epidemiology shifts of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus on severity and mortality of bloodstream infection
Get PDFA 2019 nationwide study in Japan revealed the predominant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) types in bloodstream infections (BSIs) to be sequence type (ST)8-carrying SCCmec type IV (ST8-MRSA-IV) and clonal complex 1-carrying SCCmec type IV (CC1-MRSA-IV). However, detailed patient characteristics and how these MRSA types evolve over time remain largely unknown. In this long-term single-center study, MRSA strains isolated from blood cultures at Nagasaki University Hospital from 2012 to 2019 were sequenced and analyzed. Additionally, we compared the SCCmec types and patient characteristics identified in this study with previous data from our hospital spanning 2003–2007 and 2008–2011. Over this 16-year period, SCCmec type II decreased significantly from 79.2% to 15.5%, while type IV increased from 18.2% to 65.5%. This shift in SCCmec types was associated with notable changes in severity and outcomes; the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score decreased from 5.8 to 3.1; in-hospital mortality declined from 39.8% to 15.5%. In contrast, no significant changes in patient demographics, such as age, sex, or underlying diseases, were observed. Between 2012 and 2019, the major combinations of SCCmec type and sequence type were ST8-MRSA-IV, ST8-MRSA-I, CC1-MRSA-IV, and ST5-MRSA-II. Additionally, ST8-MRSA-IV was divided into CA-MRSA/J, t5071-ST8-MRSA-IV, and USA300-like clone based on the results of molecular analysis. These major combinations showed similar drug resistance patterns, molecular characteristics, and phylogenetic features to those identified in nationwide surveillance. This study highlights the evolving nature of MRSA types in bloodstream infections, correlating with improved patient outcomes over time.Emerging Microbes and Infections, 14(1), art. no. 2449085; 2025journal articl
Successful balloon fixation technique to prevent dislocation of a fully covered self-expanding metal stent for biliary stricture
Get PDFEndoscopy, 57(S 01), pp.E88-E89; 2025journal articl