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Occupational radiation exposure among medical personnel in university and general hospitals in Japan
Get PDFNagasaki University (長崎大学)博士(医学)Objective: This study aimed to compare the occupational radiation exposure of medical workers between general hospitals and university hospitals. Methods: Radiation exposure data from three hospitals in Hiroshima city, including one university hospital and two general hospitals, were collected using personal dosimeters. Monthly radiation doses were analyzed, and the annual sum of radiation exposure dose was calculated for 538 subjects in general hospitals and 1224 subjects in the university hospital. To assess the impact of locality, additional data from Nagasaki University Hospital and Fukushima Medical University Hospital were included for comparative analysis. Professional affiliations, such as doctors, nurses, and radiological technologists, were considered in the evaluation. Results: The study revealed slight but significant differences in radiation doses between general and university hospitals. In general hospitals, except for radiological technologists, a slightly higher radiation dose was observed compared to university hospitals. Despite the annual increase in the use of medical radiation, the majority of hospital workers in both settings adhered to safety guidelines, with occupational radiation exposure remaining below the limit of detection (LOD). Workers who involved in fluoroscopic procedure, whether at university or general hospitals, had higher radiation doses than those who did not. Conclusion: The study's primary conclusion is that workers in general hospitals experience a slight but significantly higher radiation dose and a lower percentage below the LOD compared to university hospitals. The observed difference is attributed to the greater workload at general hospitals than at university hospitals, and also may be due to the different nature of university hospital and general hospital. University hospitals, characterized by greater academic orientation, tend to benefit from comprehensive support systems, specialized expertise, and advanced technology, leading to more structured and regulated radiation control. These findings provide a basis for targeted interventions, improved safety protocols.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1677号 学位授与年月日:令和7年3月5日Author: Arman Nessipkhan, Naoki Matsuda, Noboru Takamura, Noboru Oriuchi, Hiroshi Ito, Masao Kiguchi, Kiyoto Nishihara, Takayuki Tamaru, Kazuo Awai, Takashi KudoCitation: Japanese Journal of Radiology, 42, pp.1067-1079; 2024Nagasaki University (長崎大学), 博士(医学) (2025-03-05)doctoral thesi
Prognostic Predictors of Hypertension Outcomes After Adrenalectomy in Primary Aldosteronism
Get PDFNagasaki University (長崎大学)博士(医学)Background/Aim: Hypertension does not always improve after adrenalectomy for primary aldosteronism (PA), and antihypertensive medications cannot always be discontinued. This study aimed to identify the prognostic predictors of hypertension following adrenalectomy for PA. Patients and Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients undergoing adrenalectomy for PA between 2008 and 2022 at a tertiary hospital, grouping them based on whether they had normal blood pressure without antihypertensive medications or still required medications postoperatively. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI), biochemical data, hypertension duration, pre- and post-operative defined daily dose (DDD) of antihypertensive drugs, presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS)-related diseases, and visceral fat area and volume (recorded using preoperative abdominal computed tomography) were the outcome measures. Results: A total of 71 (clinical success, n=21) (nonclinical success, n=50) patients were included. A high BMI (p=0.038), DDD (p=0.008), and visceral fat volume (p=0.048); long hypertension duration (p=0.034); and the presence of MetS-related diseases (p=0.014) were associated with a low clinical success rate on univariate analyses. After adjusting for age and sex, hypertension duration (p=0.047), MetS-related diseases (p=0.021), and DDD (p=0.011) were potential prognostic predictors. Conclusion: Hypertension duration, MetS-related diseases, and DDD are potential prognostic predictors of hypertension following surgery for PA.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1680号 学位授与年月日:令和7年3月19日Author: HAJIME FUKUSHIMA, KENSUKE MITSUNARI, JUNKI HARADA, YUICHIRO NAKAMURA, TOMOHIRO MATSUO, KOJIRO OHBA, YASUSHI MOCHIZUKI and RYOICHI IMAMURACitation: In Vivo, 38(6), pp.2729-2734; 2024Nagasaki University (長崎大学), 博士(医学) (2025-03-19)doctoral thesi
Characteristics and long-term health outcomes of the first domestic COVID-19 outbreak cases in Da Nang, Vietnam: a longitudinal cohort study
Get PDFNagasaki University (長崎大学)博士(医学)Background: Vietnam experienced the first COVID-19 domestic outbreak due to the Wuhan strain (B.1.1) in Da Nang from July 2020. COVID-19 can cause acute as well as long-term health problems. We aimed to characterise clinical features and risk factors related to severe illness of COVID-19 among Da Nang outbreak cases and to describe long-term health outcomes among survivors of this outbreak. Methods: We conducted an ambidirectional cohort study. Study subjects were all hospitalised cases with positive real-time PCR test of SARS-CoV-2 in the three major hospitals in Da Nang from 25 July to 28 August 2020. Clinical and demographic information was retrospectively collected from medical charts. Then, the survivors were followed-up prospectively at 6 and 16 months after acute infection to assess their health status via standardized questionnaires, physical examinations, chest X-rays and pulmonary function tests. Results: A total of 362 cases including 20 fatal cases were enrolled into the study retrospectively. The median age of the participants included in the medical chart review was 46.5 years and 60.8% were female. Overall, 7.8% of the participants required respiratory support during hospitalisation and 20 of them died. Compared to the survivors, the fatal cases were significantly older (median age of survivors 45.0 yr vs fatal cases 66.5 yr, P < 0.001) and more likely to have underlying conditions. The proportions of participants who had at least one long COVID symptom within the 7 days of each follow-up at 6 and 16 months were 72.0% (134/186) and 63.5% (47/74), respectively. We also found that females and adults reported symptoms more often in the follow-up surveys, 78.9% (90/114) [females] vs 61.1% (44/72) [males] at 6 months, P = 0.008; 68.7% (46/67) [20 years] vs 14.3% (1/7) 20 years] at 16 months, P = 0.004. Conclusions: In the first domestic COVID-19 outbreak in Vietnam, the mortality rate was approximately 6% and associated with underlying medical conditions. In the follow-up surveys, a substantial proportion of participants reported long COVID related health problems, although the prevalence declined over time. Females and adults reported symptoms more often, which might be due to the pathophysiological differences according to sex and age.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1698号 学位授与年月日:令和7年3月19日Author: Miyuki Tsuruoka, Mai Kim Huynh, Michiko Toizumi1, Thanh Tien Hoang, Trieu Bao Nguyen, Anh The Dao, Luong Dinh Nguyen, Huy Xuan Le, Chung Thanh Le, Anh Quang Dang, Hung Thai Do and Lay Myint YoshidaCitation: Tropical Medicine and Healthm, 53, art. no. 6; 2025Nagasaki University (長崎大学), 博士(医学) (2025-03-19)doctoral thesi
Antitumor immune response elicited by M2 TAM-specific DDS via C-type lectin CD209b using cholesteryl pullulan nanogel as a protein drug carrier
Get PDF長崎大学学位論文 [学位記番号]博（医歯薬）甲第1709号 [学位授与年月日]令和7年6月4日(2025-06-04)thesi
New mosquito repellency bioassay for evaluation of repellents and pyrethroids using an attractive blood-feeding device
Get PDF長崎大学学位論文 [学位記番号]博（医歯薬）甲第1714号 [学位授与年月日]令和7年6月4日(2025-06-04)thesi
Effectiveness of Hangeshashinto in delaying grade 2 radiotherapy-induced mucositis development in patients with hypopharyngeal or laryngeal cancer: Preliminary finding of a randomized clinical trial
Get PDFBackground: The efficacy of Hangeshashinto (TJ-14) during radiotherapy administration in patients with head and neck cancer remains unknown. We investigated the effectiveness of TJ-14 in delaying grade 2 radiotherapy-induced mucositis development in patients with hypopharyngeal or laryngeal cancer. Methods: The trial involved 28 participants, allocated in a 1:1 ratio, to either the control or intervention group using a stratified randomization method adjusted for primary cancer location and treatment type. Results: Kaplan–Meier curves showed that the 50% incidence rate of grade 2 pharyngeal mucositis between the intervention and control group (46 Gy vs 34 Gy, P = .49). Six participants in the intervention group stopped taking TJ-14 during the development of grade 1 pharyngeal mucositis (mean oral medication period: 2.7 days). Conclusion: The findings of this single-center randomized clinical trial showed that taking TJ-14 from the onset of grade 1 mucositis tended to delay the development of grade 2 mucositis. However, patient compliance was poor in the intervention group. Therefore, multicenter randomized controlled trials should be planned with considering the low compliance of this population to understand the effectiveness of TJ-14. Abbreviations: CTCAE v.5.0 = the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0, TJ-14 = Hangeshashinto.Medicine, 104(24), art. no. e42870; 2025journal articl
Improved RSV Neutralization Assay Using Recombinant RSV Expressing Reporter Fluorescent Protein
Get PDFHuman respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes acute respiratory illness, attributing to deaths among young children and older adults worldwide. RSV neutralization assay is an important tool to measure RSV neutralization antibody that can prevent infection and severe complication of RSV. Conventional RSV neutralization assays have some limitations of speed and cost, especially for expensive kits, reagents or instruments required for detection. To solve this problem, this paper describes an improved simple and economical RSV neutralization assay protocol using recombinant RSV (rRSV) expressing reporter fluorescent protein to measure RSV growth as reporter activity with plate reader. The condition of 3 days culture demonstrated sufficient fluorescent activity even when small amounts of rRSV were used to inoculate Hep-2 cells. In addition, white 96-well cell culture plate showed better stable reporter activities than black plate. Furthermore, RSV neutralization assay protocol using rRSV-reporter fluorescent protein demonstrated similar signal detection capacity for RSV antibody titer detection compared to other protocols, such as rRSV-Luciferase and ELISA assay. The new RSV neutralization assay protocol can be applied to RSV antibody titration of numerous samples necessary for RSV surveillance or antiviral testing.Methods and Protocols, 8(3), art. no. 60; 2025journal articl
Vibratory Sorting for Pumice Removal in Microplastic Analysis of Coastal Sediment
Get PDFDensity separation using a wet method is the standard technique for extracting microplastics (MPs) from coastal sediments. However, the 2021 Japanese submarine volcanic eruption introduced substantial pumice into these sediments, complicating the process. Pumice contamination in the floating matter from density separation significantly increases the workload of visual sorting. Pumice, distinguished by its spherical shape and hardness, exhibits distinct rolling and bouncing behaviors compared to plastic. In this study, we evaluated the sorting efficiency of a vibratory sorter in separating pumice from floating matter, comparing its performance with the existing methods. We analyzed the progressive behavior and the virtual sorting efficiency of single large- and medium-diameter particles using a vibrating plate and the actual sorting efficiency of mixed large-diameter particles. The maximum Newton’s efficiencies (ηmax) for the virtual sorting of single large-diameter pumice and plastic ranged from 0.74 to 1.00, and for medium-diameter particles, from 0.74 to 0.97. Sorting efficiency decreased with finer particles. The ηmax for the actual sorting of mixed large-diameter pumice and plastic was between 0.68 and 1.00, lower than the virtual sorting efficiency. While vibratory sorting, based on Newton’s efficiency, does not replace visual sorting, the time required for vibratory sorting is 21% of that required for visual sorting, making it valuable for estimating approximate MP quantities in coastal sediments. Additionally, this study provides a practical method for beach cleanups.Microplastics, 4(2), art. no. 30; 2025journal articl
Structural revisions of macrocyclic ellagitannin dimers bridged by two hexahydroxydiphenoyl groups
No full textEllagitannin dimers, 1,1′;2,2′-diHHDP-diglucose and 3,3′;4,4′-diHHDP-6,6′-digalloyl-diglucose, were recently isolated from the wood of the sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.). These compounds were originally reported to possess unprecedented macrocyclic dimeric structures bridged by two hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP) groups. However, a reinvestigation of their spectroscopic data revealed that these compounds correspond to known ellagitannin monomers, namely 2,3-O-(Sa)-HHDP-d-glucopyranose and gemin D (3-O-galloyl-4,6-O-(Sa)-HHDP-d-glucopyranose), respectively. A comparison of the originally reported NMR data for 1,1′;2,2′-diHHDP-diglucose and 3,3′;4,4′-diHHDP-6,6′-digalloyl-diglucose with those of authentic 2,3-O-(Sa)-HHDP-d-glucopyranose and gemin D, combined with DFT-based NMR chemical shift calculations, unequivocally confirmed these structural revisions.Tetrahedron, 184, art. no. 134751; 2025journal articl