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Critically ill patients’ experiences of discomfort and comfort in the intensive care unit: A qualitative descriptive study
No full textBackground: The physiological state of critically ill patients is severely impaired by illness or trauma and is uncomfortable. Such experiences cause long-term anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. Objective: This study aimed to understand discomfort and comfort based on the experiences of critically ill adult patients in the intensive care unit and to explore ways to improve their comfort. Methods: This qualitative descriptive study was conducted with 15 critically ill patients (age range: 46–81 years; six females) in the intensive care unit using semistructured interviews and participant observation. The data collected were analysed using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis. Data were collected from the intensive care unit and general ward of a university hospital in Japan. Findings: Six themes related to discomfort and comfort were identified. The three themes related to discomfort were “overlapping uncertainties”, “being unable to control physical discomfort”, and “having to endure psychologically and situationally”. The three themes related to comfort were “feeling connected brings calm”, “routine care relieves pain and thirst”, and “ease when one can decide for oneself”. Participants’ discomfort involved physical and psychological factors and was related to treatments, procedures, care, and the environment. Moreover, more than half of the patients endured unmet needs. Comfort was brought about by providing routine care for physical discomforts that critically ill patients often experience, feeling alive and connected to others and encouraging independence. Conclusion: Recognising the potential for physical and psychological discomfort, as well as communication and other difficulties, in critically ill patients is crucial. Patients may also experience discomfort when healthcare providers take the lead, which underscores the importance of involving patients in their care. By showing respect for patients’ intentions and involving them in decision-making, healthcare providers can improve patient comfort and promote a more collaborative approach to care.Australian Critical Care, 38(2), art. no. 101115; 2025journal articl
長崎県におけるマダニ類（ダニ目：マダニ亜目：マダニ科）の詳細チェックリスト：島嶼部まで拡張したスコーピング・レビュー
No full textTick-borne diseases (TBDs), including severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) and Japanese spotted fever (JSF), represent a growing public health concern in Japan. Nagasaki Prefecture, with its numerous remote islands, requires region-specific data on tick fauna to inform effective control strategies. This study extended a previous scoping review by incorporating geographical identifiers for 73 inhabited islands. Publications were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, J-STAGE and CiNii, and screened using Rayyan. Eligible studies reported both tick species and occurrence locations. Records were standardised and classified into eight sub-areas of the prefecture. A total of 23 publications were included, documenting 19 Ixodidae species across five genera. Two additional species, Haemaphysalis campanulata and Ixodes simplex simplex, were newly recorded on Tsushima Island. Species richness was highest in the Northern Goto Islands and Tsushima Island (13 species each). Haemaphysalis was the most frequently reported genus, although only four species occurred across more than five sub-areas. This study provides the first subarea-specific checklist of ticks in Nagasaki Prefecture, revealing geographic heterogeneity in species richness and providing a more robust foundation for monitoring and managing TBDs in Japan.長崎県生物学会誌, 97, pp.14-21; 2025journal articl
Restorative benefits of multisensory experiences in a classical Chinese garden compared to visual experiences only
No full textBackground: Classical Chinese gardens are renowned for their multisensory designs and are widely recognized for their potential to promote emotional well-being. The Humble Administrator’s Garden was utilized in this study to assess how the multisensory integration embedded in its design influences psychological and physiological restoration. Methods: As a pilot study, a multi-modal quantitative approach compared participants’ responses to the garden under two conditions: a real-world multisensory environment (Condition A) and a visual VR experience using a static 360° image (Condition B). The same group of 28 participants took part in five-minute sessions for each condition. Data included the Profile of Mood States (POMS), heart rate, eye tracking, and a questionnaire. In Condition A, sessions before 8:00 a.m. with few visitors were classified as the “Uncrowded group,” while those after 8:00 a.m., when tour groups arrived, were classified as the “Crowded group,” to assess visitor-related ambient effects on restoration. Results: Participants in the real-world condition exhibited significantly greater mood modulation, increased attentional engagement, and a reduction in heart rate, particularly in uncrowded settings. In contrast, the VR condition yielded comparatively weaker restorative outcomes, suggesting that both the absence of non-visual inputs and the lack of visual movement limited the replication of the multisensory restorative experience. Discussion: This pilot study suggests that the restorative effects of classical Chinese gardens derive from the coherence of multisensory inputs, more fully experienced in real settings through visual and non-visual interactions. While multisensory coherence supports psychological benefits, disturbances such as noise and crowding can disrupt this harmony, weakening restorative outcomes. These exploratory findings offer initial guidance for the development of restorative virtual environments and the management of heritage sites, while underscoring the need for larger-scale and more immersive studies.Frontiers in Psychology, 16, art. no. 1663101; 2025journal articl
償還可能転換優先株式の会計処理と分類再考：香港上場の中国企業を手がかりに
No full textThis study analyzes Kuaishou Technology's accounting for its redeemable convertible preference shares (RCPS) and assesses the validity of their liability classification under IASB standards. Focusing on the redemption and conversion provisions applied during the firm's Hong Kong listing, the analysis draws on IAS 32 and IFRS 9 to evaluate the classification and measurement outcomes. While the initial liability classification is technically consistent with the standards, subsequent fair value gains and losses －driven by increases in enterprise value－ are recognized in profit or loss, generating a “liability paradox” in which reported performance diverges from economic substance. The study therefore examines whether recognizing these valuation effects in other comprehensive income offers a more conceptually sound approach. The findings highlight the need for reclassification grounded in economic substance and provide a complementary perspective on the alignment between IASB requirements and prevailing practices for compound financial instruments.島田章准教授定年退職記念号In Honour of Associate Prof. Akira Shimada経営と経済, 105(3), pp.1-18; 2025departmental bulletin pape
Acute amivantamab-induced myocardial injury in a patient with epidermal growth factor receptor-mutant lung cancer: a first case report
No full textBackground: Amivantamab, a bispecific antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor and mesenchymal-epithelial transition receptors, has been approved for certain types of non-small cell lung cancer; however, it is known to cause severe adverse events. The management of such adverse events is necessary for maintaining the therapeutic efficacy of amivantamab. The frequency of cardiotoxicity caused by amivantamab is low, despite its association with a high incidence of severe adverse events. Most of the adverse events are cardiovascular events caused by thrombosis. No reports of amivantamab-induced myocardial injury have been published. Case presentation: We present the first case of drug-induced myocardial injury, detected with tachycardia but not associated with any cardiovascular events, immediately after initiating amivantamab. Echocardiography revealed a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain, while contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging showed shortened T1 values, leading to a diagnosis of amivantamab-induced myocardial injury. Furthermore, with early detection and therapeutic interventions, we were able to continue treatment with amivantamab without interruption. Conclusions: When treating patients with amivantamab, oncologists should screen for cardiac disease-related symptoms, even in the absence of elevated cardiac serum biomarkers. Furthermore, when amivantamab-induced myocardial injury is suspected, a cardiologist should be consulted promptly, as the dysfunction may be reversible.Frontiers in Oncology, 15, art. no. 1708575; 2025journal articl
Identifying early risk factors for chronic pain development following vertebral fractures: a single-center prospective cohort study
No full textStudy Design: Longitudinal cohort study. Purpose: To investigate factors associated with chronic pain (CP) development following vertebral fracture (VF). Overview of Literature: Factors contributing to CP development after VFs are not well characterized. Methods: Hospitalized patients with acute VFs underwent assessment of vertebral morphology and paraspinal muscles. Two weeks post-admission, patients were evaluated for pain intensity (using the Verbal Rating Scale [VRS]), pain sensitivity (Pressure Pain Threshold [PPT] and Conditioned Pain Modulation), psychological factors, physical function, and activity levels. At 12 weeks, patients were categorized into CP and non-CP (NCP) groups based on VRS scores. Between-group comparisons and logistic regression analysis were performed to identify predictors of CP development. Results: The CP group exhibited significantly lower remote PPT and reduced low-intensity physical activity time, but higher Pain Catastrophizing Scale rumination scores and prolonged 5-Times Sit-to-Stand Test (5SST) compared to the NCP group. Logistic regression identified prolonged 5SST and reduced low-intensity physical activity as independent predictors of CP development. Conclusions: Prolonged 5SST and reduced low-intensity physical activity may predict CP development after VFs. Early assessment of these factors may facilitate CP risk screening in hospitalized patients with VFs.Asian Spine Journal, 19(6), pp.928-938; 2025journal articl
Molecular analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid to assist pulmonary lymphoma diagnoses
No full textBackground: Diagnosing pulmonary lymphoma is challenging and often requires surgical procedures. Molecular analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) may facilitate pulmonary lymphoma diagnosis; however, many aspects of this technique remain unknown. We aimed to establish a molecular diagnosis strategy for pulmonary lymphomas using BALF. Methods: The following molecular analyses were performed using BALF from 62 patients (eight with adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and 11 with B-cell lymphoma): flow cytometric analysis; T-cell and B-cell clonality based on immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) and T-cell receptor (TCR) rearrangements; and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) analysis of IGH, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation gene 1 (MALT1), B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2), and myelocytomatosis (MYC) oncogene. Results: CD25 and tumour suppressor in lung cancer-1 marker levels were significantly elevated in ATLL cases at a median of 37.8% and 33.0%, respectively, with 100% positive TCR rearrangements. Notably, FISH analysis showed numerical chromosomal abnormalities in at least one of the genes in 87.5% of patients. In B-cell lymphoma, CD19 and CD20 marker levels were significantly elevated at 4.2% and 14.3%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of IGH rearrangements were 81.8% and 85.4%, respectively. FISH analysis detected translocations in at least one of the genes in 45.5% of patients. Conclusions: Numerical chromosomal abnormalities in the BALF of patients with ATLL and gene translocations in B-cell lymphoma are specific and novel findings. Molecular analysis of BALF is expected to be incorporated into a diagnostic system for pulmonary lymphoma to achieve low invasiveness and improve diagnostic accuracy.ERJ Open Research, 11(6), art. no. 01377-2024; 2025journal articl
Dipeptidyl peptidase from Streptococcus anginosus with substrate specificity for Xaa-Pro/Ala and potential impact on tumor immunity
No full textObjectives: Streptococcus anginosus, an oral commensal bacterium, is a potential risk factor for malignancies of the oral cavity and upper gastrointestinal tract. Although this species harbors an Xaa-Pro dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP), its enzymatic characteristics and potential role in tumor-associated immune modulation remain unclear. In this study, S. anginosus Xaa-Pro DPP was characterized and its ability to cleave chemokine-related peptides was evaluated. Methods: Six oral streptococcal strains were analyzed for DPP activity using fluorogenic dipeptidyl substrates. The gene encoding S. anginosus Xaa-Pro DPP was cloned and the recombinant enzyme was purified and characterized. The enzymatic activity of the peptidase against synthetic dipeptidyl 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (MCA) and chemokine-derived peptides was assessed using fluorescence assays and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The effect of the DPP4 inhibitor, P32/98, was also examined. Results: S. anginosus had the highest DPP activity among the tested oral streptococci, particularly towards Gly-Pro- and Lys-Ala-MCA. The recombinant enzyme selectively removed Xaa-Pro and Xaa-Ala dipeptides and the N-terminal Lys-Pro dipeptide from the CXCL12-derived peptide, whereas incretins were minimally affected. The enzymatic activity of Xaa-Pro DPP against synthetic substrates was markedly inhibited by P32/98. Conclusion: S. anginosus Xaa-Pro DPP has specificity for N-terminal Xaa-Pro/Ala in peptides and exhibits the ability to inactivate chemokine-related peptides, suggesting a potential contribution to immune dysregulation in the tumor microenvironment.Journal of Oral Biosciences, 68(1), art. no. 100723; 2025journal articl
職業選択の自由と高等学校における進路指導―長崎県における県内就職支援事業と「ふるさと教育」を中心に―
Get PDF長崎大学教育学部社会科学論叢 通巻 第87号 (Bulletin of Faculty of Education, Nagasaki University: Social Science, Vol.87)長崎大学教育学部紀要, 11, pp.13-19; 2025departmental bulletin pape
外国語教育における否定証拠の効果検証－日本語母語話者による英語動詞習得に注目して－
Get PDFThe aim of this study is to rigorously investigate the effectiveness of negative evidence in the context of explicit grammar instruction. This research focuses on the acquisition of English verbs by native Japanese speakers, examining the differential impacts of instruction with and without negative evidence on verb categorization. Participants were divided into two groups: one receiving instruction incorporating negative evidence and the other receiving instruction without it. One test was administered prior to the explicit grammar instruction, followed by two post-instruction tests, and the results of the two groups were compared. While no significant differences were observed between tests or across verbs in the control group, the experimental group demonstrated significant differences, thereby providing empirical support for the effectiveness of negative evidence.長崎大学言語教育研究センター論集, 13, pp15-28; 2025departmental bulletin pape