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Artificial intelligence (AI) and Journal Policies: Codebook and Dataset
No full textArtificial intelligence (AI) and Journal Policies: Codebook and Datase
How do readers interpret ambiguous characters in novel Chinese compound words?
No full textMost Chinese words are compounds comprising multiple constituent characters. Research has shown that compounds are routinely broken down into their constituents during word recognition, but it is unknown how readers deal with characters that have multiple possible meanings (e.g., 花 can mean both flower and to spend, depending on the compound in which it appears) and that are highly prevalent in Chinese. The present study investigated how a computational model (Study 1) and human readers (Study 2) compute the meanings of novel Chinese compounds that contain semantically ambiguous characters. We found that both model and human readers prioritise characters that have a consistent meaningful function when making sense of novel compounds, and a further study revealed that semantically-consistent characters serve as anchors to help readers determine the contextually appropriate meaning for ambiguous characters. These findings suggest that the stored knowledge of the consistency of form–meaning mappings shapes the comprehension of novel words. We conclude by arguing that, despite its apparent ambiguity, the Chinese writing system may be more systematic and learnable than it appears
The Relationship Between Dysfunctional Sexual Beliefs, Body Esteem and Sexual Functioning in Women in Croatia
No full textThe present study aims to examine the relationship between dysfunctional sexual beliefs, body esteem, and sexual functioning. Previous research has identified associations between dysfunctional sexual beliefs and sexual functioning, however, findings have been inconsistent across specific belief domains and aspects of sexual functioning. Despite these inconsistencies, both dysfunctional sexual beliefs and negative body image have been identified as important risk factors for sexual difficulties and the development of sexual dysfunction, indicating the need for further investigation.
In addition to examining direct associations, this study seeks to address a gap in the literature by exploring whether the association between dysfunctional sexual beliefs (particularly those related to body image) and sexual functioning varies as a function of body esteem. Specifically, the study will examine whether the strength or direction of the association between dysfunctional sexual beliefs and various aspects of women’s sexual functioning differs across levels of body esteem
When should forgiveness happen? Children's judgments of victims’ and transgressors’ responses to counterfactual choices
No full textWasting and Stunting in Children Under Five in Afghanistan: A Needs and Assets Assessment Study
No full textBackground: Child malnutrition, particularly wasting and stunting, affects nearly half of Afghanistan’s children and poses serious health, social, and economic risks. Despite ongoing efforts, malnutrition rates remain high, which demonstrates the urgent need for systematic and evidence-based strategies. We conducted a qualitative needs and assets assessment in order to inform the development of behavior change interventions targeting the prevention of wasting and stunting in children under five in Afghanistan.
Methods: Semi-structured online interviews (N = 10) were conducted with UNICEF program teams and implementing partners in Afghanistan to explore the problem of child wasting and stunting. The interviews focused on factors contributing to child wasting stunting at individual and environmental levels, their underlying causes, available resources to support intervention efforts, and potential barriers and facilitators to implementation. All interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis.
Results: Individual-level behaviors, such as maternal feeding practices, WASH (water, sanitation, and hygiene) behaviors, and access to healthcare, along with environmental factors like resource constraints in health facilities, limited access to sanitation and safe water, and high levels of food insecurity, contribute to child wasting and stunting in Afghanistan. Underlying causes include poverty, cultural beliefs and practices, education, knowledge, social norms, funding, and infrastructure. Community-based systems and local organizations were identified as assets for delivering interventions. However, barriers such as weak coordination, limited implementation capacity, and the fact that most projects are short-term hinder effective implementation and long-term sustainability.
Discussion: The high rates of child malnutrition in Afghanistan, driven by both individual and environmental factors, demand urgent attention. This study provides a structured analysis of the problem and community assets. The findings inform the design and implementation of behavior change interventions aimed at reducing child malnutrition in Afghanistan
Similarity Ratings Reveal Expert-Novice Differences in Knowledge Organization
No full textIn this study, we examine expert-novice differences in knowledge organization using similarity ratings. This approach revealed not only expected expert-novice differences in knowledge organization, but also aspects of expert knowledge organization that are unavailable in methods that depend on self-report or awareness
Стратегии голосования избирателей в многомандатных округах с плюральным правилом: случай российских муниципальных выборов
No full textМатериалы к статье "Стратегии голосования избирателей в многомандатных округах с плюральным правилом: случай российских муниципальных выборов
What is the association between high dietary protein intake and renal function outcomes (eGFR and serum creatinine) in adult male populations?
No full textThis project contains a systematic review evaluating the association between high dietary protein intake (≥1.2 g/kg/day) and renal function outcomes, including estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum creatinine, in generally healthy adult male populations