38978 research outputs found
Sort by
Current concepts of temporomandibular joint dysfunction associated with occlusal disorders: A systematic review
No full textDespite the large number of diagnostic classifications and treatment approaches, temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) remain a frequent and challenging pathology in dental practice. Objective of the study – to analyze the scientific literature on the relationship between occlusal conditions and the functional state of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The analysis included publications indexed in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science over the last ten years. Attention was paid to studies involving electromyographic diagnostics, occlusal analysis and splint therapy. Clinical data were extracted and compared with respect to diagnostic criteria, patient cohorts and the outcomes of occlusal correction. The review showed that, although occlusion is not considered the primary cause of TMD, its role as a contributing or maintaining factor is evident in many cases. It has been reported that splint therapy and occlusal corrections improve muscle balance and reduce pain symptoms in selected groups of patients. The results emphasize the importance of an individualized approach to the assessment and treatment of TMD. Occlusal rehabilitation should be based on functional diagnostics and individual patient parameters rather than on universal schemes. Further research is needed to define standardized criteria for the evaluation of occlusal factors in the context of temporomandibular joint dysfunctio
Infant-Caregiver Vocal Contingency Changes Across Varying Interpersonal Space
No full textVocal contingency between caregivers and infants is a fundamental building block for
socio-communicative development. This paper investigates vocal contingency in home
settings and how it varies as a function of the physical distance between infants and
their caregivers. We recorded 61 mother–infant dyads when infants were 5 to 14
months old during daylong recording sessions, using wearable audio and proximity
sensors. In total, 737 hours of indoor audio data were processed with machine
learning–based pipelines to extract and classify vocalisations automatically. When we
considered all ages and proximities, we observed that mothers vocalised contingently
to their infants, but that infants did not. Unexpectedly, above-chance contingency did
not increase with age for either partner. However, contingency varied with proximity in
a quadratic fashion: it strengthened when dyads were closer, peaking at approximately
0.4 m, and decreasing thereafter. This profile remained stable across ages.
Importantly, above-chance contingency was also observed in infants (in addition to
mothers) at proximities that fell between 0.3–0.5 m. The selective emergence of infant
vocal contingency at these proximities suggests that face-to-face exchanges may
potentiate vocal contingency in infancy
Subjective and objective text difficulty in L2 English reading: Exploring their interplay in relation to processing effort
No full textText difficulty has traditionally been evaluated using objective indices such as readability measures. However, difficulty is also inherently subjective. In this study, we examined the extent to which readers’ subjective judgments of text difficulty are associated with established readability indices. We also explored their relationship with difficulty estimates derived from large language models as a further objective indicator. Additionally, we investigated whether these different indices make unique contributions to predicting processing effort during reading, as reflected in eye-tracking measures. The results indicated that subjective and objective difficulty indices were strongly related. Simultaneously, they made distinct and independent contributions to the prediction of processing effort, with group-level subjective difficulty playing a particularly important role. Moreover, individual-level deviations in subjective difficulty further contributed to the prediction. Taken together, these findings suggest that text difficulty assessment should not rely solely on objective indices but should also incorporate subjective difficulty to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of reading difficulty
When Importance Doesn’t Matter: The Importance Paradox in Individually Weighted Models and William James’ Perspective
No full textWeighted-average models are widely used in self-concept research, often justified by James’s claim that global self-evaluations reflect domain attributes weighted by their personal importance. However, the Jamesian axiom has rarely been translated into explicit statistical inequalities among competing weighting structures. The present study distinguishes among unweighted models (UWAM), individually weighted models (IWAM), and two forms of normative group-weighted models based on aggregated importance ratings (GWAM_A) and empirically derived regression weights (GWAM_E). Using a staged design combining multitrait–multimethod validation, manifest model comparisons, and fully latent structural equation models—including a Lens-based operationalization of importance—we tested whether individually weighted models outperform normative alternatives. Across analytic frameworks, IWAMs did not exceed GWAM_E, and self-concept × importance interactions contributed minimal incremental variance. Aggregated importance ratings did not approximate empirically derived weights, suggesting that explicit importance measures do not capture the operative weighting structure. Neither alternative operationalization nor greater variability in non-core subjects altered the fundamental ordering of models. These findings indicate that while weighting processes are evident at the population level, self-reported importance does not function as the individualized psychological weight presumed by traditional IWAM formulations. By translating theoretical claims into explicit model comparisons, the study clarifies the limits of current operationalizations of importance and highlights the need for more precise conceptualization of weighting mechanisms in self-concept research
Comprehensive Assessment and Binational Geostatistical Platform for Water Quality in the Tijuana River Basin
No full textThe project proposes to evaluate the water quality of the Tijuana River through a collaborative study between researchers from universities in Baja California, Mexico, and California in the United States, through the collection and analysis of physical-chemical, biological, and microbiological parameters, to generate high-quality, standardized data to develop an innovative approach to water quality management and analysis in an area of high environmental and social complexity such as the Tijuana region. In addition to the comprehensive analysis of physicochemical and biological parameters, a geostatistical platform will be developed to integrate and enable the mining of data from field analyses and government environmental platforms, enhancing decision-making and coordinated management of water resources
A scoping review of quantitative methodological approaches to assess inequities in access to specialist eating disorder services: Protocol
No full textThis scoping review will identify and map quantitative approaches used to conceptualise and measure access to specialist eating disorder (ED) services across the UK, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, including how inequalities and intersectional identities have been examined
The Carter Chronology
No full textThis paper proposes the Carter Chronology, a systemic realignment of the Hebrew Exodus within the mid-18th Dynasty of Egypt. Central to this model is the 1494 BC birth of Moses, which establishes a 1414 BC Exodus under Amenhotep II. By applying the "Rule of Inclusive Logic," the author demonstrates that the 480-year span of 1 Kings 6:1 represents a cumulative regnal total rather than linear solar time, resolving the 32-year variance to the 966 BC Temple foundation.
Furthermore, the paper offers a forensic analysis of the Amarna Correspondence, identifying the "Habiru" incursions as the primary archaeological signature of the Israelite Conquest (c. 1374 BC), specifically addressing the Shechem and Hazor synchronisms. Finally, the author defends the "Rameses" toponym (Exodus 1:11) as a scribal anachronism for the 12th-15th Dynasty site of Avaris, supported by the administrative reforms of Senusret III. This synthesis provides a 98/100 correlation between the biblical record and the archaeological strata of the Levant
Personalized Medicine vs. Race-Based Medicine: Ethical Challenges and Implications for Health Equity
No full textHealth equity is one of the biggest challenges the United States healthcare system faces.
Although we’ve progressed massively technologically, access to good health care and health
related outcomes have not entirely shifted according to demographic composition. These
disparities are the consequence of social determinants including income, location, education and
institutional injustice, and so on, and they're also made of how medicine treats those whom it
treats, and how it treats them as a consequence, as well
EFEITO DE UM PROGRAMA DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA EM IDOSOS NAS RESPOSTAS NEUROMUSCULARES E RISCO DE QUEDAS EM IDOSOS: ENSAIO CLÍNICO PRÉ-PÓS NÃO-RANDOMIZADO
No full textArquivos para analise de dados da dissertação "EFEITO DE UM PROGRAMA DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA EM IDOSOS NAS RESPOSTAS NEUROMUSCULARES E RISCO DE QUEDAS EM IDOSOS:ENSAIO CLÍNICO PRÉ-PÓS NÃO-RANDOMIZADO"
Moral emotions and crime: An individual participant data meta-study of shame, guilt, and criminal choice
No full textAnticipated moral emotions of shame and guilt may prevent people from offending, but their effect remains unclear owing to conceptual and methodological limitations. This meta-study provides a more precise estimate of that effect and examines the underlying mechanisms. We re-analysed seven experimental datasets comprising nine outcomes across 18,686 participants from eight countries. Pooled effects of shame and guilt on offending intentions were estimated before and after controlling for one another and for personal norms. Shame and guilt both negatively predicted offending, with effects diminishing, but not disappearing, after adding appropriate covariates. Moral norms and emotions had multiplicative negative effect on offending. The results suggest that emotions and moral norms affect offending intentions may interact,reinforcing each other’s crime prevention effect