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Do all measures lead to Rome? A systematic study and meta-analysis of the relationship between conscientiousness and GPA accounting for different measurement choices.
No full textValidly and reliably measuring psychological and educational constructs like personality and academic ability is not a simple task. These constructs are measured using psychological scales and educational outcomes, which validity is the topic of extensive debate and elaborate (psychometric) research. A variety of measurement instruments have been developed to capture the differences between or within people on certain unobservable (i.e. latent) constructs (Cronbach & Meehl, 1955). However, the instruments often capture such variation in different ways and to varying extents. The proliferation of psychological measures (Anvari et al., 2025; Elson et al., 2023; Rosenbusch et al., 2020), the large variability in measurement procedures (Holzmeister et al., 2024) and many alternative ways of scoring create a multitude of design and analytical choices for researchers, which are often referred to as researcher’s degrees of freedom (Simmons et al., 2011). These researcher’s degrees of freedom can create variability in scores for individual respondents and the subsequent study outcomes based on them. This implies that a study using multiple measures and/or varying scoring options for the constructs of interest might offer multiple ways to compute the correlation between the same construct, creating within-study heterogeneity in the outcomes that go beyond the between-study variation or between-study heterogeneity in the outcomes as evidenced in standard meta-analyses of study outcomes. Although intra-individual variation in estimates based on various measurement instruments and scoring options has been studied in the context of convergent validity and psychometric modelling, within- and between-study variation in outcomes due to measurement decisions is poorly understood.
In our study, we aim to explore the effect of different choices in measurement of conscientiousness and GPA on the observed Pearson correlation within and between studies by conducting a systematic (meta-) study and empirical application. We aim to map out the researcher’s degrees of freedom within measurement, before statistical analysi
Machine Learning in Surface Mining Exploitation – A Systematic Review
No full textThe extractive industry is crucial for the global supply of raw materials but is facing in creasing complexity due to the scarcity of shallow deposits and increasingly challenging geological conditions. Machine Learning (ML) has started to being utilized as a promising tool to optimize unitarian operations and enhance decision-making through high predictive models. The present systematic review follows the PRISMA guidelines, including 57 articles published between 2020 and 2025 from four databases. The methodological rigor was ensured by utilizing the ROBINS-I tool for bias assessment. Studies were categorized into four categories: blasting phase, load and haul, extraction and overall exploitation. Results indicate that articles are highly concentrated in the blasting phase (75% of the articles), with hybrid architectures like XGBoost and Support Vector Machine achieving high reliability with R2 exceeding 0.97. In the other hand, sectors such as Load and Haul tend to rely on Reinforcement Learning and Computer Vision to address dynamic operational complexities. Although these advancements have been made, the transition to Mining 4.0 is being restrained by site-specific characteristics of the datasets and a high lack of transparency.
Future research must prioritize standardized reporting and the inclusion of operational efficiency indicators to ensure the scalable integration of ML into real-word mining environments
Bridging Working Memory and Long-Term Memory Through Attentional Prioritization and Refreshing
No full textThis project investigates how attentional mechanisms in working memory (WM) contribute to the formation of durable long-term memories (LTM). Specifically, we focus on two processes: attentional prioritization, where certain items are given higher importance during learning, and attentional refreshing, where items are reactivated in WM to counteract decay. Although both mechanisms are known to improve immediate performance in WM, their impact on long-term retention is less clear. The project consists of two experiments using an image–keypress associative learning task. In Experiment 1, we manipulated the availability of attentional refreshing by varying the demands of a secondary task during the WM maintenance phase. In Experiment 2, we contrasted implicit refreshing opportunities with explicit refreshing instructions to test whether deliberate reactivation enhances long-term retention. Both experiments included a surprise cued-recall test to assess LTM
31 Erpenbach Multiphysical Fieldspace (E-MFS)
No full textE-MFS / UMF (Erpenbach Multiphysical Fieldspace) is a theoretical meta-architecture for the structural integration of heterogeneous field concepts. The project develops a higher-order fieldspace in which temporal, informational, energetic, and structural system fields are represented as parameterized state spaces within a shared underlying order.
The aim is not to replace existing physical theories, but to provide a unifying coordinate system that enables comparability, coupling, and integration across diverse field domains. Differences between fields are treated as parameter regimes within a common meta-field rather than as categorical separations.
E-MFS is deliberately designed as a theoretical-systemic framework. It does not propose new field equations and makes no empirical claims. Instead, it establishes a stable conceptual space for interdisciplinary structural comparison, coherence analysis, and future formal developments.
The project is compatible with temporal coherence theory, systems theory, and information-based approaches and serves as a meta-framework for subsequent mathematical, simulation-based, or empirical research
29 Erpenbach Cross-Species Behavioral Isomorphism (E-AVI)
No full textE-AVI is an observational research framework investigating identical or highly similar external behavioral forms across evolutionarily distinct species. The project separates observable form from internal function and introduces a physical-dynamic form space to explain structural convergence without psychological or anthropomorphic interpretation
Generalised Anxiety in Adolescents and its Behavioural Manifestations: Developing and Evaluating a New Measure (WAVES-A)
No full textWorry-related safety-seeking behaviours are overt or psychological actions that an individual carries out before, during, or after a feared situation with the aim of avoiding, reducing, or distracting themselves from worry and its associated emotional distress. They can be viewed as attempts to reach a sense of safety, and although effective at reducing short-term anxiety, they ultimately reinforce the cycle of worry and therefore contribute to the long-term maintenance of GAD (Salkovskis, 1991).
Whilst not included in the diagnostic criterion for GAD in DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013), adults and adolescents with GAD have been shown to engage in safety-seeking behaviours (Beesdo-Baum et al., 2012, 2019; Mahoney et al., 2016; Rector et al., 2011), and these form the basis of several cognitive-behavioural interventions (e.g., Dugas et al., 2022; Hebert & Dugas, 2019). Thus, to guide the delivery of these treatments, and to better understand the behavioural profile of GAD, it is vital to be able to accurately measure safety-seeking actions.
The only worry-related behaviour scale currently in existence (the Worry Behaviors Inventory, WBI; Mahoney et al., 2016) was developed for adults, and recent work from our group suggests that whilst there is evidence to support its use in adolescents, its performance is not optimal in this age group (Shipp et al., in prep). Consequently, this study aims to develop and validate a novel, adolescent-specific measure: the Worry-related Avoidance, Validation-seeking, and Excessive preparation Scale for Adolescents (WAVES-A)