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How Perceived Trust from the State Influences Citizens’ Political Trust
No full textFor decades, scholars have debated the decline in political trust as both an indicator and a driver of democratic crisis and civic disengagement. The focus of this previous research has been primarily on how political trust can be bolstered or maintained. Drawing on research from interpersonal and organizational mutual trust, we argue, however, that political trust is not only influenced by governmental actions and policies but also by the extent to which citizens perceive that the state trusts them. Hence, we distinguish between state trust—the trust the state expresses toward its citizens—and perceived trust from the state—citizens’ perception of being trusted, which can be inferred from political communication and measures. In two pre-registered studies in Germany (N = 200, Mage = 30.70, SD = 10.52) and Canada (N = 256, Mage = 36.68, SD = 11.87), we investigated citizens' perception of being trusted by the state within a post-pandemic scenario. Our findings show that perceived trust from the state indeed mediates the relationship between state trust and political trust. Implications of these findings for trust research are discussed
The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Personalized Dietary Guidance for People of Colour: A Scoping Review
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Earning more but less secure: Unpaid carers, paid work, and the design of a cash allowance
No full textUnpaid carers face economic penalties, often despite having paid work. Dubbed a ‘new’ social risk, related social policies and research have focused on promoting employment and bolstering the public safety net when insufficient or absent. Yet the design of existing benefit programs might also have ‘new’ perverse effects. Here I ask how large, for how long, among whom, and why, by analysing the UK’s Carer’s Allowance and its earnings limit.
I rely on survey interviews from fifteen waves of Understanding Society (2009-2024). Penalties are investigated in terms of economic insecurity, a comprehensive concept spanning incomes and wealth, and combining material indicators and perceptions. With an event-study design, I compare carers with a history of Carer’s Allowance receipt to those without as their earnings progress.
Carers with zero earnings report the highest levels of insecurity. When earnings increase, insecurity declines but not homogeneously. Past the earnings limit, carers with a history of Carer’s Allowance receipt report relatively more arrears with bills and housing, less regular savings, more dissatisfaction with income, and heightened financial worries. The relative gap in insecurity is large and persistent over time. Insecurity also affects other household members, and it is more pronounced for those in working-class positions and renters. These patterns appear unrelated to variation in caregiving involvement. Rather, differences in incomes, employment, and benefit receipt widen past the limit.
By foregrounding the role of policy design, findings speak to studies on social risks and economic insecurity, broadening the case for reform spurred by recent benefit scandals
Data on Fake News Definitions
No full textThe data are drawn from definitions presented in academic literature on “fake news” in computer science and philosophy
Material Suplementario: Modelos de ecuaciones estructurales exploratorios: introducción, tutorial y guía práctica para su uso.
No full textSe encuentran aquí los materiales suplementarios del artículo titulado "Modelos de ecuaciones estructurales exploratorios: introducción, tutorial y guía práctica para su uso". Autores: Mario A. Trógolo y Pablo Ezequiel Flores Kanter
Associations of smoking and obesity with chronic pain, physical functioning, and quality of life following primary ventral hernia repair: a register- and survey-based nationwide study
No full textThis Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP) outlines the statistical methodologies and data-related specifics for a planned register- and survey-based observational cross-sectional study. The study's objective is to investigate the relationship between the common risky lifestyle factors smoking and obesity and the patient-reported outcomes chronic pain, physical functioning, and improvement in quality of life following primary ventral hernia repair. The dataset comprises a nationwide Danish cohort of patients who underwent primary ventral hernia repair from January 2014 to March 2024. The study hypothesizes that smoking and obesity are associated with a higher risk of chronic pain, poorer physical functioning scores, and a lower probability of postoperative improvement in quality of life, and that the combined effect of smoking and obesity exceeds additivity
Heart-Brain Synchrony in Trust-Based Decision Making
No full textThis study investigates how brain activity and heart rate variability (HRV) interacting during trust-based decision-making. Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) hyperscanning, we will measure both individual brain activation (in prefrontal cortex) and inter-brain synchrony (IBS) while dyads of participants engage in the investment game (IG). In parallel, we will assess HRV and HRV synchrony to capture autonomic co-regulation. At the individual level, we test whether higher HRV is related to stronger prefrontal activation. At the dyadic level, we examine whether HRV and inter-brain synchrony are associated with each other and how they are related to trust-decisions. We also investigate how early live adversity alter these brain-heart coupling mechanisms. By integrating behavioral, physiological and neural measures, this study aims to advance understanding of the physiological foundations of trust and cooperation
Analysis scripts for: The Experience of Cognitive Conflict is Intrinsically Rewarding
No full textAnalysis scripts for the preprint "The experience of cognitive conflict is intrinsically rewarding", by La Pietra, M., Vives, M. L., Molinaro, N., Ruzzoli, M. (2025), DOI: https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/b83mn_v3.
This research is supported through the SweetC project (PID2020-114717RA-I00 /AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 to Ruzzoli, M.) funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIIN) and the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI), and by the Basque Government through the BERC 2022-2025 program and the Spanish State Research Agency through BCBL Severo Ochoa excellence accreditation CEX2020-001010-S