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Learning Outcomes of Virtual Journal Clubs in Comparison to Real Ones in Pediatric Neurology Fellows
Full text linkObjectives:
Journal Club sessions are a staple in clinical training, widely implemented across various specialities. This study aims to compare the effectiveness if in-person and virtual Journal Club sessions .Materials & Methods:
This compartive study involved pediatric neurology residents from two institutions: six residents from Children's Medical Centerattended in-person sessions, while seven residents from Mofid Children's Hospital participated in virtual sessions. Evaluations were based on an interaction and behavior checklist during the sessions, apost-test consisting of ten multiple-choice questions, and a student-satisfaction questionnaire .Results:
A total of 13 pediatricneurology residents(12 women and 1 man) participated. The average knowledge score was higher in virtual sessions compared to the in-person sessions, though this difference was not statistically significant. High satisfaction(score of 4) for active participation was reported by 50% of in-person attendees and 57.1% of virtual attendees, with nosignificant difference. For analytic assessment of statistical tests in articles, high satisfaction was reported by 83.3% of in-person attendees and 100% of virtual attendees, also not significantly different .Conclusion:
The findings suggest that virtual Journal Clubs can be effective and satisfactory as in-person sessions. Further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to validate these results
Determining Potential Risk Factors for Epilepsy in Children with Neonatal Hypoglycemia: Neonatal Hypoglycemia and Epilepsy Risk Factors
No full textObjectives:
protocols to prevent potential neurological complications are essential. This study aims to investigate the possible risk factors for epilepsy in children with a history of neonatal hypoglycemia in North Khorasan Province.
Materials & Methods:
This case-control study analyzed 64 children with a previous history of neonatal hypoglycemia between 2017 and 2021 in North Khorasan Province. Nineteen children with epilepsy were selected as the case group, and their MRI data were extracted from medical records. In the control group (45 individuals who did not develop epilepsy), children were randomly selected, and their data were also collected. The researchers completed the ages and stages questionnaire (ASQ) for both case and control groups at follow-up. Pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal health information was obtained from hospital records using a checklist. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v20, with data entry and coding accuracy ensured before analysis.
Results:
This case-control study was conducted on 64 children (19 with epilepsy and 45 without epilepsy) with neonatal hypoglycemia. The mean age for the case and control groups were 4.1 and 4.6 years, respectively. An association was observed between epilepsy prevalence (58%) and familial history (p<0.05). Children who developed epilepsy had more extended periods of hypoglycemia and NICU stays (p<0.05). The age when hypoglycemia starts has a significant impact on the development of epilepsy, with an eight times higher risk for every extra day of life at the time of hypoglycemia (p<0.05). The ASQ findings revealed significant deficiencies between case and control groups (p<0.05). MRI results demonstrated that ~82% of children with epilepsy displayed irregularities, predominantly gliosis, and encephalomalacia in the occipital area (abnormal pathologic findings).
Conclusion:
Neonatal hypoglycemia significantly raises the likelihood of developing epilepsy in later childhood. This risk is particularly high when the newborn requires an extended stay in the NICU, experiences delayed onset of hypoglycemia, or has a family history of epilepsy. Prompt recognition and focused intervention for newborns with these risk factors are essential to minimize the chances of developing epilepsy and related neurodevelopmental is
I’ Wave Auditory Brainstem Response as a Possible Indicator of Noise-Induced Cochlear Synaptopathy
Full text linkObjectives:
Cochlear synaptopathy, caused by the destruction of synaptic connections due to aging, noise exposure, and ototoxic agents, is defined as auditory dysfunction despite the normal hearing threshold, specifically in challenging situations. One of the main obstacles in synaptopathy studies and the integration and generalization of research findings is the need for a valid diagnostic test. Although the issue of identifying synaptopathy has received considerable critical attention, little agreement is available on a valid and efficient diagnostic method for cochlear synaptopathy.
Material & Methods:
critical review was conducted on previous animal and human studies addressing cochlear synaptopathy, with particular emphasis on the paired-click paradigm and I’ wave electrophysiological assessments. Subsequently, pertinent physiological and biophysical models elucidating excitatory postsynaptic potentials at the inner hair cell ribbon synapse were analyzed. Finally, the feasibility and limitations of I’ wave recording were theoretically evaluated, with recommendations for future validation studies.
Results:
A review of the existing evidence and analysis of biophysical modeling data indicate that the I’ wave in the auditory brainstem response, particularly when using the paired-click paradigm, represents the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) generated at the inner hair cell ribbon synapse.
Conclusion:
The present hypothesis attempts to bring forward a non-invasive tool that can investigate synaptic function. It sheds new light on future studies in cochlear synaptopathy by suggesting the I’ wave as its biomarker
Predictors of Sleep Habits in Premature Infants: A Cross-Sectional Study
Full text linkObjectives:
Despite the significant frequency of sleep disorders in premature infants, the specific causes remain unclear. Thus, pediatricians and other caregivers may be able to prevent the onset of sleep disorders in children. Accordingly, the present study aimed to assess the predictors of sleep habits among preschoolers born preterm.
Materials & Methods:
This cross-sectional, retrospective study included 174 preterm infants from the Semnan clinic in Iran between 2019 and 2020. All children between the ages of four and seven years old who were born before 37 weeks were included. Information on demographic variables and the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) was collected from the participants. The Research Ethics Committee of the Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran (IR. SEMUMS.REC.1396.235).
Results:
The average age of children and mothers were 5.7±0.96 and 32.14 ±2.02 years old, respectively. The probability of familial conflict (OR = 2.73, 95% CI = 0.97-7.71, and P = 0.041), sleepwalking (OR=2.56, 95% CI=1.30-5.06, and p=0.006) and seclusion increased (OR=2.68, 95% CI=0.91-5.13, and P=0.034) in CSHQ 1< to 2 compared with CSHQ >2 in adjusted model History of psychological disorder, sleep drugs use, withdrawn and previously diagnosed sleep disorders, depression, nightmares, and sleeping alone no had significant association with CSHQ score.
Conclusion:
The study concluded that stress factors, such as family conflicts, behavioral changes like increased seclusion, as well as internal issues like sleepwalking, should be regularly investigated in children referred to clinics for sleep problems. Healthcare professionals need to assess how these symptoms may worsen or impact the effectiveness of treatment
Clinical Antitumor effects of Curcumin in Prostate Cancer Environment: A Meta-Analysis
Full text linkBackground: Curcuma longa L. is increasingly acknowledged as a chemopreventive agent for cancer and is currently being administered to humans. Nonetheless, the limited number of clinical trials conducted for prostate cancer treatment is significant. Our objective was to conduct a meta-analysis study to evaluate curcumin's tumor-inhibitory effects in humans.
Materials and Methods: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched until October 2024 to retrieve relevant articles. The RAYYAN intelligence tool for systematic reviews was incorporated for screening studies. STATA v18 software was used to conduct the meta-analysis. Egger’s test for publication bias assessment was implemented. The JBI critical appraisal tool was used to evaluate the qualities of the included studies. A plot digitizer was used to extract digital data.
Results: This meta-analysis evaluated the effects of curcumin on prostate cancer. Eight studies involving 638 participants were included out of 1,523 articles. The analysis showed that curcumin significantly reduces prostate cancer incidence, with a pooled effect size of -0.91 (95% CI: [-1.68, -0.14], P = 0.02). The results indicated significant heterogeneity among studies, though a slight publication bias was noted.
Conclusion: Curcumin demonstrated a favorable effect on prostate cancer treatment and exhibited inhibitory properties toward prostate tumor growth, thereby providing substantiation for additional clinical investigations. Including a limited number of studies resulted in a significant degree of heterogeneity among the included studies, which is a critical point to recognize. As a result, additional randomized controlled trials are necessary to thoroughly evaluate curcumin's efficacy in humans
Utilizing Activated Carbon from the Date Fronds to Detect Latent Fingerprints
Full text linkBackground: In this work, a fingerprint powder was used to reveal latent fingerprints from different surfaces. This powder was derived from the Date fronds as activated carbon.
Methods: In preparing the activated carbon, three parameters were studied: activation time, activation temperature, and impregnation ratio. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to characterize the prepared Date frond activated carbon (DFAC) as well as the raw material (Date frond plant). Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) was used to measure the specific surface area of DFAC. The surface shape and the element composition of the prepared powder were investigated using (SEM-EDS) analysis. A Central Composite Design (CCD) was employed to determine the optimal preparation conditions and to elucidate the relationship between the studied parameters and the response (yield). Sodium acetate and mineral oil were added to the (DFAC) powder in five different concentrations to enhance the intensity of the expression, thereby revealing latent fingerprints.
Results: The results show that the best powder recipe was one with 20% sodium acetate and mineral oil, respectively. The Date frond activated carbon (DFAC) powder was compared with the commonly used importer powder (Sirchie) and tested for several surfaces. Additionally, the time of the latent fingerprints' presence on the surfaces was determined. It took fifteen days to notice the perfectly distinct fingerprint.
Conclusion: Activated carbon derived from Date fronds was successfully used to reveal latent fingerprints on various non-porous materials. The Date frond activated carbon (DFAC) powder showed good adherence to friction ridges and was more effective than the commercial Sirchie powder, DFAC demonstrated similar excellent results in displaying detailed fingerprint patterns. Enhancing the DFAC powder with sodium acetate and mineral oil improved the visualization intensity, with the optimal formula being 20% sodium acetate and 2% mineral oil
Fatal Cyanide Poisoning via Coffee Ingestion: A Forensic Case Report and Diagnostic Challenges: A Forensic Case report and Diagnostic Challenges
No full textBackground: Cyanide is a highly toxic compound that can cause rapid death by inhibiting cellular respiration at the mitochondrial level. Although uncommon, cyanide poisoning presents a significant challenge in forensic medicine due to its fast onset, diagnostic difficulties, and legal implications.
Case Presentation: We report the case of a 24-year-old male who was brought to a hospital with sudden shortness of breath and was declared dead upon arrival. External postmortem examination revealed livor mortis, generalized rigor mortis, cyanosis of the lips and extremities, and dilated conjunctival vessels. Internal examination showed vasodilation in multiple organs, a wrinkled capsule in the spleen, and pulmonary congestion. A rapid screening using a food safety test kit yielded a positive colorimetric result for cyanide in the urine, with an estimated concentration of 0.007–0.010 mg/dL. Biological samples were collected and submitted for confirmatory toxicological analysis. Postmortem toxicological testing confirmed the presence of cyanide in the brain and gastric contents. A rapid screening test indicated cyanide in urine, though this was not confirmed on subsequent laboratory analysis.
Conclusion: The findings support a diagnosis of acute oral cyanide poisoning. This case highlights the importance of timely forensic investigation, proper sample handling, and the utility of rapid screening tools in suspected poisoning deaths. Confirmatory laboratory analysis remains essential for accurate diagnosis and legal interpretation
بررسی اپیدمیولوژیک مرگهای ناشی از حوادث شغلی در استان همدان طی سالهای ۱۴۰۰-۱۳۹۶
No full textBackground and Aim: Human power in any country is one of the main capitals for development and progress. material damages and occupational accidents may cause disability or death of workers. This study was conducted for the epidemiological investigation of deaths caused by occupational accidents in Hamadan province during a period of five years.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional and retrospective study, deaths caused by occupational accidents in Hamadan province during the years 2016 to 2022 were examined. The findings were analyzed using SPSS software version 26.
Results: The total number of registered deaths due to occupational accidents in the period was 182. The highest death due to workplace accidents was in construction workers (39.6 percent), non-construction workers (17.7 percent) and other freelancers (20.3 percent), respectively. The most common causes of death from work accidents were burns (47.8 percent), explosions (24.8 percent), and impact with hard objects (7.1 percent). The average age of the deceased was 43.93±13.75 years, 99.5% were male, 0.5% were female, 80.3% were married, and 68.7% were city residents.
Conclusion: Hamedan province has the 20th rank in work-related accidents in the country, and in 2016-2022, 2.4 out of every 1,000 working people suffered occupational injuries, and some of these accidents lead to death. Burns and explosions were the most important factors and construction and non-construction workers were the most important occupations at risk of death from occupational accidents. The middle-aged period, male gender, and marital status account for the most statistics of occupational accidents leading to death.
Please cite this article as: Jalili E, Khazaei S, Parvaneh P. Epidemiological Investigation of Deaths Caused by Occupational Accidents in Hamadan Province during 2016-2022. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat .2024;12(3):162-100. https://doi.org/10.22037/iipm.v11i3.41919سابقه و هدف: نیروی انسانی در هر کشوری از سرمایههای اصلی جهت توسعه و پیشرفت است. حوادث شغلی علاوه بر خسارتهای مادی، ممکن است باعث ناتوانی و یا مرگ شاغلین شود. این مطالعه بهمنظور بررسی اپیدمیولوژیک مرگهای ناشی از حوادث شغلی در استان همدان طی مدت پنج سال انجام شد.
روش بررسي: در این مطالعه بهصورت مقطعی و گذشته نگر، مرگهای ناشی از حوادث شغلی در استان همدان طی مدت ۵ سال ( ۱۳۹۶ تا ۱۴۰۰) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. یافتهها با استفاده از نرمافزار SPSS نسخه ۲۶ تجزیهوتحلیل شد.
یافتهها: کل مرگهای ثبت شده ناشی از حوادث شغلی در بازه زمانی ۱۸۲ مورد بود. بیشترین مرگ ناشی از حوادث محیط کار به ترتیب در کارگر ساختمانی (39/6 درصد)، کارگر غیرساختمانی (17/7 درصد) و سایر مشاغل آزاد (20/3 درصد) بود. بیشترین علت مرگ ناشی از حوادث کار، سوختگی (47/8 درصد)، انفجار (24/8 درصد) و برخورد جسم سخت(7/1 درصد) بود. میانگین سن متوفیان 13/75±43/93 سال، 99/5 درصد مرد، 0/5 درصد زن، 80/3 درصد متاهل و 68/7 درصد ساکن شهر بودند. فصل تابستان با 34/4 درصد دارای بیشترین مرگ ناشی از حوادث شغلی بود.
نتيجهگيري: استان همدان رتبه بیستم حوادث ناشی از کار را در سطح کشور به خود اختصاص داده و در سال1400 بهازای هر ۱۰۰۰ نفر فرد شاغل 2/4 نفر دچار آسیب شغلی شدند که تعدادی از این حوادث منجر به مرگ میگردد. سوختگی و انفجار مهمترین عوامل و کارگران ساختمانی و غیرساختمانی مهمترین مشاغل در معرض خطر مرگ ناشی از حوادث شغلی بودند. دوره میانسالی، جنسیت مرد، وضعیت تأهل بیشترین آمار حوادث شغلی منجر به مرگ را به خود اختصاص میدهد.
Please cite this article as: Jalili E, Khazaei S, Parvaneh P. Epidemiological Investigation of Deaths Caused by Occupational Accidents in Hamadan Province during 2016-2022. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat . 2024;12(3):162-100. https://doi.org/10.22037/iipm.v11i3.4191
تاثیر تمرینات پیلاتس با تاکید بر تنفس بر ثبات مرکزی، بی اختیاری ادرار و کیفیت زندگی در زنان مبتلا به بی اختیاری ادرار
No full textAbstract
Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Pilates exercises with emphasis on breathing on urinary incontinence, Core stability and quality of life in women with urinary incontinence.
Materials and Methods: This study was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test design. A number of 30 women with a history of urinary incontinence of Mahabad city were selected purposive and available from the statistical population and were randomly divided into two groups of 15 subjects, control and experimental. To evaluate Core stability، abdominal plank, lateral plank, flexion of 60 degree and Sorensen tests were used. Also, urinary incontinence and quality of life questionnaires were used to evaluate QUID and SF36. After the pre-test, the experimental group performed the exercises for 6 weeks and three sessions per week, and the control group continued their daily activities. Then, both groups participated in the post-test. In order to compare within and between groups, paired t-test and covariance analysis were used at the significant level of P<0.05.
Results: The results of the present study showed that Pilates exercises had a significant effect on core stability, urinary incontinence and quality of life variables (P=0.001).
Conclusion: According to the results of the study, Pilates exercises improve core stability, urinary incontinence and the quality of life in women with incontinence. Therefore, trainers and therapists are suggested to use core stability exercises as an effective training protocol in their programs.
Please cite this article as:Shabani M, Ali Nasab Firouzjah EM, Ghani Zadeh Hesar N. The effect of Pilates exercises with emphasis on breathing on corestability, urinary incontinence and quality of life in women with urinary incontinence. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2024: Vol12: No 2: 120-130. https://doi.org/10.22037/iipm.v1403i12.44734چکیده
سابقه و هدف: هدف از پژوهش حاضر تاثیر تمرینات پیلاتس با تاکید بر تنفس بر بی اختیاری ادرار، ثبات مرکزی و کیفیت زندگی در زنان مبتلا به بی اختیاری ادرار بود.
مواد و روش ها: مطالعه حاضر از نوع نیمه تجربی با طرح پیش آزمون، پس آزمون بود. تعداد ۳۰ زن مبتلا به بی اختیاری ادرار در شهرستان مهاباد به صورت هدفمند و در دسترس از بین جامعه آماری انتخاب شده و به صورت تصادفی به دو گروه ۱۵ نفری کنترل و تجربی تقسیم شدند. برای ارزیابی ثبات مرکزی از آزمون های پلانک شکم، پلانک طرفین، فلکشن 60درجه وسورنسن استفاده شد. همچنین جهت ارزیابی بی اختیاری ادرار و کیفیت زندگی از پرسشنامه های QUID و SF36 استفاده شد. پس از انجام پیش آزمون، گروه تجربی تمرینات پیلاتس را به مدت ۶ هفته و سه جلسه در هفته اجرا کردند و گروه کنترل فعالیت های روزانه خود را ادامه دادند. پس از پایان تمرینات، هر دو گروه در پس آزمون شرکت کردند. برای مقایسه تفاوت درون گروهی و بین گروهی به ترتیب از آزمون های تی همبسته و تحلیل کواریانس در سطح معنی داری 0/05 استفاده شد.
یافته ها: نتایج مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که تمرینات پیلاتس بر متغیرهای ثبات مرکزی، بی اختیاری ادرار و کیفیت زندگی در زنان داراری بی اختیاری ادرار تاثیر معنیداری داشت (001/0=P).
نتیجه گیری: با توجه به نتایج حاصل از مطالعه، به مربیان و درمانگران توصیه می شود از تمرینات پیلاتس به عنوان راهکار تمرینی موثر در جهت رفع بی اختیاری ادرار و ثبات مرکزی و کیفیت زندگی آنها استفاده کنند.
به این مقاله، به صورت زیر استناد کنید:Shabani M, Ali Nasab Firouzjah EM, Ghani Zadeh Hesar N. The effect of Pilates exercises with emphasis on breathing on corestability, urinary incontinence and quality of life in women with urinary incontinence. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2024: Vol12: No 2: 120-130. https://doi.org/10.22037/iipm.v1403i12.4473
مقایسه اثر شش هفته تمرینات عصبی-عضلانی و تسهیل عصبی-عضلانی بر ریتم و موقعیت کتف در ورزشکاران نخبه بدنسازی مبتلا به دیسکنزی کتف
Full text linkBackground and Aim: The scapula and its optimal movement quality are vital factors in the health of the shoulder girdle system, and scapular dyskinesis is a common issue in this area. The aim of this study was to comparison the effect of six weeks of neuromuscular and PNF exercises on the rhythm and position of the scapula in elite bodybuilding athletes with scapular dyskinesis.
Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental study employed a pre-test, post-test design. The sample consisted of 30 bodybuilders with scapular dyskinesis who were randomly divided into three groups of 10: a neuromuscular exercise group, a PNF group, and a control group. Scapular dyskinesis was assessed using the McClure test, scapulohumeral rhythm was evaluated with an inclinometer at 45, 90, and 135 degrees, and scapular position was measured using the Kibler test in three positions: 0, 45, and 90 degrees. The training groups underwent their specific exercises for six weeks, while the control group received no specific intervention. Post-tests were conducted after the six-week period. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and paired t-tests at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: The one-way ANOVA results showed a significant difference between the study groups in the post-test for the variables of scapular position and scapulohumeral rhythm (P<0.05). LSD post-hoc test results indicated that the PNF training group had significantly lower values in all dependent variables compared to the other two groups in the post-test (P<0.05). Additionally, the neuromuscular training group had lower values in all variables, except for the 0-degree angle in scapular position, compared to the control group in the post-test (P<0.05).
Conclusion: PNF exercises had a greater effect on improving the scapulohumeral rhythm and scapular position in bodybuilders with scapular dyskinesis. Therefore, it is recommended that coaches consider incorporating these exercises.
Please cite this article as:Moshrefi M, Minoonejad H, Rajabi R. Comparison the effect of six weeks of neuromuscular and Proprioceptive NeuromuscularFacilitation (PNF) exercises on the rhythm and position of the scapula in elite bodybuilding athletes with scapular dyskinesis. IrtiqaImini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2024: Vol 12: No 2: 83- 96. https://doi.org/10.22037/iipm.v1403i12.46305سابقه و هدف: کتف و کیفیت مطلوب حرکات آن از عوامل حیاتی در سلامت سیستم کمربند شانهای است و دیسکنزی کتف از مشکلات شایع این ناحیه است. هدف از این پژوهش مقایسه اثر شش هفته تمرینات عصبی_عضلانی و PNF بر ریتم و موقعیت کتف در ورزشکاران نخبه بدنسازی مبتلا به دیسکنزی کتف بود.
روش بررسی: این پژوهش از نوع نیمهتجربی با طرح پیشآزمون- پسآزمون بود. 30 بدنساز دارای دیسکنزی نمونههای پژوهش حاضر بودند که بهصورت تصادفی به سه گروه 10 نفری تمرینات عصبی_عضلانی، PNF و کنترل تقسیم شدند. دیسکنزی کتف با استفاده از آزمون مککلور، ریتم کتفی-بازویی با استفاده از شیبسنج در 45، 90 و 135 درجه و موقعیت کتف از طریق آزمون کیبلر در سه حالت 0، 45 و 90 درجه ارزیابی شد. گروههای تمرینی به مدت 5 هفته تمرینات مخصوص به خود را دریافت کردند و در این مدت گروه کنترل مداخله خاصی را دریافت نکرد. پس از 6 هفته آزمونهای مجدداً تکرار شد. تجزیهوتحلیل آماری از طریق آزمون تحلیل واریانس یکراهه و تی همبسته در سطح معناداری 0/05 انجام شد.
یافتهها: نتایج آزمون تحلیل واریانس یکراهه نشان داد که در دو متغیر موقعیت کتف و ریتم کتفی-بازویی در پسآزمون بین گروههای پژوهش تفاوت معناداری وجود داشته است (0/05>P). نتایج آزمون تعقیبی LSD نشان داد که گروه تمرینات PNF در پسآزمون به طور معناداری در تمامی متغیرهای وابسته مقادیر کمتری را نسبت به دو گروه دیگر داشت (0/05>P). همچنین گروه تمرینات عصبی-عضلانی در تمامی متغیرها به غیر از زاویه صفر در متغیر موقعیت کتف مقادیر کمتری را نسبت به گروه کنترل در پسآزمون داشت (0/05>P).
نتیجهگیری: تمرینات PNF تأثیر بیشتری را بهبود ریتم کتفی-بازویی و موقعیت کتف بدنسازان دارای دیسکنزی کتف داشته است، لذا پیشنهاد میشود مربیان انجام این تمرینات را مد نظر قرار دهند.
به این مقاله، به صورت زیر استناد کنید:
Moshrefi M, Minoonejad H, Rajabi R. Comparison the effect of six weeks of neuromuscular and Proprioceptive NeuromuscularFacilitation (PNF) exercises on the rhythm and position of the scapula in elite bodybuilding athletes with scapular dyskinesis. IrtiqaImini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2024: Vol 12: No 2: 83- 96. https://doi.org/10.22037/iipm.v1403i12.4630